Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jingjing Cao, Chengjia Ding, Jieen Huang, Yanzhu Chen, Yi Chen
Summary: This study investigated the role of pulmonary vascular glycocalyx degradation in acute lung injury in rats with severe heatstroke. The shedding of glycocalyx aggravated lung injuries, increased vascular permeability, and aggravated vascular endothelial dysfunction, leading to apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidation in the pulmonary tissues.
Article
Immunology
Carlos A. Alvarez, Emily Qian, Leandre M. Glendenning, Kalob M. Reynero, Emily N. Kukan, Brian A. Cobb
Summary: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by leukocyte infiltration and tissue remodeling, is associated with increased glycan fucosylation in airway epithelial cells. This modification is important for the recruitment of eosinophils and neutrophils.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Haixiong Tang, Zemin Chen, Sudan Gan, Yan Liang, Hailing Zhang, Changyun Yang, Liqin Lin, Yubiao Guo, Shiyue Li, Jing Li, Lihong Yao
Summary: This study demonstrates the crucial role of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in the dysfunction of epithelial tight junctions during the development of acute lung injury (ALI).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pratap Karki, Boyoung Cha, Chen-Ou Zhang, Yue Li, Yunbo Ke, Kamoltip Promnares, Kozo Kaibuchi, Akihiko Yoshimura, Konstantin G. Birukov, Anna A. Birukova
Summary: SOCS1 negatively regulates inflammatory reaction and controls endothelial dysfunction by targeting microtubules, which is essential for its protective effects against endothelial permeability and inflammation.
Article
Physiology
Lichun Wang, Eleftheria Letsiou, Huashan Wang, Patrick Belvitch, Lucille N. Meliton, Mary E. Brown, Mounica Bandela, Jiwang Chen, Joe G. N. Garcia, Steven M. Dudek
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of FTY720 S-phosphonate (Tys) in protecting against lung endothelial barrier disruption induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results demonstrated that Tys effectively protected lung endothelial cells from barrier disruption and attenuated MRSA-induced inflammatory signaling in vitro. In vivo experiments further showed that Tys reduced lung permeability and levels of inflammatory cells in response to MRSA, indicating its potential as a therapeutic strategy for ARDS.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine U. Vohwinkel, Ethan J. Coit, Nana Burns, Hanan Elajaili, Daniel Hernandez-Saavedra, Xiaoyi Yuan, Tobias Eckle, Eva Nozik, Rubin M. Tuder, Holger K. Eltzschig
Summary: Targeting alveolar-epithelial SDHA can dampen ALI through succinate-mediated stabilization of HIF1A. This has important implications for attenuating alveolar inflammation in patients suffering from ARDS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alyssa Elmore, Ali Almuntashiri, Xiaoyun Wang, Sultan Almuntashiri, Duo Zhang
Summary: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening lung diseases. Surfactant protein-D (SP-D) has been extensively studied and found to have superior discriminatory ability for the diagnosis of ARDS. Recombinant SP-D shows potential as a drug for the treatment of ALI.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi Yang, Makhloufi Zoulikha, Qingqing Xiao, Feifei Huang, Qi Jiang, Xiaotong Li, Zhenfeng Wu, Wei He
Summary: This study developed a pulmonary endothelium-targeted codelivery system that can simultaneously deliver anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drugs, with high drug loading and the ability to target pulmonary endothelial cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the formulation, highlighting its importance in alleviating lung inflammation and improving lung health.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hongbo Wang, Jing Li, Jianbo Jin, Jingbo Hu, Chunlin Yang
Summary: This study found that VCAM@TPP-MLT NLCs have significant therapeutic effects on acute lung injury (ALI), showing promising potential as an efficient treatment strategy. The NLCs can effectively reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve cell apoptosis through targeted delivery to lung tissues.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessio Filippo Peritore, Ramona D'Amico, Rosalba Siracusa, Marika Cordaro, Roberta Fusco, Enrico Gugliandolo, Tiziana Genovese, Rosalia Crupi, Rosanna Di Paola, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Daniela Impellizzeri
Summary: The study demonstrated that ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) reduced lung damage, inflammation cell infiltration, and cytokine release in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. um-PEA may exert its anti-inflammatory effects possibly through the p38/NF-kappa B pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhun Sun, Anning Chen, Hongwei Fang, Donglin Sun, Meiying Huang, Erdeng Cheng, Mengyuan Luo, Xiaoren Zhang, Hao Fang, Guojun Qian
Summary: This study reveals that IL-10 derived from B cells plays a critical role in the resolution of acute lung injury (ALI). IL-10 inhibits inflammation and reduces leukocyte infiltration and prolonged damage. This finding has potential implications for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ngan Nguyen, Simin Xu, Terence Yin Weng Lam, Wupeng Liao, W. S. Fred Wong, Ruowen Ge
Summary: This study reveals that ISM1 plays an anti-inflammatory role in acute lung injury (ALI), and its deficiency leads to intensified acute lung inflammation and increased post-ALI lung fibrosis. Recombinant ISM1 effectively suppresses acute lung inflammation and ALI, and inhibits NF-κB activation in mouse alveolar macrophages.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jung Yeon Hong, Mi Na Kim, Eun Gyul Kim, Jae Woo Lee, Hye Rin Kim, Soo Yeon Kim, Soon Min Lee, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn
Summary: Exposure to high oxygen concentrations leads to excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, causing cellular injury and multiple organ dysfunctions. Clusterin (CLU) expression is increased during prolonged hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and replenishment of CLU can alleviate hyperoxia-induced cell death.
Review
Microbiology
Xin Zhou, Youxia Liao
Summary: The pathogenesis of septic ALI/ARDS is complex and multifactorial, mainly due to systemic and local inflammatory responses caused by various factors disrupting immune homeostasis, which can initiate and exacerbate ALI/ARDS.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Livia Interdonato, Ramona D'amico, Marika Cordaro, Rosalba Siracusa, Roberta Fusco, Alessio Filippo Peritore, Enrico Gugliandolo, Rosalia Crupi, Stefano Coaccioli, Tiziana Genovese, Daniela Impellizzeri, Rosanna Di Paola, Salvatore Cuzzocrea
Summary: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and devastating clinical disorder with a high mortality rate and no specific therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Adelmidrol (ADM) in a mice model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ADM administration reduced lung damage, airway infiltration, and oxidative stress by regulating mast cells and antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest that ADM could be a potential candidate in the management of ALI.
Article
Anesthesiology
Paulo Henrique Xavier, Ana Carolina Fernandes Fonseca, Leonardo Alves Goncalves, Giselle Cavalho de Sousa, Mariana Coelho da Silva, Raquel Ferreira de Magalhaes Sacramento, Cynthia dos Santos Samary, Mayck Medeiros, Fernanda Ferreira Cruz, Vera Luiza Capelozzi, Nathane Satanna Felix, Paolo Pelosi, John J. Marini, Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco, Pedro Leme Silva
Summary: This study found that gradually increasing respiratory rate can mitigate ventilation-induced lung injury in rats with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, using a recruitment maneuver can prevent the injurious biologic impact of abrupt increases in respiratory rate.
Article
Cell Biology
Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda, Johnatas Dutra Silva, Nicol Parada, Luisa Helena Andrade da Silva, Fernanda Ferreira Cruz, Yildy Utreras, Yessia Hidalgo, Maria Ignacia Cadiz, Rafael Tapia Limonchi, Francisco Espinoza, Alejandro Bruhn, Maroun Khoury, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Jimena Cuenca
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of cryopreserved MenSCs on ARDS and determine the optimal therapeutic dose, safety, and efficacy. The results showed that clinical-grade cryo-MenSCs can improve lung function, reduce alveolar collapse and tissue cellularity, and modulate inflammatory mediators, promoting angiogenesis and anti-apoptotic effects. The optimal therapeutic dose of 4x10(6) cells/kg was safe and effective, favoring improved lung function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia G. Blanco, Natalia M. Machado, Ligia L. L. Castro, Mariana A. A. Antunes, Christina M. M. Takiya, Monique R. O. Trugilho, Luana R. R. Silva, Adriana F. Paes F. Leme, Romenia R. Domingues, Bianca A. A. Pauletti, Beatriz T. T. Miranda, Johnatas D. D. Silva, Claudia C. C. dos Santos, Pedro L. L. Silva, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Fernanda F. F. Cruz
Summary: The effects of different sources of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), including those obtained from bone marrow (BM), adipose (AD), or lung (L) tissues, on sepsis were investigated. The proteome analysis of EVs revealed that BM-EVs were associated with less organ damage compared with AD-EVs and L-EVs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chirag M. Vaswani, Amir K. Varkouhi, Sahil Gupta, Amin M. Ektesabi, James N. Tsoporis, Sadiya Yousef, Pamela J. Plant, Adriana L. da Silva, Yuchen Cen, Yi-Chieh Tseng, Sabrina S. Batah, Alexandre T. Fabro, Suzanne L. Advani, Andrew Advani, Howard Leong-Poi, John C. Marshall, Cristiana C. Garcia, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Guillermo M. Albaiceta, Steffen Sebastian-Bolz, Tania H. Watts, Theo J. Moraes, Vera L. Capelozzi, Claudia. C. dos Santos
Summary: Virus-induced lung injury is associated with loss of pulmonary epithelial-endothelial tight junction integrity. The influenza virus exploits miR-193b-5p to target occludin and evade the host antiviral defense system. Inhibiting miR-193b-5p enhances antiviral responses, reduces lung injury, and improves survival.
Article
Physiology
Carla M. Silva, Debora S. Ornellas, Felipe M. Ornellas, Raquel S. Santos, Sabrina V. Martini, Debora Ferreira, Caroline Muiler, Fernanda F. Cruz, Christina M. Takiya, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Marcelo M. Morales, Pedro L. Silva
Summary: This study evaluated the early effects of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BMDMC) therapy on lung and kidney in experimental polymicrobial sepsis. The results showed that BMDMC therapy can reduce lung and kidney damage in a time-dependent manner. Therefore, BMDMCs may represent a potential therapy for sepsis induction.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Denise Battaglini, Brigitta Fazzini, Pedro Leme Silva, Fernanda Ferreira Cruz, Lorenzo Ball, Chiara Robba, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Paolo Pelosi
Summary: Over the last decade, management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has advanced significantly in terms of supportive and pharmacologic therapies. Lung protective mechanical ventilation is crucial for ARDS management, with recommendations including low tidal volume, plateau pressure, and driving pressure. Other therapies such as recruitment maneuvers and prone positioning are considered for severe ARDS cases. Despite extensive research, effective pharmacotherapies for ARDS are yet to be found, but sub-phenotypes of ARDS have shown potential for personalized pharmacologic treatments.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucas Rodrigues de Moraes, Chiara Robba, Denise Battaglini, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Pedro Leme Silva
Summary: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and can lead to severe respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). Noninvasive respiratory support (NRS), MV, and ECMO are used as treatment strategies. Lung imaging advances have improved understanding of COVID-19 and ventilatory strategies. This review aims to discuss evidence on NRS devices and strategies, personalized MV management based on COVID-19 pathophysiology, and the use of rescue strategies like ECMO in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cassia Lisboa Braga, Renata Trabach Santos, Carla Medeiros da Silva, Nazareth de Novaes Rocha, Nathane Santanna Felix, Mayck Medeiros, Monique Martins Melo, Johnatas Dutra Silva, Douglas Esteves Teixeira, Celso Caruso Neves, Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco, Fernanda Ferreira Cruz, Pedro Leme Silva
Summary: This study evaluated the preconditioning effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The results showed that BM-MSCs and EVs preconditioned under normoxia or hypoxia were effective in reducing right ventricular pressure, perivascular collagen content, and vascular wall thickness in PAH rats. Additionally, they also played a positive role in improving endothelial to mesenchymal transition.
Article
Anesthesiology
Denise Battaglini, Lara Delpiano, Denise Masuello, Pedro Leme Silva, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Basil Matta, Paolo Pelosi, Chiara Robba
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PEEP augmentation test on brain oxygenation, systemic oxygen cascade, and metabolism in patients with acute brain injury. The results showed that PEEP augmentation test did not affect cerebral oxygenation, systemic oxygen cascade parameters, and metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING AND COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Taina B. Oliveira, Cassia L. Braga, Denise Battaglini, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Pedro L. Silva, Fernanda F. Cruz
Summary: This study compared the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on immune responses and cytokine expression in rats with sepsis. The results showed that sevoflurane increased the expression of anti-inflammatory biomarkers in monocytes, enhanced their phagocytic capacity, and increased neutrophil migration. Sevoflurane also protected lung epithelial and endothelial cells. in contrast, propofol had less significant effects.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Eduardo Butturini de Carvalho, Denise Battaglini, Chiara Robba, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco, Pedro Leme Silva
Summary: Ventilatory management can be influenced by restrictive and liberal fluid strategies, potentially leading to damage to distal organs in critically ill patients. Pre-clinical studies have assessed the effects of different fluid strategies on ventilator-induced lung injury, both during and after changes in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Patients on mechanical ventilation can receive intravenous fluids through either restrictive or liberal fluid management. However, there is a lack of clear differentiation between these two strategies in the literature. Restrictive fluid management may result in hypoperfusion and distal organ damage, while liberal fluid strategy can cause various complications such as endothelial shear stress, glycocalyx damage, cardiovascular issues, lung edema, and distal organ dysfunction. The combination of liberal fluids and pressure-support ventilation, but not pressure control ventilation, may lead to further lung damage. This narrative review aims to provide a better understanding of the interaction between different fluid and ventilation strategies and their impact on the lungs and distal organs. The weaning phase of mechanical ventilation and the deresuscitation phase are not covered in this review.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
A. L. Silva, C. M. Bessa, N. D. Rocha, R. F. Magalhaes, E. B. Carvalho, C. Robba, P. Pelosi, C. D. Samary, P. R. Rocco, P. L. Silva
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
P. L. Silva, C. L. Braga, R. T. Trabach, S. S. D. Serra, N. D. Rocha, S. C. Mandacaru, M. R. D. Trugilho, F. F. Cruz, P. R. Rocco
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
C. C. Araujo, R. S. Santos, N. N. Rocha, N. S. Felix, V. L. Capelozzi, G. Cipriano Junior, P. L. Silva, P. R. M. Rocco
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christoph Boesing, Laura Schaefer, Peter T. Graf, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Thomas Luecke, Joerg Krebs
Summary: In ARDS patients treated with VV ECMO, adjusting PEEP to 10 cmH(2)O can reduce MP, improve hemodynamic parameters, and increase oxygen delivery.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Alyssa R. Mickle, Jesus D. Penaloza-Aponte, Richard Coffey, Natale A. Hall, David Baekey, Erica A. Dale
Summary: Closed-loop epidural stimulation (CL-ES) can improve respiratory deficits caused by cervical spinal cord injury, restoring diaphragm activity and enhancing contralateral activity. This treatment has the potential to lead to lasting recovery and device independence.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Shawn Miller Jr, Edgar Juarez Lopez, Jessica M. L. Grittner, Brendan J. Dougherty
Summary: This study tested the impact of CO2 supplementation at different concentrations on ventilatory long-term facilitation (vLTF) in rats and found that 2% CO2 supplementation during and after acute, intermittent hypoxia (AIH) was sufficient to maintain isocapnia and induce significant vLTF.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Behnam Vafadari, Yoshitaka Oku, Charlotte Tacke, Ali Harb, Swen Huelsmann
Summary: The preBo·tzinger Complex (preBo·tC) in the brainstem plays a critical role in generating respiratory rhythm. This study aimed to investigate the activity of inhibitory glycinergic neurons in the preBo·tC of anesthetized mice. Using juxtacellular recordings and optogenetic activation, the researchers were able to identify and characterize the activity pattern of these inhibitory neurons in relation to the breathing rhythm.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Stephen M. Johnson, Maia G. Gumnit, Sarah M. Johnson, Tracy L. Baker, Jyoti J. Watters
Summary: Low-level activation of mu-opioid receptors can increase the amplitude of inspiratory bursts in neonatal rat brainstem-spinal cord preparations. Endomorphin-2, an endogenous ligand for these receptors, was found to have similar effects. Disinhibition of inhibitory synaptic transmission may not be involved in the changes induced by endomorphin-2, and different mechanisms may underlie the increase in burst amplitude and decrease in burst frequency.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Raphael Martins de Abreu, Beatrice Cairo, Patricia Rehder-Santos, Claudio Donisete da Silva, Etore De Favari Signini, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Camila Akemi Sakaguchi, Aparecida Maria Catai, Alberto Porta
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between exercise capacity based on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and resting cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) levels. The results showed that resting CRC values were associated with exercise capacity in athletes but not in non-athletes.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Sarah M. Russel, Raluca E. Gosman, Katherine Gonzalez, Joshua Wright, Dennis O. Frank-Ito
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the response of different nasal morphologies to airflow-related variables during rapid/deep inspiration. The results showed that notched nasal vestibules had higher resistance values and airflow velocities, while standard nasal vestibules had higher mucosal heat flux. Different nasal phenotypes may predispose individuals to exercise-induced rhinitis.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Lukas Martvon, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Jakub Misek, Lucia Cibulkova, Kimberly E. Iceman, Donald C. Bolser, Teresa Pitts
Summary: An animal model study evaluated the effects of an abdominal incision on cough and swallow, revealing that abdominal wall manipulations can increase pharyngeal muscle activity during swallow without affecting the cough reflex. Swallowing tended to occur more during the inspiratory phase. The results highlight the important role of abdominal wall sensory feedback in regulating swallow motor patterns.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Rui Yu, Tatsuma Okazaki, Yuzhuo Ren, Junko Okuyama, Satoru Ebihara, Shin-Ichi Izumi
Summary: Body postures significantly influence respiratory muscle force, cough pressure, subjective ease of coughing, and pulmonary function. The 60-degree semi-recumbent posture and sitting posture show better results compared to the supine posture.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Suzuna Sato, Koji Ishida, Noriko I. Tanaka, Keisho Katayama
Summary: Respiratory muscle endurance training has beneficial effects on whole-body endurance performance. A novel high-intensity interval (HII) protocol is found to enhance the efficacy of respiratory muscle training programs.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Letter
Physiology
R. Arieli
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Correction
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Zuzana Kotmanova, Teresa Pitts, Jan Hanacek, Jana Plevkova, Peter Machac, Nadezda Visnovcova, Jakub Misek, Jan Jakus
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Dimitrios I. Bourdas, Nickos D. Geladas
Summary: This study examined the effects of breath-hold training on the performance of novice and elite breath-hold divers. The results showed that breath-hold training significantly improved red blood cell concentration, hemoglobin oxygen saturation steady state duration, and breath-hold time in novice divers. Elite divers had better breath-hold performance and higher peak mean arterial pressure compared to novices. The study suggests that breath-hold training can enhance the performance of divers.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
