Review
Cell Biology
Konstantinos Avgerinos, Luigi Ferrucci, Dimitrios Kapogiannis
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies targeting A beta have shown small clinical improvements and large biomarker improvements in Alzheimer's disease patients. However, they also increase the risk of adverse events such as ARIA.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne-Cathrine S. Vogt, Gary T. Jennings, Mona O. Mohsen, Monique Vogel, Martin F. Bachmann
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is responsible for 60-70% of cases. The number of people with dementia is expected to triple by 2050 due to an aging population. Currently, there are only symptomatic treatments available, making it crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease. This mini-review focuses on the understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathobiology and discusses current immunomodulating therapies targeting amyloid-beta protein.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Boris Decourt, Fadel Boumelhem, Evans D. Pope, Jiong Shi, Zoltan Mari, Marwan Noel Sabbagh
Summary: According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, removing amyloid beta (A beta) is believed to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD), but current clinical trials lack definitive efficacy. Therefore, research has shifted focus towards immunotherapy, particularly monoclonal antibody therapies targeting A beta plaques. This approach offers potential for treating different stages of AD and may provide valuable insights into the trajectory of drug development for neurodegenerative diseases.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mingchao Shi, Fengna Chu, Feiqi Zhu, Jie Zhu
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, with limited treatment options available to provide only partial symptomatic relief. Disease-modifying therapies, targeting the systemic failure of cell-mediated Aβ clearance, are currently being studied in clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wenxue Wu, Yi Ji, Zilan Wang, Xiaoxiao Wu, Jiaxuan Li, Feng Gu, Zhouqing Chen, Zhong Wang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of FDA-approved anti-A beta monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The findings indicate that these drugs have significant improvements in clinical outcomes and biomarkers, but also come with an increased risk of side effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza, Monika Rudkowska, Anna Orzel-Sajdlowska
Summary: In June 2021, the FDA approved a new drug for Alzheimer's disease called Aducanumab. This monoclonal antibody IgG1 targets amyloid beta, a main cause of Alzheimer's disease. Clinical trials have shown that Aducanumab can reduce amyloid beta and improve cognition. However, there is controversy surrounding its limitations, costs, and side effects. This review focuses on the mechanism of action of Aducanumab and discusses both the positive and negative aspects of the therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bruno P. Imbimbo, Stefania Ippati, Mark Watling, Camillo Imbimbo
Summary: According to the beta-amyloid (A beta) hypothesis, brain A beta accumulation is the primary cause of cognitive deficit and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While many anti-A beta drugs have failed in clinical trials, recent studies have shown encouraging results for antibodies that clear amyloid plaques. These findings suggest that decreased levels of soluble monomeric A beta may be the main driver of AD, rather than the aggregated forms.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lei Liu, Hyunchang Kwak, Trebor L. Lawton, Shan-Xue Jin, Angela L. Meunier, Yifan Dang, Beth Ostaszewski, Alison C. Pietras, Andrew M. Stern, Dennis J. Selkoe
Summary: The study developed a new method for detecting and quantifying soluble oligomers of amyloid beta protein in human plasma. The method is highly sensitive, cost-effective, and suitable for high throughput analysis.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel C. Ellwanger, Shoutang Wang, Simone Brioschi, Zhifei Shao, Lydia Green, Ryan Case, Daniel Yoo, Dawn Weishuhn, Palaniswami Rathanaswami, Jodi Bradley, Sara Rao, Diana Cha, Peng Luan, Shilpa Sambashivan, Susan Gilfillan, Samuel A. Hasson, Ian N. Foltz, Menno van Lookeren Campagne, Marco Colonna
Summary: TREM2 plays a critical role in microglia activation trajectories, with ligand engagement being essential for certain activation pathways. Activation trajectories induced by stimuli are more prominent in female mice than male mice. Injection of hT2AB can replenish depleted microglial pools lacking certain activation trajectories.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lei Liu, Bianca M. Lauro, Amy He, Hyo Lee, Sanjay Bhattarai, Michael S. Wolfe, David A. Bennett, Celeste M. Karch, Tracy Young-Pearse, Dennis J. Selkoe
Summary: This study aims to identify biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and finds that the A beta 37/42 ratio can be used to distinguish AD from normal aging. Experimental results show that this ratio outperforms the traditional ratio in differentiating physiological and pathological states in cell culture, brain tissue, and cerebrospinal fluid. The findings may provide a new indicator for early diagnosis of AD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ling-Zhi Ma, Hao Hu, Zuo-Teng Wang, Ya-Nan Ou, Qiang Dong, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: The study found that early accumulation of A beta protein in Alzheimer's disease has an independent effect on cognitive decline in normal controls, but has a tau and neurodegeneration-dependent effect on subsequent cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mari Aksnes, Hans Christian D. Aass, Ann Tiiman, Lars Terenius, Nenad Bogdanovi, Vladana Vukojevi, Anne-Brita Knapskog
Summary: In this small pilot study, there was no association between serum nanoplaques and serum cytokines in patients assessed at a memory clinic. This suggests that serum nanoplaque levels cannot be used to differentiate clinical AD patients from non-AD patients in this unselected memory clinic cohort.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioanna Tsantzali, Fotini Boufidou, Eleni Sideri, Antonis Mavromatos, Myrto G. Papaioannou, Aikaterini Foska, Ioannis Tollos, Sotirios G. Paraskevas, Anastasios Bonakis, Konstantinos I. Voumvourakis, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Elisabeth Kapaki, George P. Paraskevas
Summary: Analysis of classical cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, especially in the context of a diagnostic system like AT(N), can be a significant tool for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease accurately during a patient's lifetime. Despite atypical clinical presentations, the classical biomarker profile was consistent with Alzheimer's disease in four patients, demonstrating the potential usefulness of these biomarkers for identifying the biochemical fingerprints of the disease.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Bibin Anand, Qi Wu, Maryam Nakhaei-Nejad, Govindarajan Karthivashan, Lyudmyla Dorosh, Sara Amidian, Abhishek Dahal, Xiuju Li, Maria Stepanova, Holger Wille, Fabrizio Giuliani, Satyabrata Kar
Summary: Native PLGA nanoparticles show therapeutic potential in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by suppressing aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides, triggering their disassembly, reducing phosphorylation of tau protein, enhancing neuronal viability, and attenuating memory deficits and A beta levels in animal models of AD.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chelsea Marie T. Parrocha, James S. Nowick
Summary: In this review, the development of A β and tau peptide vaccines and immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies in clinical trials against AD is explored. The revival and expedited review of promising monoclonal antibody immunotherapies targeting A β has attracted significant attention.