Review
Behavioral Sciences
Stephen D. Worrell, Thomas J. Gould
Summary: Excessive alcohol consumption in the US contributes to a significant number of deaths and financial burden each year. The complexity of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) involves neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and neural connectivity. Depressed mood and stress play crucial roles in AUD relapse, with comorbidity between AUD, depression, and stress disorders suggesting potential overlap in treatment approaches. Current pharmacotherapies for AUD have limitations, indicating the need for novel therapeutics like ketamine, which has shown promise in treating AUD, depression, and stress disorders.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yukitoshi Izumi, Fong-Fu Hsu, Charles R. Conway, Peter Nagele, Steven J. Mennerick, Charles F. Zorumski
Summary: Nitrous oxide (N2O) and ketamine have similar hippocampal synaptic enhancement effects and may have therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant major depression.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bisant A. Labib, DeGaulle Chigbu
Summary: Allergic conjunctivitis is a common condition caused by exposure to allergens. Understanding the immune mechanisms is vital for identifying therapeutic targets. Treatment options are diverse but often require multiple agents.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sina Nikayin, Gerard Sanacora
Summary: Nearly 5% of individuals in the USA had serious thoughts of suicide in 2019 and over 30% of individuals suffering with major depressive disorder reported suicidal ideation. The recent approval of esketamine for treating patients with major depressive disorder with serious suicidal thoughts or actions represents a novel approach in this population. Despite the challenges of interpreting the data, studies suggest benefits that outweigh potential risks in treating patients with suicidal ideation and behavior.
Review
Cell Biology
Ido Rippin, Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders pose a significant threat to public health globally, with a lack of effective treatment options. Research indicates that GSK-3 plays a crucial role in regulating mood behavior, cognitive functions, and neuron viability, potentially serving as a common target for therapeutic interventions in these disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nancy B. Lundin, Linnea Sepe-Forrest, Jessica R. Gilbert, Frederick W. Carver, Maura L. Furey, Carlos A. Zarate, Allison C. Nugent
Summary: The study revealed that ketamine has effects on early visual responses to emotional stimuli in individuals with MDD and healthy volunteers, indicating its rapid reduction of depressive symptoms in MDD patients. Specifically, differences in accuracy and reaction time to facial emotional stimuli were observed between MDD patients and healthy volunteers, which were less pronounced after ketamine administration.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Melinda E. Snitow, Rahul S. Bhansali, Peter S. Klein
Summary: Lithium salts have been used for therapeutic purposes since the 19th century, with significant advancements in treating bipolar disorder following reports of remarkable efficacy by John Cade and Mogens Schou. The molecular targets of lithium are few, including GSK-3, and it has shown potential therapeutic applications in various diseases such as bipolar disorder, cancer, and coronavirus infections.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tianfang Yan, Katsuyoshi Suzuki, Seiji Kameda, Masashi Maeda, Takuma Mihara, Masayuki Hirata
Summary: This study investigates the effects of acute ketamine administration on brain oscillations and coupling strength between different frequency bands. The results show that ketamine induces changes in gamma oscillations and impairs coupling between low-frequency theta and high-frequency gamma bands. The findings support the use of ECoG models in pharmacodynamic research.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ashish K. Sahib, Joana R. Loureiro, Megha Vasavada, Cole Anderson, Antoni Kubicki, Benjamin Wade, Shantanu H. Joshi, Roger P. Woods, Eliza Congdon, Randall Espinoza, Katherine L. Narr
Summary: This study found that subanesthetic ketamine infusion therapy can modify the functional connectome in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), making it closer to the pattern seen in healthy controls. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the salience network (SN). Additionally, patients who responded to treatment showed increased functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the striatum before treatment, which decreased after treatment.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
O. d'Anselme, P. R. Torgerson, T. Kuca, R. Bettschart-Wolfensberger, B. Steblaj
Summary: Anaesthesia in food producing animals in the EU and UK is legally limited to a few drugs, with brotizolam being the only licensed benzodiazepine. This study aimed to investigate the effects of using brotizolam as a co-agent with ketamine on various aspects of anaesthesia in calves. The results showed that brotizolam had a negative impact on the quality of induction, intubation, and muscle relaxation compared to using ketamine alone.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chadi G. Abdallah, Kyung-Heup Ahn, Lynnette A. Averill, Samaneh Nemati, Christopher L. Averill, Samar Fouda, Mohini Ranganathan, Peter T. Morgan, Deepak C. D'Souza, Daniel H. Mathalon, John H. Krystal, Naomi R. Driesen
Summary: Utilizing longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging data from healthy participants and major depressive disorder patients, researchers successfully identified a robust and reproducible ketamine biomarker related to the mechanisms of antidepressants. The study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of ketamine on brain circuitry and networks for developing effective antidepressants.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Sophia Albott, Kelvin O. Lim, Christopher Erbes, Paul Thuras, Joseph Wels, Susanna J. Tye, Paulo R. Shiroma
Summary: This study examined the neurocognitive effects of repeated ketamine in participants with comorbid PTSD and MDD, finding that repeated ketamine infusions did not worsen cognition, but instead showed significant improvement in working memory. Additionally, certain neurocognitive performances at baseline can predict the response to ketamine for symptoms of PTSD and MDD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chintha Venkataramaiah, Sholapuri Payani, Bandila Lakshmi Priya, Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran
Summary: The glutamate and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and new neuroprotective compounds from medicinal plants could offer benefits. A novel bioactive compound found in Celastrus paniculatus shows potential neuroprotective effects in ketamine-induced schizophrenia, particularly in regulating glutamate metabolism.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samantha V. Abram, Brian J. Roach, Susanna L. Fryer, Vince D. Calhoun, Adrian Preda, Theo G. M. van Erp, Juan R. Bustillo, Kelvin O. Lim, Rachel L. Loewy, Barbara K. Stuart, John H. Krystal, Judith M. Ford, Daniel H. Mathalon
Summary: NMDAR hypofunction is a leading pathophysiological model of schizophrenia. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies demonstrate thalamic dysconnectivity pattern in schizophrenia involving excessive connectivity with sensory regions and deficient connectivity with frontal, cerebellar, and thalamic regions. Ketamine, an NMDAR antagonist, induces schizophrenia-like symptoms and alters rsfMRI thalamic connectivity. This study confirms that ketamine-induced thalamic dysconnectivity resembles the thalamic dysconnectivity observed in schizophrenia, which suggests the contribution of NMDAR hypofunction to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Emily S. Miller, Allie Sakowicz, Archana Roy, Ann Wang, Amy Yang, Jody Ciolino, William A. Grobman, Katherine L. Wisner, Lynn M. Yee
Summary: This study aimed to compare the frequency of depressive symptoms at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after delivery between women who did and did not receive peripartum magnesium sulfate for a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. The results showed that women who received magnesium sulfate had less exacerbation in depressive symptoms in the immediate postpartum period and were less likely to have an increase in depressive symptom score at 2 weeks after delivery.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2021)