Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xiang-lu Li, Qiu-fang Su, Rong-jian Jia, Zi-dun Wang, Jiang-hong Fu, Jian-hua Guo, Hui-Juan Yang, Zheng-yang Zhao
Summary: This study focused on the variations in fruit firmness, cell wall morphology and components, the activity of cell wall hydrolytic enzymes and the expression patterns of associated genes during fruit development in two different types of apple cultivars. It was found that differences in cell wall components, hydrolytic enzyme activities, and gene expression patterns may be responsible for the variations in fruit texture. The morphology and arrangement of fruit cells also play a role in determining fruit texture.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Han Jiang, Qi-Jun Ma, Ming-Shuang Zhong, Huai-Na Gao, Yuan-Yuan Li, Yu-Jin Hao
Summary: In this study, MdPAT16 was identified as a key player in mediating salt stress response in apple plants through palmitoylation of target proteins. Overexpression of MdPAT16 improved plant salt stress resistance and promoted the accumulation of soluble sugars. Furthermore, MdPAT16 was shown to interact with MdCBL1 and stabilize its protein levels through palmitoylation, suggesting a potential missing link in the plant salt stress response pathway.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alexandra Buergy, Agnes Rolland-Sabate, Alexandre Leca, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: The impact of apple cultivars and processing methods on the texture of purees was investigated in this study. Viscosity of purees varied significantly between different cultivars, with Granny Smith cultivar showing the highest viscosity due to its firm fruits and large particles. Mealy Braeburn apples had lower viscosity purees compared to non-mealy ones, attributed to reduced cell adhesion. Processing method also affected the viscosity of purees, with high temperature-low shear process resulting in more viscous purees.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xingqiang Fan, Yuqi Li, Cecilia H. H. Deng, Shiyao Wang, Zijun Wang, Yi Wang, Changpeng Qiu, Xuefeng Xu, Zhenhai Han, Wei Li
Summary: Propagation through stem cuttings is a popular method for clonal propagation of certain tree species. This study investigates the regulatory mechanisms of adventitious root formation in apple trees. The research identifies the gene MdBRC1 as a key player in inhibiting adventitious root formation. The study also proposes potential target genes and the use of CRISPR technology to enhance adventitious root formation in woody plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifeng Feng, Shanshan Li, Rongjian Jia, Jie Yang, Qiufang Su, Zhengyang Zhao
Summary: Exposure to high-intensity sunlight can lead to sunburn on fruits, causing damage to peel cell structure and color changes. Fruits initially try to enhance photosynthetic protection ability and antioxidant enzyme activity in response to external injury.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Caiping Huang, Bangzhu Peng
Summary: A high-performance nitrogen-doped chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposite was successfully prepared by a simple precipitation method and showed significant photocatalytic activities for the degradation of patulin in apple juice. The nanocomposite effectively degraded patulin within 35 minutes under ultraviolet irradiation, with little impact on the quality of apple juice.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hui Wang, Shuang Wang, Miao-Miao Fan, Shu-Hui Zhang, Lu-Long Sun, Zheng-Yang Zhao
Summary: Bagging is an important technique for producing high-quality fruits, but it can lead to browning in apple peel due to changes in microenvironment, destruction of cell structure, decrease in flavonoids, and increase in triterpenoids.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marc Lahaye, Wafae Tabi, Lucie Le Bot, Mickael Delaire, Mathilde Orsel, Jose Antonio Campoy, Jose Quero Garcia, Sophie Le Gall
Summary: The composition of cell walls in apple and cherry fruits differs significantly during development, with varying pectin sugar composition and hemicellulose fine structure. While apples show changes in pectin domain proportions and HC sugars during fruit expansion, cherries display early peaks in HG content and continuous increase in RGI content. The different glucomannan contents released from cell walls may serve as early markers of apple mealiness and cherry skin-cracking susceptibility.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mona F. Mahmoud, Walied Abdo, Mohamed Nabil, Badreddine Drissi, Assem M. El-Shazly, Mohamed A. O. Abdelfattah, Mansour Sobeh
Summary: The butanol fraction of apple leaves (BLE) exhibited gastro-protective and healing effects against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. It reduced oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and COX-2 expression and increased mucoglycoproteins and HSP70 expression. These effects are likely due to the presence of phytoconstituents.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuwei Liu, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Agnes Rolland-Sabate, Sylvie Bureau, Carine Le Bourvellec
Summary: The degradation of cell walls in plant-based products varies depending on the pH conditions, with apple cell walls being most susceptible to degradation at both acidic and alkaline pH levels, while kiwifruit cell walls are the least susceptible. Acid hydrolysis and beta-elimination are common mechanisms causing sugar loss, but their effects differ in intensity.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weijie Lan, Sylvie Bureau, Songchao Chen, Alexandre Leca, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Benoit Jaillais
Summary: The study successfully applied different spectroscopic techniques and modeling methods to trace the proportions of apple varieties in purees and predict the quality characteristics. The PLS models performed well in estimating the proportions of apple cultivars in mixtures, while MIRS technique was effective in predicting the quality of final purees based on spectral data of composed cultivars.
Article
Agronomy
Md Shipon Miah, Chloe Hinson, Macarena Farcuh
Summary: This research evaluated the horticultural performance of 'Buckeye Gala' apple scion grafted onto different rootstocks. The results showed that different rootstocks have significant impacts on tree size, yield, and fruit maturity. Considering the importance of rootstocks in fruit maturity and quality, it is crucial to take them into account when making management decisions in Western Maryland orchards.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefan Roeder, Sara Serra, Stefano Musacchi
Summary: In this study, apple cultivars were categorized based on their pollen tube growth performance, with 41 individuals divided into three subgroups using statistical analysis and a decision tree model for prediction. Thresholds were established from the decision tree to characterize new observations, demonstrating the effectiveness of the methods in a case study with 29 apple accessions.
Article
Horticulture
Leo Omar Duarte Marques, Mateus da Silveira Pasa, Paulo Mello-Farias, Flavio Gilberto Herter
Summary: This study evaluates the efficiency of different budburst inducers for apple trees and finds that garlic extract is not effective, but hydrogen cyanamide and Erger (R) are good alternatives. The biological method of single bud is not suitable for evaluating the efficiency of budburst inducers.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
S. Alessandri, R. Gregori, L. Dondini, S. Sansavini
Summary: A molecular characterization was conducted on the ancient apple variety 'Rosa Romana' to identify genotype groups and their relationship with phenotypic traits. The study revealed higher quality traits of 'Rosa Romana' apples grown in the Apennines mountain compared to those produced at lower altitudes. The genomic validation of identified clones allows for the recovery and promotion of new plantings of 'Rosa Romana' apples in the Apennines mountain region of Italy.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paula Varela, Gaelle Arvisenet, Antje Gonera, Kristine S. Myhrer, Viridiana Fifi, Dominique Valentin
Summary: Shifting towards a plant-based diet is desired for sustainability, health improvement, and animal welfare. However, many consumers are reluctant to make this transition due to attachment to meat and resistance to changing habits. This study examined the attitudes, barriers, and opportunities for Norwegian and French consumers to adopt a more plant-based diet. The findings showed low nutritional knowledge of vegetable proteins and a strong attachment to meat in both countries. Participants expressed curiosity about vegetable protein sources, but identified hedonics and convenience as major barriers. Lack of knowledge on how to prepare plant-based meals was identified as the main barrier to a shift in diet.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuwei Liu, Jiayi Li, Agnes Rolland-Sabate, Serge Perez, Carine Le Bourvellec, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: This study investigated the interactions between different xylose-containing water-soluble hemicelluloses and procyanidins. The results showed that the strength of the interactions between hemicelluloses and procyanidins depended on their structure rather than other incidental properties.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
S. Chollet, C. Senecal, L. Woelki, A. Cortesi, V Fifi, G. Arvisenet, D. Valentin
Summary: This article investigates people's representations of protein-containing foods and finds that plant and animal unprocessed foods are two distinct categories with specific properties, while plant-based and animal-based ready-to-eat dishes share a large number of properties, potentially offering a way to reduce meat consumption.
FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Juliana Melendrez-Ruiz, Laurence Dujourdy, Isabelle Goisbault, Jean-Christophe Charrier, Kevin Pagnat, Sophie Nicklaus, Gaelle Arvisenet, Stephanie Chambaron
Summary: The study found a correlation between gaze behavior and consumer food choices, which were influenced by different motivational backgrounds. There is a certain link between fixation duration on products and choices, with distinctive patterns identified based on product and scenario.
FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Weijie Lan, Vincent Baeten, Benoit Jaillais, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Quentin Arnould, Songchao Chen, Alexandre Leca, Sylvie Bureau
Summary: NIR, MIR, Raman spectroscopy, and HSI were compared for their ability to evaluate the composition and texture of apple purees. The study found that NIR, MIR, and HSI techniques showed good performance in estimating puree composition, while Raman spectroscopy was less accurate. MIR was the most effective tool for identifying factors and predicting texture parameters. These technologies can be prioritized for assessing apple puree quality and texture.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiahao Yu, Xuwei Liu, Lianfu Zhang, Ping Shao, Weina Wu, Zhirong Chen, Jiandong Li, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: This study discusses the use of green solvents for carotenoid extraction, as well as the development of efficient extraction processes through the combination of these solvents with novel extraction techniques.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xuwei Liu, Carine Le Bourvellec, Jiahao Yu, Lei Zhao, Kai Wang, Yang Tao, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Zhuoyan Hu
Summary: This article comprehensively explores the challenges, future trends, and solutions for postharvest and processing of fruits and vegetables (F&Veg) in order to promote their consumption and sustainable development. There is a need for transformative aspects in small-scale innovative processing, consumer relations, and integration into the bioeconomy.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: This article provides an overview of the development of food processing, including technological advancements and organizational changes. It highlights the transition from traditional methods such as drying, cooking, and fermenting to modern industrial production, which has enabled the availability of a diverse range of safe and nutritious food.
CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Weijie Lan, Benoit Jaillais, Songchao Chen, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Alexandre Leca, Sylvie Bureau
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of inter-variability and intra-variability of fruits on the quality of processed purees. Correlations were found between the spectra of fresh and cooked apples, allowing for the indirect predictions of puree color, viscosity, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and pH.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jamal Ayour, Jean-Marc Audergon, Catherine M. G. C. Renard, Mohamed Benichou, Carine Le Bourvellec
Summary: The polyphenols of ten Moroccan apricot clones were analyzed to evaluate their evolution pattern and contribution to antioxidant activity during ripening. Procyanidins were the predominant polyphenol class and played a crucial role in the antioxidant activity of the apricots. The impact of ripening on fruit size and skin color was limited. Thioacidolysis-UFLC technology highlighted the contribution of procyanidins and established a typology based on clone skin color.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jiahao Yu, Xuwei Liu, Shanlin Xu, Ping Shao, Jiandong Li, Zhirong Chen, Xuanpeng Wang, Yang Lin, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: The development of polysaccharide-based films is driven by the problems with plastic materials and the film-forming properties of polysaccharides. In recent years, there has been a surge in research on using green solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as alternatives to conventional solvents/plasticizers for preparing polysaccharide-based films. This review summarizes the properties and recovery of ILs and DESs, various green preparation strategies, and the characteristics of polysaccharide-based films with and without ILs and DESs. The advantages of these new solvents include high solubility for polysaccharides and better plasticizing ability compared to traditional plasticizers. They also possess antioxidant and antibacterial properties that are beneficial for applications in active food packaging films.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Arrazat, Stephanie Chambaron, Gaelle Arvisenet, Isabelle Goisbault, Jean-Christophe Charrier, Sophie Nicklaus, Lucile Marty
Summary: Enabling consumers to compare the environmental impact of food products with front-of-pack labels can lead to more environmentally friendly food choices. The study showed that implementing a traffic-light environmental label on food products resulted in lower environmental impact and increased awareness of the environmental impact among participants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Laura Lopez-Mas, Anna Claret, Gaelle Arvisenet, Roser Romero del Castillo, Zein Kallas, Massimo Zuccaro, Luis Guerrero
Summary: Research shows that consumers have a more negative perception of farmed fish compared to wild fish in terms of sustainability. European consumers generally perceive farmed fish as more sustainable, providing environmental benefits and generating employment, while wild fish is seen as ensuring animal welfare and being more organic.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juliana Melendrez-Ruiz, Gaelle Arvisenet, Marie Dubot, Laurence Dujourdy, Stephanie Chambaron
Summary: Research into consumer attitudes toward food products is crucial for promoting healthier and more sustainable diets. This study focuses on French consumers' implicit attitudes towards pulses and cereals. By using a Sorting Paired Feature Task, it was found that there were more negative implicit attitudes towards pulses compared to cereals. These findings suggest that negative implicit attitudes might contribute to the low consumption of pulses.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Valentin Drigon, Lena Nicolle, Fanny Guyomarc, Valerie Gagnaire, Gaelle Arvisenet
Summary: Reducing animal-based protein consumption and opting for plant-based protein in Western diets can help alleviate the environmental impact caused by our diets. However, consumers may face challenges in rebalancing their diets, particularly with milk substitutions due to nutritional and sensory reasons. The introduction of new mixed products containing both dairy and plant-based components presents an opportunity to gradually familiarize consumers with plant-based characteristics. French participants' attitudes and expectations towards such mixed products were studied through online questionnaires, revealing that attitudes depended on the nature of the plant component and participants' food choice criteria. Mixed dairy and plant-based products offer potential for significant changes in eating habits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GASTRONOMY AND FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Zeyang Bao, Qihang Zhou, Yan Yu, Wei Chen, Zhenfeng Yang, Shifeng Cao, Liyu Shi
Summary: Exogenous melatonin treatment can alleviate the chilling-induced browning in cold-stored peaches by upregulating gene expression and affecting DNA methylation levels to increase phenolic accumulation.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Guolong Li, Zhishu Tang, Zhongxing Song, Xinbo Shi, Changle Liu, Qiang Chen, Hongbo Liu
Summary: This study investigated the accumulation of flavonoids in Chinese sour jujube fruits from five different harvest times using a combined metabolomics and transcriptomics approach. A total of 1539 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 11592 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The biosynthetic pathways for flavonoids, flavones, and flavanols were significantly enriched. A regulatory network for flavonoids biosynthesis was built and key genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis were identified.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Xuejiao Zhang, Xiaoyuan Zheng, Ruirui Yang, Qihui Wang, Lu Bai, Di Gong, Ye Han, Dov Prusky, Yang Bi
Summary: UV-C radiation promotes flavonoid synthesis in potato tuber wounds during early healing by upregulating the expression and activities of key enzymes and transcription factors involved in the flavonoid synthesis pathway, as well as increasing ABA levels and signaling.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Jiaqi Xiao, Yunyun Xie, Xiangjin Kong, Kuan Peng, Hong Zhu, Yueming Jiang, Hongxia Qu
Summary: The study reveals the positive role of Ca2+ ATPase in litchi energy metabolism and senescence. Higher expression of LcACAs is associated with better storability in litchi cultivars. Additionally, LcACA2 is identified as a target of LcmiR482e and ATP application can downregulate the expression of LcmiR482e, contributing to delayed senescence in litchi.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Asunta Mukami, Bicko Steve Juma, Cecilia Mweu, Richard Oduor, Wilton Mbinda
Summary: This study employed the CRISPR-Cas9 system to mutate genes in cassava, resulting in an extended shelf life of cassava roots and improved yield stability and farmers' income.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Paulo Sergio Gularte, Samara Martins Zanella, Cristiano Andre Steffens, Marceli Buss, Janaiana Catarina da Silva, Willian Coser, Aquidauana Miqueloto, Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of nitric oxide application on fruit quality and anaerobic metabolism products. The results showed that nitric oxide at appropriate concentrations can reduce respiration and ethylene evolution rates, preserve firmness, and reduce metabolite production and decay incidence.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Yiting Li, Sicong You, Shasha Wu, Mengyao Wang, Jin Song, Weijie Lan, Kang Tu, Leiqing Pan
Summary: This study aimed to compare the discrimination ability and detection limit of visible and short-wave near-infrared hyperspectral imaging features and spectral information on early implicit bruised pears. Physical characteristics were more sensitive than chemical parameters for bruised pears during postharvest storage. The changes in spectral variations at specific wavelengths could explain the bruising changes in pears. Discrimination models based on selected spectral variables could effectively identify bruised pear areas, and the combination of imaging features and spectral variables achieved higher discrimination rates.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Yu Du, Mengyue Wang, Mengting Tong, Dengyun Wu, Jianzhou Chu, Xiaoqin Yao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of sucrose, brassinolide (BR), and their combination on the storage quality of kale sprouts. The results showed that the combined treatment improved the growth and development of sprouts, reduced oxidative stress, and inhibited nutrient loss. Furthermore, the combination treatment maintained the antioxidant capacity and nutrient content of kale sprouts.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Zhiwen Hu, Jing Wei, Weimin Zhang, Long Wu, Di Gong, Yue Xiang, Jialiang Liu, Zhengke Zhang
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the effect of melatonin (Mel) on the phytotoxicity and residues of the fungicide prochloraz (Pcz) in mango fruit during storage. The results showed that pretreatment with Mel reduced Pcz residues and alleviated phytotoxicity in the fruit. Mel also suppressed Pcz-induced oxidative stress and enhanced the detoxification capacity of the fruit.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Bin Duan, Okwong Oketch Reymick, Zhaoguo Liu, Yun Zhou, Xin Wang, Zhao Feng, Nengguo Tao
Summary: The monoterpene citral can enhance disease resistance and reduce fruit decay in postharvest citrus fruit. It increases the activity of certain enzymes and the content of specific compounds, as well as triggers the accumulation of plant hormones and metabolites. Gene expression analysis reveals that citral upregulates genes involved in the jasmonic acid pathway and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Meiqi Li, Xinhua Zhang, Jiaoqi Li, Maratab Ali, Yuting Wang, Xiuling Liu, Fujun Li, Xiaoan Li
Summary: This research aimed to investigate the potential action mechanism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in controlling Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) in tomato fruit. The findings showed that GABA treatment effectively reduced the disease incidence and lesion diameter of tomato fruit caused by B. cinerea. GABA triggered defense responses and up-regulated the expression of pathogenesis-related genes, while also inhibiting the expression of ethylene synthesis genes.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Heeduk Oh, Marti Pottorff, Lara Giongo, Charles M. Mainland, Massimo Iorizzo, Penelope Perkins-Veazie
Summary: This study evaluated a large set of blueberry cultivars to understand the relationship between mechanical texture and appearance characteristics at harvest and after storage, and tested multiple statistical models to predict shelf-life. The results showed that fruit characteristics measured at harvest or two weeks post-harvest can predict weight loss, texture change, and fruit wrinkling. These findings provide empirical data that blueberry breeders can use to select cultivars with extended shelf-life.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Haitao Yu, Liuli Song, Jingjing Han, Xiaoyu Yu, Yuzhen Wu, Zhifang Yu
Summary: This study found that H2S treatment can delay the senescence process of postharvest pakchoi by regulating antioxidant system, endogenous H2S and NO metabolism. H2S increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes by up-regulating the expression of enzyme genes, reducing the accumulation of harmful substances. Furthermore, H2S increased the content of cysteine and nitrate in pakchoi by regulating the expression of related genes and enzyme activities, thus slowing down the senescence of pakchoi.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Jasna Mastilovic, Zarko Kevresan, Dragan Kukolj, Renata Kovac, Dragana Ubiparip Samek, Stevan Stankovski, Gordana Ostojic, Marina Deric
Summary: This study analyzes the patent portfolio and trends of sensors in postharvest of fresh produce, providing insights into the development of sensing technologies in this area. China is the leading country in patent applications, and the patent themes include produce sorting and packaging, produce storage, and the development and application of sensors. The findings highlight the significant impact of these technologies on postharvest processes, particularly in quality and safety monitoring. Moreover, they are expected to facilitate the integration of artificial intelligence into postharvest processes, enhancing the coherence and efficiency of supply chains.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agronomy
Gal Nomberg, Gulab Chand Arya, Ekaterina Manasherova, Ofir Marinov, Oded Yarden, Hagai Cohen
Summary: Certain fleshy fruit species form a polyphenolic suberized peridermal skin to seal wounded skin and prevent invasion by pathogenic fungi.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
