Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vladimir Rancic, Simon Gosgnach
Summary: This article summarizes key features expressed by locomotor rhythm-generating neurons and describes different genetically defined classes of interneurons that may be involved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
D. Leonardo Garcia-Ramirez, Ngoc T. Ha, Steve Bibu, Nicholas J. Stachowski, Kimberly J. Dougherty
Summary: The impact of spinal cord injury on Shox2 interneurons mainly manifests as changes in sensory afferent input pathways and modulation of Shox2 interneurons by 5-HT, enhancing excitatory responses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Belen Iglesias Gonzalez, Jon E. T. Jakobsson, Jennifer Vieillard, Malin C. Lagerstrom, Klas Kullander, Henrik Boije
Summary: The analysis of Dmrt3 neurons in the spinal locomotor network from zebrafish and mice has revealed different subtypes and uncovered a molecular code underlying their subfunctionalization. Differences in birth order, differential expression of axon guidance genes, neurotransmitters, their receptors, and genes affecting electrophysiological properties are factors contributing to the diversity of these neurons. Additionally, the comparison between fish and mice populations offers insights into evolutionary-driven subspecialization with the emergence of limbed locomotion.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jonathan Harnie, Johannie Audet, Alexander N. Klishko, Adam Doelman, Boris I. Prilutsky, Alain Frigon
Summary: The study found that sensorimotor circuits within the spinal cord generate backward locomotion but require additional excitability compared with forward locomotion. Spinal cats showed similar strategies for speed modulation and muscle activations during forward and backward locomotion, indicating a shared spinal locomotor network.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Epiphani C. Simmons, Natalie E. Scholpa, Rick G. Schnellmann
Summary: Vascular and mitochondrial dysfunction are common consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI). This study investigated the potential of inducing mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) with a new 5-HT1F receptor agonist, lasmiditan, to improve locomotor recovery and restore the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after SCI. Results suggest that lasmiditan treatment can effectively promote recovery and repair of SCI-related deficits, making it a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Simon M. Danner, Courtney T. Shepard, Casey Hainline, Natalia A. Shevtsova, Ilya A. Rybak, David S. K. Magnuson
Summary: Thoracic spinal cord injury affects long propriospinal neurons that interconnect the cervical and lumbar enlargements, and these neurons are crucial for coordinating forelimb and hindlimb locomotor movements. Investigating locomotion over the full range of speeds can reveal otherwise hidden aspects of spinal locomotor control and post-injury recovery, which may not be fully exposed by studying recovery over a limited range of speeds.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena O. Gracheva, Sviatoslav N. Bagriantsev
Summary: David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for explaining the molecular basis for sensing heat, cold and mechanical force, marking the end of a scientific journey to identify the mechanisms in the somatosensory system mediating the detection of internal and external environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kui Shen, Guodong Sun, Leung Chan, Lizhen He, Xiaowei Li, Shuxian Yang, Baocheng Wang, Hua Zhang, Jiarun Huang, Minmin Chang, Zhizhong Li, Tianfeng Chen
Summary: In this study, a polymer-based nanodrug delivery system was constructed to target spinal cord injury (SCI) sites. By inhibiting inflammation and promoting macrophage polarization, the system effectively treated SCI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna K. Bujak, Daria Kosmala, Kinga Majchrzak-Kuligowska, Piotr Bednarczyk
Summary: The study confirmed the expression of the TRPV1 ion channel on both mRNA and protein levels in canine PBMC, and indicated that the ion channel is functional.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaspreet Kaur, Graciela L. Mazzone, Jorge B. Aquino, Andrea Nistri
Summary: The study found that high dose nicotine was neurotoxic to central and ventral spinal neurons, while low dose nicotine protected neurons and activated the Wnt1 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Farihah Iqbal Khan, Zubair Ahmed
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex and prolonged injury process that leads to loss of neurological functions. Current treatments are limited and novel treatments targeting ongoing injury processes are needed. In a systematic review of studies, combined tetrahedral framework nucleic acid with neural stem cells and Fortasyn (R) Connect supplementation showed significant improvements in functional recovery and attenuated secondary injury processes.
Article
Immunology
Weiyi Zhao, Natalie Gasterich, Tim Clarner, Clara Voelz, Victoria Behrens, Cordian Beyer, Athanassios Fragoulis, Adib Zendedel
Summary: This study suggests that activation of Nrf2 in astrocytes protects against spinal cord injury by reducing oxidative damage and neuroinflammation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyu-ree Kang, Jin Kim, Bokyeong Ryu, Seul-Gi Lee, Min-Seok Oh, Jieun Baek, Xiaoping Ren, Sergio Canavero, C-Yoon Kim, Hyung Min Chung
Summary: This study demonstrates that local/immediate administration of the calcium chelator BAPTA is strongly neuroprotective following severe spinal cord injury. The use of BAPTA inhibited neuronal apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation, leading to improved preservation of electrophysiological function and better behavioral recovery.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Soo Yeon Sun, Simon F. Giszter, Susan J. Harkema, Claudia A. Angeli
Summary: This study investigated the modular synergy organization of locomotor muscle activity in spinal cord injury (SCI) subjects during assisted stepping. The results showed fundamental differences between SCI and non-disabled subjects in motor modules, as well as a level of stability in synergy structures in the SCI population. This suggests that spinal circuitry reorganization after injury may affect the modular organization of locomotor muscles.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isaura Martins, Dalila Neves-Silva, Mariana Ascensao-Ferreira, Ana Filipa Dias, Daniel Ribeiro, Ana Filipa Isidro, Raquel Quiteria, Diogo Paramos-de-Carvalho, Nuno L. Barbosa-Morais, Leonor Saude
Summary: Traumatic spinal cord injury leads to cellular events that result in tissue loss and neuroinflammation. The disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier allows immune cells to infiltrate and creates a toxic microenvironment that hinders axonal regeneration. Understanding the vascular response to injury is crucial for improving spinal cord repair.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Claire F. Meehan, Kyle A. Mayr, Marin Manuel, Stan T. Nakanishi, Patrick J. Whelan
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erin-Mai F. Lim, Stan T. Nakanishi, Vahid Hoghooghi, Shane E. A. Eaton, Alexandra L. Palmer, Ariana Frederick, Jo A. Stratton, Morgan G. Stykel, Patrick J. Whelan, Douglas W. Zochodne, Jeffrey Biernaskie, Shalina S. Ousman
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prajay T. Shah, Jo A. Stratton, Morgan Gail Stykel, Sepideh Abbasi, Sandeep Sharma, Kyle A. Mayr, Kathrin Koblinger, Patrick J. Whelan, Jeff Biernaskie
Review
Neurosciences
C. Jean-Xavier, S. A. Sharples, K. A. Mayr, A. P. Lognon, P. J. Whelan
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandeep Sharma, Linda H. Kim, Kyle A. Mayr, David A. Elliott, Patrick J. Whelan
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Editorial Material
Biology
Simon A. Sharples, Patrick J. Whelan
Article
Neurosciences
A. N. Dalrymple, S. A. Sharples, N. Osachoff, A. P. Lagnon, P. J. Whelan
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kyle A. Mayr, Leanne Young, Leonardo A. Molina, Michelle A. Tran, Patrick J. Whelan
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Robert Fiker, Linda H. Kim, Leonardo A. Molina, Taylor Chomiak, Patrick J. Whelan
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Kyle A. Mayr, Charlie H. T. Kwok, Shane E. A. Eaton, Glen B. Baker, Patrick J. Whelan
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon A. Sharples, Nicole E. Burma, Joanna Borowska-Fielding, Charlie H. T. Kwok, Shane E. A. Eaton, Glen B. Baker, Celine Jean-Xavier, Ying Zhang, Tuan Trang, Patrick J. Whelan
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Nadine Bernhardt, Fatima Memic, Anna Velica, Michelle A. Tran, Jennifer Vieillard, Shumaila Sayyab, Taha Chersa, Leif Andersson, Patrick J. Whelan, Henrik Boije, Klas Kullander
Summary: Identifying the spinal circuits controlling locomotion is critical for understanding the mechanisms of gait production. This study reveals the important role of axon guidance molecules in the development of these circuits. Using hop mice as a model, the researchers found that these mice exhibit a characteristic hopping gait due to defects in the ventral spinal cord. The study provides valuable insights into the developmental processes involved in locomotion control.
Review
Physiology
Sandeep Sharma, Linda H. Kim, Patrick J. Whelan
CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Sukanya Biswabharati, Celine Jean-Xavier, Shane E. A. Eaton, Adam P. Lognon, Rhiannon Brett, Louisa Hardjasa, Patrick J. Whelan
Article
Neurosciences
Simon A. Sharples, Patrick J. Whelan
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.