Article
Cell Biology
Kaleen M. Lavin, Margaret B. Bell, Jeremy S. McAdam, Bailey D. Peck, R. Grace Walton, Samuel T. Windham, S. Craig Tuggle, Douglas E. Long, Philip A. Kern, Charlotte A. Peterson, Marcas M. Bamman
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance exercise training, revealing that interindividual differences in baseline gene expression may play a more significant role in determining muscle hypertrophic response heterogeneity than changes in gene networks induced by exercise.
PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Audrey Vingadassalon, Florence Lorieux, Maud Juguet, Alba Noel, Luisa D. F. Santos, Laura Marin Fernandez, Jean-Luc Pernodet, Stephanie Bury-Mone, Sylvie Lautru
Summary: The production of specialized metabolites by Streptomyces bacteria is typically regulated temporally and involves global and pathway-specific mechanisms. The biosynthesis of congocidine, a pyrrolamide metabolite, in Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC23877 is controlled by the transcriptional regulator Cgc1. This study reveals a new feed-forward induction mechanism in which congocidine induces its own biosynthesis by activating the transcription of cgc1.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Paolo Miotto, Rita Sorrentino, Stefano De Giorgi, Roberta Provvedi, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Riccardo Manganelli
Summary: Bacterial drug resistance poses a serious threat to human health, with tuberculosis being a high-risk infection due to limited drugs available against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug resistance in bacteria is often caused by point mutations in drug targets, but changes in transcriptional regulation post-drug exposure also play a significant role and should be further explored for potential new drug targets and intervention strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Vinay Kumar Rao, Dipanwita Das, Reshma Taneja
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome characterized by significant weight loss predominantly caused by the loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Despite the focus on inflammatory factors for developing therapeutics, a comprehensive understanding of deregulated signaling and catabolic gene expression is necessary for developing new therapies to treat cancer cachexia.
Article
Cell Biology
Jiechun Zhu, Yuehong Wang, Alexis Rivett, Guangdong Yang
Summary: Either H2S or iron is essential for cellular processes and abnormal metabolism increases risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study examines the mutual interplay of iron and H2S signals in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) functions. The results show that deficiency of CSE induces iron accumulation, while NaHS administration attenuates iron accumulation. In vitro experiments demonstrate that iron overload promotes cell proliferation and disrupts SMC-specific markers, which can be reversed by NaHS.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Michael D. Roberts, John J. McCarthy, Troy A. Hornberger, Stuart M. Phillips, Abigail L. Mackey, Gustavo A. Nader, Marni D. Boppart, Andreas N. Kavazis, Paul T. Reidy, Riki Ogasawara, Cleiton A. Libardi, Carlos Ugrinowitsch, Frank W. Booth, Karyn A. Esser
Summary: Mechanisms underlying mechanical overload-induced muscle hypertrophy have been extensively researched. Most studies support the involvement of enhanced mTORC1 signaling, expansion of translational capacity, increased satellite cell abundance and myonuclear accretion, and increased muscle protein synthesis rates. However, additional mechanisms may also be involved.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin L. de Keijzer, Javier Raya Gonzalez, Marco Beato
Summary: This umbrella review provides a detailed summary of how flywheel training enhances strength and physical capacities in healthy and athletic populations. The research shows that flywheel training can effectively enhance acute strength and physical capacities in athletes and healthy populations. It is also found to be a valid alternative to traditional resistance training for enhancing muscular strength, power, and jump performance. However, there is some inconsistency in the improvement of sprint performance with elite athletes.
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Peng, Xiaoli Liu, Wanshan Hu, Yanling Zhou, Lianlian Ouyang, Xintong Peng, Yao Long, Jingyue Sun, Tania Tao, Ling Chen, Ying Shi, Yongguang Tao, Desheng Xiao, Shuang Liu
Summary: In lung adenocarcinoma, overexpression of HOXC11 is associated with worse survival and is regulated by IKK alpha. HOXC11 promotes lung cancer progression by enhancing the expression of SPHK1 through directly binding to its promoter region.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Min Ju Kang, Ji Wook Moon, Jung Ok Lee, Ji Hae Kim, Eun Jeong Jung, Su Jin Kim, Joo Yeon Oh, Sang Woo Wu, Pu Reum Lee, Sun Hwa Park, Hyeon Soo Kim
Summary: The study demonstrates that metformin impairs muscle function by regulating myostatin in muscle cells through the AMPK-FoxO3a-HDAC6 axis. The muscle-wasting effect of metformin is more pronounced in wild-type mice compared to db/db mice, suggesting more complex mechanisms may be involved in metformin-induced muscle dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stela Mirla da Silva Felipe, Raquel Martins de Freitas, Emanuel Diego dos Santos Penha, Christina Pacheco, Danilo Lopes Martins, Juliana Osorio Alves, Paula Matias Soares, Adriano Cesar Carneiro Loureiro, Tanes Lima, Leonardo R. Silveira, Alex Soares Marreiros Ferraz, Jorge Estefano Santana de Souza, Jose Henrique Leal-Cardoso, Denise P. Carvalho, Vania Marilande Ceccatto
Summary: The study investigated the transcriptional profile of strenuous exercise in rat soleus muscle, identifying 80 differentially expressed genes and key pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling and cell proliferation/degeneration. These findings suggest a transient and dynamic process in cell signaling transcription networks after acute strenuous exercise.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Mattia Furlan, Stefano de Pretis, Mattia Pelizzola
Summary: Despite RNA abundance being commonly assumed as a proxy for transcriptional activity, it is now possible to calculate how synthesis, processing, and degradation rates collectively determine the abundance of each gene's RNA. Different transcriptional outputs can correspond to different combinations of kinetic rates, indicating the existence of markedly different modes of gene expression regulation and their profound effects on gene self-expression regulation.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Eddie Tam, Hye K. Sung, Gary Sweeney
Summary: Iron overload leads to insulin resistance in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Overexpression of MitoNEET can protect against iron accumulation in the mitochondria and subsequent insulin resistance. Iron overload increases mitochondrial iron content, ROS production, mitochondrial fission, and decreases insulin-stimulated Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. MitoNEET overexpression attenuates these effects and upregulates levels of PGC1 alpha protein.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Joshua S. Crane, Brennan J. Thompson, David C. Harrell, Eadric Bressel, Edward M. Heath
Summary: This study compared the effects of high-frequency and low-frequency eccentric resistance training on short-term muscle function adaptations. The results showed that both high-frequency and low-frequency training protocols resulted in significant improvements in strength and lower-body function. The high-frequency training group reported lower perceived exertion and soreness levels.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Botella, Nicholas A. Jamnick, Cesare Granata, Amanda J. Genders, Enrico Perri, Tamim Jabar, Andrew Garnham, Michael Lazarou, David J. Bishop
Summary: Autophagy is an important mechanism for cells to degrade old or dysfunctional proteins and organelles. The effects of exercise on autophagosome content markers differ between rodents and humans. The decrease in LC3B-II protein levels induced by exercise in humans does not reflect a decreased autophagy flux.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Liu, Yidan Jiang, Zheng Jiang, Yue Feng, Ruqian Zhao
Summary: Tissue-specific transcriptional regulation of Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) plays a role in the differential inflammation responses between the liver and muscle in piglets under LPS stimulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Edmund Battey, Regula Furrer, Jacob Ross, Christoph Handschin, Julien Ochala, Matthew J. Stroud
Summary: PGC-1α plays a critical role in myonuclear accretion during adaptation to endurance training, especially in larger muscle fibers. Myonuclear accretion in PGC-1α mKO mice is slightly affected with increasing fiber size, but is significantly altered in trained larger fibers compared to sedentary mice, highlighting the importance of PGC-1α in myonuclear accretion in these fibers.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Geraldine Maier, Julien Delezie, Pal O. Westermark, Gesa Santos, Danilo Ritz, Christoph Handschin
Summary: The study found that exercising in the early daytime can trigger energy provisioning and tissue regeneration, while early nighttime exercise activates stress-related and catabolic pathways. Scheduled training has limited effects on the muscle and liver circadian clocks, but exercising at different times of day results in vastly different activation of signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joaquin Perez-Schindler, Bastian Kohl, Konstantin Schneider-Heieck, Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Carlos Henriquez-Olguin, Volkan Adak, Geraldine Maier, Julien Delezie, Thomas Sakoparnig, Elyzabeth Vargas-Fernandez, Bettina Karrer-Cardel, Danilo Ritz, Alexander Schmidt, Maria Hondele, Thomas E. Jensen, Sebastian Hiller, Christoph Handschin
Summary: This research has revealed the central role of the C-terminal domain of PGC-1 alpha in transcriptional regulation, showing its function in assembling multiprotein complexes to control gene transcription and RNA processing in liquid-like nuclear condensates. The compartmentalization of active transcription mediated by liquid-liquid phase separation in skeletal muscle provides insight into how PGC1 alpha regulates complex transcriptional networks, offering a broad conceptual framework for context-dependent transcriptional control of phenotypic adaptations in metabolically active tissues.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Regula Furrer, Stefan A. Steurer, Konstantin Schneider-Heieck, Bettina Karrer-Cardel, Yves Sagot, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Administration of rIL-6 paired with exercise enhances endurance performance, muscle function, motor coordination, and gait improvements in old mice, while being safe and well tolerated.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Ham, Anastasiya Borsch, Kathrin Chojnowska, Shuo Lin, Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Alexander S. Ham, Marco Thurkauf, Julien Delezie, Regula Furrer, Dominik Burri, Michael Sinnreich, Christoph Handschin, Lionel A. Tintignac, Mihaela Zavolan, Nitish Mittal, Markus A. Ruegg
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Ham, Anastasiya Boersch, Kathrin Chojnowska, Shuo Lin, Aurel B. Leuchtman, Alexander S. Ham, Marco Thuerkauf, Julien Delezie, Regula Furrer, Dominik Burri, Michael Sinnreich, Christoph Handschin, Lionel A. Tintignac, Mihaela Zavolan, Nitish Mittal, Markus A. Rueegg
Summary: The anti-aging intervention calorie restriction (CR) is thought to act via the nutrient-sensing multiprotein complex mTORC1. However, this study showed that the mTORC1-inhibitor rapamycin and CR use largely distinct mechanisms to slow mouse muscle aging.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Shivani Mansingh, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Circadian rhythms regulate physiological processes and exercise training improves their disruptions. Molecular clock factors play a role in skeletal muscle adaptation but the mechanisms are not well understood.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Streese, Jeannine Liffert, Walthard Vilser, Christoph Handschin, Henner Hanssen
Summary: This study investigates the inter- and intraobserver variability for the assessment of central retinal arteriolar and venular diameter in mice, and finds that the use of fluorescein contrast enhancement can optimize measurement variability.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joaquin Perez-Schindler, Elyzabeth Vargas-Fernandez, Bettina Karrer-Cardel, Danilo Ritz, Alexander Schmidt, Christoph Handschin
Summary: This study comprehensively profiles the transcriptional response to lipotoxicity in hepatocytes by integrating transcriptomic, proteomic, and chromatin accessibility analyses. It reveals transcription factor networks deregulated by NASH and lipotoxicity and validates the predictions by genetic deletion of MAFK and TCF4. The results provide insights into cell stress mitigation, cell survival, growth, and the molecular mechanisms of NASH.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katerina Novakova, Michael Toeroek, Miljenko Panajatovic, Jamal Bouitbir, Francois H. T. Duong, Christoph Handschin, Stephan Kraehenbuehl
Summary: The transcription of the SLC22A5 gene is regulated by PPAR-alpha and MEF2 transcription factors. PGC-1 alpha and the p38 MAPK signaling cascade also play a role in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Regula Furrer, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Ageing is a biological process linked to functional decline and death. There are differences in life- and healthspan, representing life expectancy and years without major diseases. The genetic and molecular mechanisms of ageing and its connection to diseases are still poorly understood. However, there are compounds that can affect this process. This review discusses pharmacological and non-pharmacological anti-ageing approaches, as well as strategies to mitigate age-related pathologies and extend life- and healthspan.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Regula Furrer, John A. Hawley, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Human skeletal muscle exhibits remarkable plasticity, adapting to various external stimuli, including contractile loading. However, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing muscle plasticity across different exercise levels is incomplete. As a result, training methods for elite athletes are often based on trial and error, with post hoc scientific research being informed by successful coaches and athletes' experiences. This review provides an overview of morphological and functional changes, as well as molecular mechanisms underlying exercise adaptation, with a focus on genetic and individual differences in exercise capacity and performance, particularly in aging athletes. Overall, it comprehensively explores skeletal muscle plasticity in response to different modes of exercise and its translation from molecules to medals.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Svenia Schmid, Barbara Heim-Kupr, Joaquin Perez-Schindler, Shivani Mansingh, Markus Beer, Nitish Mittal, Nikolaus Ehrenfeuchter, Christoph Handschin
Summary: This study reveals the role of PGC-1β in the regulation of catabolic pathways in muscle-specific loss-of-function mouse models. PGC-1β plays a crucial role in protein breakdown, muscle mass preservation, and function.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Yasmine Afifi, Danilo Ritz, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Exercise promotes and preserves various functions in the body but the molecular mechanisms behind these adaptations are not well understood. To study specific exercise adaptations, standardized training interventions are necessary. In this study, we examined the changes and adaptations in mice following low-resistance and high-resistance wheel running. Both groups showed improvements in body composition and oxygen uptake, but there were differences in running performance and muscle strength between the two interventions. Thus, the study suggests that different training modalities have varying effects on specific aspects of fitness.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura M. de Smalen, Anastasiya Borsch, Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Jonathan F. Gill, Danilo Ritz, Mihaela Zavolan, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, can significantly impact quality of life and mortality. This study found that mitochondrial proteostasis plays an important role in muscle aging and highlights the positive effects of exercise on mitochondrial protein synthesis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)