Review
Immunology
Jianan Zhao, Ping Jiang, Shicheng Guo, Steven J. Schrodi, Dongyi He
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by chronic synovial inflammation and degeneration of bones and joints. Despite the variety of treatment options available, some patients still have a poor prognosis due to the complex mechanism of the disease. Programmed cell death has been identified as one of the essential pathological mechanisms of RA, contributing to its development through dysregulation in various cell types.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Chang Liu, Zecheng Jiang, Zhongjie Pan, Liang Yang
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease, and macrophages play a significant role in its progression. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of programmed cell death in macrophages in the development of vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinhao Chen, Mujie Ye, Jianan Bai, Chunhua Hu, Feiyu Lu, Danyang Gu, Ping Yu, Qiyun Tang
Summary: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most prevalent and abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes and has recently gained attention in research. Studies have shown that dysregulation of m6A modification is associated with the progression of various diseases, particularly cancer. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an active and orderly form of cell death, and there is growing evidence of the mutual regulation between m6A modification and PCD, which can affect cancer treatment sensitivity. This review summarizes recent advances in the interplay and potential mechanisms of m6A modification and PCD, as well as their relevance to cancer therapeutic resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tong Guo, Xiuli Liu, Zhikun Zhang, Yiqun Luo, Tong Li, Lan Li, Huixue Wang, Yong Huang, Jian He, Qiaoying Chen, Yongxiang Zhao, Lu Gan, Liping Zhong
Summary: The study on using matrix metalloproteinase to enhance oncolytic virus (NDV-MMP8) spread in tumors showed that in vitro and in vivo experiments, NDV-MMP8 can effectively degrade extracellular matrix, promote virus spread, and reduce tumor growth.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lu Wang, Yiqi Wu, Renqi Yao, Yun Li, Yurou Wei, Yuan Cao, Zicheng Zhang, Mengyao Wu, Hanyu Zhu, Yongming Yao, Hongjun Kang
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied for their immunomodulatory properties in inflammatory diseases. Recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have gained attention as a major pathway for intercellular communication. This review summarizes the potential influences of MSC-EVs on different types of programmed cell death and diseases, and discusses the therapeutic effects, current research progress, and challenges of clinical applications of MSC-EVs. Understanding the regulation of inflammation-associated programmed cell death by MSC-EVs is important for identifying molecular mechanisms and modulatory targets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung Yoon Jang, Eunok Im, Yung Hyun Choi, Nam Deuk Kim
Summary: Bile acids are important in lipid digestion and absorption, and have been found to be tumor suppressors. This review comprehensively summarizes the literature on bile acid-induced programmed cell death and the development of synthetic bile acid derivatives for cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Margarita Kamynina, Salome Tskhovrebova, Jawad Fares, Peter Timashev, Anastasia Laevskaya, Ilya Ulasov
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor with limited therapeutic options. Gene therapies using self-replicating oncolytic viruses may advance GBM treatment. Autophagy in glioblastoma plays a dual role in cell death and survival.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Zhao Deng, Zhipeng Yang, Jian Peng
Summary: This review discusses the impact of bioactive peptides on inflammatory diseases and cancer through regulating programmed cell deaths, and explores their potential and pathways in treatment.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Jianan Zhao, Kai Wei, Ping Jiang, Cen Chang, Lingxia Xu, Linshuai Xu, Yiming Shi, Shicheng Guo, Yu Xue, Dongyi He
Summary: Gout is a chronic inflammatory arthritis disease characterized by hyperuricemia and triggered by interactions among various factors. Recent studies have shown that multiple programmed cell death pathways are involved in the inflammatory response, contributing to the initiation of inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Narayan Ramamurthy, Dinesh C. Pathak, Ajai Lawrence D'Silva, Rahul Batheja, Asok Kumar Mariappan, Vikram N. Vakharia, Madhan Mohan Chellappa, Sohini Dey
Summary: The study demonstrated that the R2B-GFP virus significantly reduced the viability of infected 4T1 and B16-F10 cells, and induced apoptosis in these cells compared to the uninfected controls. Additionally, the R2B-GFP virus increased mitochondrial membrane permeability in the cells, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial-regulated cell death.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Danfeng Zhang, Yadan Li, Chunyan Du, Lina Sang, Liu Liu, Yingmei Li, Fang Wang, Wenjuan Fan, Ping Tang, Sidong Zhang, Dandan Chen, Yanmei Wang, Xiaoyi Wang, Xinsheng Xie, Zhongxing Jiang, Yongping Song, Rongqun Guo
Summary: Using scRNA-seq datasets, this study reveals the abnormal changes of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in autoimmune diseases. The imbalance of these two cell death modalities exists in different diseases, and specific cell types were found to be more sensitive to pyroptosis. The involvement of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in the pathological process of autoimmune diseases is critical.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Qi Zhang, Xin-xing Wan, Xi-min Hu, Wen-juan Zhao, Xiao-xia Ban, Yan-xia Huang, Wei-tao Yan, Kun Xiong
Summary: Stem cell therapies show promising effects in restoring damaged tissue, but multiple types of programmed cell death post-transplantation can compromise their efficiency. Understanding and targeting cell death signaling pathways are crucial for successful stem cell therapies in treating diabetes and related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ke-Tao Jin, Xiao-Hua Tao, Yi-Bin Fan, Shi-Bing Wang
Summary: Oncolytic viruses attract attention in cancer therapy for selectively infecting and killing tumor cells without affecting healthy cells, while autophagy can both support viral replication and reduce cytotoxicity by providing nutrients for tumor cells. The interaction between oncolytic viruses and autophagy plays a crucial role in their combinational effects on tumor cells in cancer therapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tianyu Tang, Xing Huang, Gang Zhang, Tingbo Liang
Summary: Oncolytic peptides are highly effective in remodeling the tumor microenvironment and enhancing anticancer immunity by inducing immunogenic cell death. A recent study shows that LTX-315 inhibits PD-L1 expression via ATP11B, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy by targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. This commentary discusses the broad effects and perspectives of oncolytic peptides on anticancer immunity, as well as the potential issues and directions in cancer immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma C. Tovey Crutchfield, Sarah E. Garnish, Joanne M. Hildebrand
Summary: Necroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death evolved to defend against pathogens. Small molecules targeting RIPK1 kinase activity have shown promise in disease models, triggering significant investment in necroptosis blocking drugs. Understanding the role of MLKL in murine disease models is crucial for identifying human indications for targeted drug therapies.
Article
Microbiology
Laura Martin-Sancho, Shashank Tripathi, Ariel Rodriguez-Frandsen, Lars Pache, Maite Sanchez-Aparicio, Michael J. McGregor, Kelsey M. Haas, Danielle L. Swaney, Thong T. Nguyen, Joao Mamede, Christopher Churas, Dexter Pratt, Sara B. Rosenthal, Laura Riva, Courtney Nguyen, Nish Beltran-Raygoza, Stephen Soonthornvacharin, Guojun Wang, David Jimenez-Morales, Paul D. De Jesus, Hong M. Moulton, David A. Stein, Max W. Chang, Chris Benner, Trey Ideker, Randy A. Albrecht, Judd F. Hultquist, Nevan J. Krogan, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Sumit K. Chanda
Summary: Multi-omics analysis revealed a range of both IFN-dependent and independent cellular defence mechanisms that inhibit IAV replication, with TBC1D5 playing a key role in controlling IAV replication and promoting lysosomal targeting of IAV M2 protein through interaction with Rab7. Additionally, the study found that IAV M2 protein can escape lysosomal degradation by abrogating TBC1D5-Rab7 binding via physical interaction.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Emma S. Winkler, Rita E. Chen, Fahmida Alam, Soner Yildiz, James Brett Case, Melissa B. Uccellini, Michael J. Holtzman, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Michael Schotsaert, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: The study developed a mouse model for SARS-CoV-2 infection by introducing the human ACE2 gene into the mouse genome, providing insights into viral replication and pathology in mice. Additionally, the study identified the impact of the N501Y mutation in mice on viral replication and pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Runrui Dang, Victor G. J. Rodgers, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Jiayu Liao
Summary: This study identifies the human SUMOylation pathway as a critical host factor for the IBV viral life cycle. Inhibiting this pathway effectively blocks the replication of IBV, providing a novel strategy for the development of anti-viral therapeutics.
Article
Virology
Mundeep K. Kainth, Joanna S. Fishbein, Teresa Aydillo, Alba Escalera, Rachael Odusanya, Kalliopi Grammatikopoulos, Tiffany Scotto, Christine B. Sethna, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Clifford S. Deutschman
Summary: This study investigated antibody and cytokine responses following influenza vaccination in obese children. The results showed that obesity did not alter the efficacy of the vaccine, regardless of metabolic health. However, metabolically unhealthy obese children had decreased IL-13 levels, which may be associated with altered inflammatory response.
Review
Microbiology
Cesar Munoz-Fontela, Lina Widerspick, Randy A. Albrecht, Martin Beer, Miles W. Carroll, Emmie de Wit, Michael S. Diamond, William E. Dowling, Simon G. P. Funnell, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Nora M. Gerhards, Rineke de Jong, Vincent J. Munster, Johan Neyts, Stanley Perlman, Douglas S. Reed, Juergen A. Richt, Ximena Riveros-Balta, Chad J. Roy, Francisco J. Salguero, Michael Schotsaert, Lauren M. Schwartz, Robert A. Seder, Joaquim Segales, Seshadri S. Vasan, Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: Animal models play a crucial role in evaluating the virulence, transmission, and immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants and are continuously being improved to better replicate the demographic characteristics of COVID-19.
Review
Virology
Giuseppe Pisanelli, Ugo Pagnini, Giuseppe Iovane, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
Summary: Paramyxoviruses are negative single-strand RNA viruses that can cause significant diseases in humans and animals. These viruses have evolved different strategies to evade the host's interferon defense mechanism, which is activated upon viral recognition and leads to the production of interferons that reduce viral replication. This article analyzes the current status of the various strategies used by paramyxoviruses to bypass interferon responses.
Article
Microbiology
Aitor Nogales, John Steel, Wen-Chun Liu, Anice C. Lowen, Laura Rodriguez, Kevin Chiem, Andrew Cox, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Randy A. Albrecht, Stephen Dewhurst, Luis Martinez-Sobrido
Summary: The study demonstrates that introducing the L319Q substitution in the PB1 protein of the pH1N1 influenza virus can lead to the generation of a less pathogenic and transmissible attenuated virus, providing a basis for the development of a novel LAIV based on a contemporary pH1N1 strain.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Sira C. Gunther, Carles Martinez-Romero, Milagros Sempere Borau, Christine T. N. Pham, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Silke Stertz
Summary: This study reveals the importance of cysteine protease cathepsin W (CTSW) in influenza virus replication and identifies the cleavage motif of CTSW substrates. It further discovers the potential proviral role of CTSW in an in vivo model of IAV infection. These findings provide support for the development of drugs targeting CTSW.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Judit Svensson-Arvelund, Sara Cuadrado-Castano, Gvantsa Pantsulaia, Kristy Kim, Mark Aleynick, Linda Hammerich, Ranjan Upadhyay, Michael Yellin, Henry Marsh, Daniel Oreper, Suchit Jhunjhunwala, Christine Moussion, Miriam Merad, Brian D. Brown, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Joshua D. Brody
Summary: Expanding dendritic cells to increase tumor antigen cross-presentation improves oncolytic virotherapy and induces neoepitope-specific T cell response.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Alvaro Simba-Lahuasi, Angel Cantero-Camacho, Romel Rosales, Briana Lynn McGovern, M. Luis Rodriguez, Vicente Marchan, Kris M. White, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Jose Gallego
Summary: Researchers have identified and characterized RNA-binding compounds that can inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2. These compounds were discovered by screening a small library of antiviral compounds and showed promising activity against SARS-CoV-2. Further investigation revealed that these compounds recognize conserved RNA elements in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. These findings provide new possibilities for developing RNA-targeted antivirals and therapeutic agents against coronaviruses.
Article
Immunology
Sadaf Aslam, Madhusudan Rajendran, Divya Kriti, Andrew Kurland, Jeffrey Johnson, Harm van Bakel, Florian Krammer, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Juan Ayllon
Summary: To improve the production yield of seasonal influenza vaccines, we have identified optimal vaccine seed virus backbones for influenza B virus through research and evaluation in embryonated eggs. This study includes 71 strains of influenza B virus from 1940 to the present, representing the known temporal and genetic variability. By assessing the growth profiles and effectiveness of these strains, we selected three strains with the best performance as vaccine seed virus backbones to increase the production yield of influenza B virus seasonal vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Sonia Jangra, Jeffrey J. Landers, Gabriel Laghlali, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Prajakta Warang, Seok-Chan Park, Jessica. J. O'Konek, Gagandeep Singh, Katarzyna W. Janczak, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Nandini Arya, Dilara Karadag, Jr James R. Baker, Michael Schotsaert, Pamela T. Wong
Summary: Multiple FDA-approved vaccines provide good protection against severe disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, immunity can decline quickly, especially in the elderly, and new viral variants are emerging that can evade the immune response induced by infection or vaccination. Intranasal vaccination is more effective in inducing mucosal immune responses than injectable vaccines, which can improve protection and reduce viral transmission.
Review
Immunology
Vicent Tur-Planells, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Sara Cuadrado-Castano, Estanislao Nistal-Villan
Summary: This review provides an overview of non-human-adapted RNA viruses used in cancer therapy and the diverse strategies employed to optimize their therapeutic capabilities. Through this article, we gain insights into the promising advancements in virotherapy and its potential to revolutionize cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Aryana Javaheri, Yonina Bykov, Ignacio Mena, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Sara Cuadrado-Castano
Summary: The study highlights the promising oncolytic properties of APMV-4 Duck/Hong Kong/D3/1975 virus in murine colon carcinoma and melanoma tumor models, surpassing the therapeutic potential of NDV. Additionally, recombinant APMV-4 viruses have demonstrated significant antitumor capabilities, paving the way for the development of next-generation viral therapeutics.
CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Danah Altakrouni, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different vaccination programs against Canadian DMV/1639 IBV and found that the autogenous inactivated DMV/1639 vaccine was more effective in reducing viral loads and boosting virus neutralization titers. Both vaccination programs provided significant protection against pathological effects.
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Article
Virology
Xiao Han, Hankun Xu, Yifan Weng, Rong Chen, Jidong Xu, Tong Cao, Renjie Sun, Ying Shan, Fang He, Weihuan Fang, Xiaoliang Li
Summary: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) can inhibit the host innate immunity by decreasing the level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CSFV Npro can evade host antiviral immune response through upregulating HMGB1 acetylation.
Article
Virology
Sunjian Lyu, Fulei Xiong, Tianpeng Qi, Weifeng Shen, Qi Guo, Mingming Han, Li Liu, Weishao Bu, Julin Yuan, Bao Lou
Summary: This study identified and characterized a novel temperate A. hydrophila phage, P05B, which has strong lytic ability and stability across different temperatures and pH values.
Article
Virology
Siyuan Liu, Wei Chen, Raphael Nyaruaba, Shunlong Wang, Cihan Yang, Qun Wu, Ying Liu, Puyu Liu, Fei Wang, Jingling Wang, Zhiming Yuan, Dingwei Sun, Han Xia
Summary: Specific, sensitive, and reliable RT-qPCR assays for the detection of OYAV and EBIV have been successfully developed in this study. These assays hold great promise for their potential application in clinical and field samples in the future.
Article
Virology
Rui Wang, Qiang Sun, Jinbo Xiao, Congcong Wang, Xiaoliang Li, Jichen Li, Yang Song, Huanhuan Lu, Ying Liu, Shuangli Zhu, Zhijun Liu, Yong Zhang
Summary: Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as an important agent causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in residue 64 of the virus have been found to increase resistance to ribavirin and decrease sensitivity to guanidine hydrochloride. This mutation also leads to increased replication fidelity and reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a safe and effective live attenuated CVA6 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Yao Xiong, Keran Ma, Xiao Zou, Yantao Liang, Kaiyang Zheng, Tiancong Wang, Hong Zhang, Yue Dong, Ziyue Wang, Yundan Liu, Hongbing Shao, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study isolated a novel virus, vB_VviC_ZQ26, infecting Vibrio cyclitrophicus from coastal waters near Qingdao, China. It was found that vB_VviC_ZQ26 belongs to a new vibriophage-specific family, Coheviridae, and is mainly found in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones.
Article
Virology
Xing Li, Zhiping Ye, Ewan P. Plant
Summary: By analyzing clinical and cultured samples using the same bioinformatic pipeline, it was found that 5' copyback DVGs are prevalent in human clinical samples but not in cultured samples. Furthermore, there are differences in DVG production and composition between in vivo and in vitro infections.
Article
Virology
Shreya Banerjee, Rakesh Sarkar, Arpita Mukherjee, Suvrotoa Mitra, Animesh Gope, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
Summary: Rotavirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and continues to be a severe issue in underdeveloped nations. Recent research has shown that a long non-coding RNA called SLC7A11-AS1 is upregulated during rotavirus infection and plays a role in facilitating the virus's propagation by regulating intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Article
Virology
Eiichi Hondo, Tetsufumi Katta, Ayato Sato, Naoya Kadofusa, Tomoki Ishibashi, Hiroshi Shimoda, Hirokazu Katoh, Atsuo Iida
Summary: Bat-borne emerging viruses, such as the Ebola virus and Nipah virus, pose a significant threat to public health. In this study, we identified micafungin as a potential antiviral drug against Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) and found that it inhibits viral release in human cells through activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective treatments for future virus pandemics.
Article
Virology
M. Joubert, N. van den Berg, J. Theron, V. Swart
Summary: This study investigated the host gene expression in asymptomatic avocado nursery trees infected with Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) using RNA sequencing. The results showed that 631 genes were differentially expressed during infection, with 63% upregulated. ASBVd infection significantly affected plant defence responses, phytohormone networks, gene expression pathways, secondary metabolism, cellular transport, as well as protein modification and degradation. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions underlying avsunviroid-host interactions.
Article
Virology
Wanling Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Zhengyun Liu, Shengyu Wang, Tianyang Chen, Hong Song, Yunbin Xu, Fajin Li, Guo Luo, Huan Wang
Summary: EV71 infection leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that may contribute to nervous system dysfunction.
Article
Virology
Mikhail Oliveira Leastro, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Vicente Pallas, Jesus Angel Sanchez- Navarro
Summary: This study reports the construction and validation of an infectious cDNA clone of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) based on an agroinfection system. Agro-injected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed localized lesions similar to the natural infection process. The virus recovered from the infected plant tissue could be mechanically transmitted between plants. The CiLV-C reverse genetic system provides a powerful molecular tool for unraveling the peculiarities of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.
Article
Virology
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Francisco J. Perez-Rodriguez, Catia Alvarez, Pascale Sattonnet-Roche, Giulia Torriani, Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Matthias Lenk, Tasnim Suliman, Wolfgang Preiser, Marcel A. Mueller, Christian Drosten, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has different replication characteristics compared to other variants of concern, being able to efficiently produce infectious virus in nasal cells but not lung cells. In addition, the Delta and Omicron variants showed increased infection efficiency in A549 cells. These findings suggest that the variants of concern have better adaptation to humans but do not have an extended host range.
Article
Virology
Martin Faye, Modeste Name Faye, Babacar Ndiaye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Safietou Sankhe, Ndeye Marieme Top, Amadou Diallo, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Ousmane Faye
Summary: Genomic surveillance in Senegal since March 2020 has detected the emergence of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages in June 2022. Next-generation sequencing and phylogeny analysis of isolates from a cluster of cases in Northern Senegal in July 2022 revealed that the BA.4 cases originated from a XAS recombinant, marking the first reported sequence of this variant from Senegal. Continuous genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is crucial.