Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Widade Ziani, Jiasheng Shao, Angela Fang, Patrick J. Connolly, Xiaolei Wang, Ronald S. Veazey, Huanbin Xu
Summary: This study found that integrin blockade did not decrease viral infection, replication, or reduce the size of viral reservoirs in tissues of rhesus macaques after SIV infection. Additionally, administration of TR-14035 in acute SIV infection resulted in higher viremia and more rapid disease progression. These results suggest that integrin blockade alone is not effective in controlling viral infection, replication, dissemination, and reservoir establishment in HIV-1/SIV infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Victoria E. K. Walker-Sperling, Noe B. Mercado, Abishek Chandrashekar, Erica N. Borducchi, Jinyan Liu, Joseph P. Nkolola, Mark Lewis, Jeffrey P. Murry, Yunling Yang, Romas Geleziunas, Merlin L. Robb, Nelson L. Michael, Maria G. Pau, Frank Wegmann, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Emily J. Fray, Mithra R. Kumar, Janet D. Siliciano, Robert F. Siliciano, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study suggests that combining active and passive immunization may have the potential in curing HIV-1. In SHIV-infected rhesus macaques, a combination of therapeutic vaccination and antibody administration with vesatolimod resulted in 70% post-ART virologic control.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lan Wang, Gajendra W. Suryawanshi, Shihyoung Kim, Xin Guan, Aylin C. Bonifacino, Mark E. Metzger, Robert E. Donahue, Sanggu Kim, Irvin S. Y. Chen
Summary: Selective T-cell depletion as a preconditioning regimen using an immunotoxin showed potential efficacy in depleting CD3 and CD4 T cells in lymph nodes and spleen. However, it was ineffective in the colon and thymus. The treatment had an impact on the CD4 T cells in lymph nodes and led to T cell repopulation in different lymphoid tissues after four days.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vijayakumar Velu, Kehmia Titanji, Hasan Ahmed, Ravi Dyavar Shetty, Lakshmi S. Chennareddi, Gordon J. Freeman, Rafi Ahmed, Rama Rao Amara
Summary: The study demonstrated that PD-1 blockade following ART interruption significantly enhances the function of anti-viral CD8 T cells and improves viral control. It suggests the potential synergistic effects of PD-1 blockade with other immunotherapies inducing functional CD8 T-cell responses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Siva Thirugnanam, Edith M. Walker, Faith Schiro, Pyone P. Aye, Jay Rappaport, Namita Rout
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the loss of CD161-expressing CD4(+) Th17 cells is associated with the progression of chronic HIV infection. These cells are significantly reduced in the peripheral blood and gut mucosa of HIV-infected individuals, leading to inflammation and disruption of the gut barrier. However, the impact of HIV infection on CD161-expressing CD8(+) T cells is still unclear.
Article
Immunology
Siqi Gong, Samir K. Lakhashe, Dinesh Hariraju, Hanna Scinto, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Elisabetta Cameroni, Davide Corti, Sarah J. Ratcliffe, Kenneth A. Rogers, Peng Xiao, Jane Fontenot, Francois Villinger, Ruth M. Ruprecht
Summary: This study demonstrates that combining suboptimal antibody defenses at systemic and mucosal levels can yield synergy and completely prevent virus acquisition.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Huiwen Zheng, Yanli Chen, Jing Li, Heng Li, Xin Zhao, Jiali Li, Fengmei Yang, Yanyan Li, Changkum Liu, Li Qin, Yuanyuan Zuo, Qian Zhang, Zhanlong He, Haijing Shi, Qihan Li, Longding Liu
Summary: This study investigates the differential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the lung and intestine, using single-cell transcriptional analysis of monkey tissues. The researchers find that intestinal enterocytes quickly recover after degradation, indicating mild effects of the infection on the intestine. However, they observe suppression of inflammatory response and tissue damage in the intestines, along with activation of T cells. In contrast, the expression of interferon response-related genes is inhibited and inflammatory factor secretion is reduced in the lungs.
Article
Cell Biology
Guangjie Liu, Li Qin, Youjia Li, Siting Zhao, Mikhail Shugay, Yongxiang Yan, Yijian Ye, Yue Chen, Cuizhu Huang, Nashun Bayaer, Dickson Adah, Hui Zhang, Zhong Su, Xiaoping Chen
Summary: This study found that pre-existing malaria can increase viral loads of SIV, while subsequent malaria can improve the survival rate of SIV-infected animals. These findings have important implications for research on human HIV and malaria coinfection.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nichole R. Klatt, Courtney Broedlow, Jessica M. Osborn, Andrew T. Gustin, Sandra Dross, Megan A. O'Connor, Ernesto Coronado, Philip Barnette, Tiffany Hensley-McBain, Alexander S. Zevin, Roshell Muir, Alexander Roederer, Solomon Wangari, Naoto Iwayama, Chul Y. Ahrens, Jeremy Smedley, Cassandra Moats, Rebecca M. Lynch, Elias K. Haddad, Nancy L. Haigwood, Deborah H. Fuller, Jennifer A. Manuzak
Summary: Although probiotics were well-tolerated when administered with SIV/HIV vaccination, vaccine-specific responses were not significantly enhanced. Additional work will be necessary to develop more effective strategies of microbiome modulation in order to enhance mucosal vaccine immunogenicity and improve protective immune responses.
Letter
Immunology
Fang Xu, Shipo Wu, Linan Yi, Shaodan Peng, Fan Wang, Weixue Si, Lihua Hou, Tao Zhu
Summary: The study examined the safety and immunogenicity of a vaccine administered through nebulization inhalation in rhesus macaques. The results showed that this method effectively induced immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and had minimal adverse effects. This study highlights the potential importance of vaccination through nebulization inhalation for controlling SARS-CoV-2.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Bapi Pahar, Wayne Gray, Marissa Fahlberg, Brooke Grasperge, Meredith Hunter, Arpita Das, Christopher Mabee, Pyone Pyone Aye, Faith Schiro, Krystle Hensley, Aneeka Ratnayake, Kelly Goff, Celia LaBranche, Xiaoying Shen, Georgia D. Tomaras, C. Todd DeMarco, David Montefiori, Patricia Kissinger, Preston A. Marx, Vicki Traina-Dorge
Summary: By using a varicella virus-vectored SIV vaccine and protein boosts, this study demonstrated a 37.5% efficacy rate against pathogenic SIV challenge in a rhesus macaque model by generating neutralizing antibodies, binding antibodies, and polyfunctional T-cell responses.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Huaiyu Wang, Pingchao Li, Mo Zhang, Jinpeng Bi, Yizi He, Fangshen Li, Rongzhen Yu, Feng Gao, Wei Kong, Bin Yu, Ling Chen, Xianghui Yu
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of a vaccine called BLP-PAM to induce HIV-1-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses through intranasal and intramuscular immunization strategies in rhesus macaques. The results showed that the vaccine could induce mucosal immune responses and the production of neutralizing antibodies, and immune responses were improved through boosting immunization.
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stella J. Berendam, Papa K. Morgan-Asiedu, Riley J. Mangan, Shuk Hang Li, Holly Heimsath, Kan Luo, Alan D. Curtis, Joshua A. Eudailey, Christopher B. Fox, Mark A. Tomai, Bonnie Phillips, Hannah L. Itell, Erika Kunz, Michael Hudgens, Kenneth Cronin, Kevin Wiehe, S. Munir Alam, Koen K. A. Van Rompay, Kristina De Paris, Sallie R. Permar, M. Anthony Moody, Genevieve G. Fouda
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of different adjuvants in pediatric HIV vaccine regimens on the developing infant B cell receptor repertoire. Results showed that while different adjuvants in vaccine regimens may induce higher magnitude and quality of plasma antibody responses, they do not lead to distinct antigen-specific memory BCR repertoires.
Article
Microbiology
Ling Tong, Zhe Cong, Long Tian, Jingjing Zhang, Jiahan Lu, Qiuhan Lu, Ting Chen, Yuhong Wang, Qiang Wei, Jing Xue
Summary: This study used rhesus monkeys to simulate different stages of HIV infection and found shifts in SIV-specific immunity at different levels of viral replication. By comparing immune responses at different stages, it revealed the dynamic changes in individual immune competence.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xue-Hui Wang, Tian-Zhang Song, Hong-Yi Zheng, Yi-Hui Li, Yong-Tang Zheng
Summary: The destruction of intestinal epithelial barrier appears earlier than mucosal immune dysfunction in early stages of HIV and SIV infections, primarily due to oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are identified as key contributors to gut epithelial barrier disruption in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Liang Ma, Zehua Chen, Da Wei Huang, Ousmane H. Cisse, Jamie L. Rothenburger, Alice Latinne, Lisa Bishop, Robert Blair, Jason M. Brenchley, Magali Chabe, Xilong Deng, Vanessa Hirsch, Rebekah Keesler, Geetha Kutty, Yueqin Liu, Daniel Margolis, Serge Morand, Bapi Pahar, Li Peng, Koen K. A. Van Rompay, Xiaohong Song, Jun Song, Antti Sukura, Sabrina Thapar, Honghui Wang, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Jie Xu, Chao-Hung Lee, Claire Jardine, Richard A. Lempicki, Melanie T. Cushion, Christina A. Cuomo, Joseph A. Kovacs
Article
Cell Biology
Barbara K. Felber, Zhongyan Lu, Xintao Hu, Antonio Valentin, Margherita Rosati, Christopher A. L. Remmel, Joshua A. Weiner, Margaret C. Carpenter, Katelyn Faircloth, Sherry Stanfield-Oakley, Wilton B. Williams, Xiaoying Shen, Georgia D. Tomaras, Celia C. LaBranche, David Montefiori, Hung Trinh, Mangala Rao, Munir S. Alam, Nathan A. Vandergrift, Kevin O. Saunders, Yunfei Wang, Wes Rountree, Jishnu Das, Galit Alter, Steven G. Reed, Pyone P. Aye, Faith Schiro, Bapi Pahar, Jason P. Dufour, Ronald S. Veazey, Preston A. Marx, David J. Venzon, George M. Shaw, Guido Ferrari, Margaret E. Ackerman, Barton F. Haynes, George N. Pavlakis
Article
Immunology
Bapi Pahar, Kate C. Baker, Alexandra N. Jay, Kasi E. Russell-Lodrigue, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Pyone Pyone Aye, James L. Blanchard, Rudolf P. Bohm
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Bapi Pahar, Stefania Madonna, Arpita Das, Cristina Albanesi, Giampiero Girolomoni
Article
Biology
Ousmane H. Cisse, Liang Ma, John P. Dekker, Pavel P. Khil, Jung-Ho Youn, Jason M. Brenchley, Robert Blair, Bapi Pahar, Magali Chabe, Koen K. A. Van Rompay, Rebekah Keesler, Antti Sukura, Vanessa Hirsch, Geetha Kutty, Yueqin Liu, Li Peng, Jie Chen, Jun Song, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Jie Xu, Nathan S. Upham, Jason E. Stajich, Christina A. Cuomo, Melanie T. Cushion, Joseph A. Kovacs
Summary: By sequencing and comparing the genomes of Pneumocystis species infecting different mammals, researchers gained insights into the molecular basis of host specificity in Pneumocystis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nongthombam Boby, Alyssa Ransom, Barcley T. Pace, Kelsey M. Williams, Christopher Mabee, Arpita Das, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Edith Porter, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Increased production of TGF-beta was observed in intestinal CD3(-)CD20(-)CD68(+) cells from SIV-infected rhesus macaques, which negatively correlated with the frequency of jejunum CD4(+) T cells. Disruption of a negative feedback loop mediated by SMAD7 may enhance TGF-beta production and SMAD-dependent signaling in SIV infection.
Article
Immunology
Nongthombam Boby, Xuewei Cao, Alyssa Ransom, Barcley T. Pace, Christopher Mabee, Monica N. Shroyer, Arpita Das, Peter J. Didier, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Edith Porter, Qiuying Sha, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Research has shown that under SIV infection, intestinal epithelial regeneration decreases, certain cell types increase, and differentially expressed genes in important pathways are downregulated. Despite the lack of significant reduction in stem cell population, dysregulation of intestinal stem cell niche factors, presence of inflammatory factors, and loss of epithelial barrier function, suggest that SIV infection impacts epithelial cell proliferation and intestinal homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nongthombam Boby, Xuewei Cao, Kelsey Williams, Shiva Kumar Goud Gadila, Monica N. Shroyer, Peter J. Didier, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Arpita Das, Kate Baker, Qiuying Sha, Bapi Pahar
Summary: The expression of ACE2 and RAS-associated proteins may be compromised after SIV/HIV infection, leading to the loss of gut homeostasis and aggravated pathological events.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Scott P. Lawrence, Samra E. Elser, Workineh Torben, Robert Blair, Bapi Pahar, Pyone P. Aye, Faith Schiro, Dawn Szeltner, Lara A. Doyle-Meyers, Beth S. Haggarty, Andrea P. O. Jordan, Josephine Romano, George J. Leslie, Xavier Alvarez, David H. O'Connor, Roger W. Wiseman, Christine M. Fennessey, Yuan Li, Michael Piatak, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Celia C. LaBranche, Andrew A. Lackner, Brandon F. Keele, Nicholas J. Maness, Mark Marsh, James A. Hoxie
Summary: The cytoplasmic domain of the HIV/SIV envelope glycoprotein plays a crucial role in viral infection and pathogenesis by mediating endocytosis and polarized sorting. Mutations in this domain are associated with disease progression.
Article
Virology
Bapi Pahar, Wayne Gray, Marissa Fahlberg, Brooke Grasperge, Meredith Hunter, Arpita Das, Christopher Mabee, Pyone Pyone Aye, Faith Schiro, Krystle Hensley, Aneeka Ratnayake, Kelly Goff, Celia LaBranche, Xiaoying Shen, Georgia D. Tomaras, C. Todd DeMarco, David Montefiori, Patricia Kissinger, Preston A. Marx, Vicki Traina-Dorge
Summary: By using a varicella virus-vectored SIV vaccine and protein boosts, this study demonstrated a 37.5% efficacy rate against pathogenic SIV challenge in a rhesus macaque model by generating neutralizing antibodies, binding antibodies, and polyfunctional T-cell responses.
Article
Immunology
Nongthombam Boby, Apurv Srivastav, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Cytokine and chemokine levels are significant predictive factors of HIV pathogenesis and disease outcome. Evaluating cytokine and chemokine levels during acute infection can help identify critical changes and improve HIV treatment and prevention methods. In a rhesus macaque model, 11 cytokines/growth factors and 9 chemokines showed substantial changes during acute infection. IL-18, IP-10, FLT3L, MCP-1, MCP-2, and MIP-3 beta were identified as biomarkers for predicting CD4+ T cell loss and viral replication during acute SIV/HIV infection.
Article
Immunology
David X. Liu, Bapi Pahar, Timothy K. Cooper, Donna L. Perry, Huanbin Xu, Louis M. Huzella, Ricky D. Adams, Amanda M. W. Hischak, Randy J. Hart, Rebecca Bernbaum, Deja Rivera, Scott Anthony, Marisa St Claire, Russell Byrum, Kurt Cooper, Rebecca Reeder, Jonathan Kurtz, Kyra Hadley, Jiro Wada, Ian Crozier, Gabriella Worwa, Richard S. Bennett, Travis Warren, Michael R. Holbrook, Connie S. Schmaljohn, Lisa E. Hensley
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that rhesus monkeys infected with the Ebola virus exhibit pathophysiological features similar to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome/macrophage activation syndrome. Therefore, regulating inflammation and immune function may provide an effective treatment for controlling the pathogenesis of acute Ebola virus disease.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ivy Phung, Kristen A. Rodrigues, Ester Marina-Zarate, Laura Maiorino, Bapi Pahar, Wen-Hsin Lee, Mariane Melo, Amitinder Kaur, Carolina Allers, Marissa Fahlberg, Brooke F. Grasperge, Jason P. Dufour, Faith Schiro, Pyone P. Aye, Paul G. Lopez, Jonathan L. Torres, Gabriel Ozorowski, Saman Eskandarzadeh, Michael Kubitz, Erik Georgeson, Bettina Groschel, Rebecca Nedellec, Michael Bick, Katarzyna Kaczmarek Michaels, Hongmei Gao, Xiaoying Shen, Diane G. Carnathan, Guido Silvestri, David C. Montefiori, Andrew B. Ward, Lars Hangartner, Ronald S. Veazey, Dennis R. Burton, William R. Schief, Darrell J. Irvine, Shane Crotty
Summary: The study explores a combined adjuvant approach using pSer:alum-mediated antigen delivery and potent adjuvants, which enhances humoral immune responses by modulating immunodominance. The findings show promise for clinical translation and highlight the importance of adjuvants and antigen delivery kinetics in rational vaccine design.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Veterinary Sciences
Bapi Pahar, Preston Marx, Arpita Das, Chris Mabee, Brooke Grasperge, Patricia Kissinger, Melissa Fahlberg, Wayne Gray, Vicki Traina-Dorge
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
B. K. Felber, Z. Lu, X. Hu, A. Valentin, M. Rosati, J. A. Weiner, X. Shen, C. C. LaBranche, D. C. Montefiori, W. B. Williams, K. O. Saunders, H. V. Trinh, M. Rao, M. S. Alam, S. G. Reed, P. P. Aye, B. Pahar, P. A. Marx, D. J. Venzon, G. M. Shaw, G. Ferrari, M. E. Ackerman, B. F. Haynes, G. N. Pavlakis
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2020)