Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Casey-Tyler Berezin, Nikolas Bergum, Glenda M. Torres Lopez, Jozsef Vigh
Summary: Opioids are effective analgesics, but their dangerous side effects need to be considered. Research on opioid pharmacokinetics provides crucial information on drug effects. This study found that morphine accumulates in the mouse retina at higher concentrations than in the brain and that reduced P-gp expression may be the cause. P-gp was identified as the main opioid transporter at the blood-retina barrier, and its expression correlated with morphine concentration in the retina.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jamie Marino, Monique E. Maubert, Jill M. Lawrence, Brian Wigdahl, Michael R. Nonnemacher
Summary: The blood-brain barrier plays a crucial role in regulating the passage of molecules between the central nervous system and peripheral circulation. Repeat morphine dosing may not significantly affect the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hai -Jun Liu, Peisheng Xu
Summary: Compared to surgery and radiation therapy, chemotherapy is not as effective in treating brain cancer and cancer brain metastases due to the physiological characteristics of intracranial tumors. Nanomedicines have shown promising therapeutic potential in brain tumors by employing various strategies. It is important to comprehensively summarize these practices for the development of therapeutic regimens for brain tumors.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shanshan Zhang, Lin Gan, Fengye Cao, Hao Wang, Peng Gong, Congcong Ma, Li Ren, Yubo Lin, Xianming Lin
Summary: This review provides an overview of the three barriers formed between the cerebrovascular and the brain parenchyma, focusing on the composition and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It discusses the limitations of the BBB for drug delivery and explores potential strategies for improving CNS drug delivery.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
P. Heydari, M. L. F. Martins, H. Rosing, M. J. X. Hillebrand, A. Gebretensae, A. H. Schinkel, J. H. Beijnen
Summary: This study developed and validated a UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of morphine and its glucuronide metabolites in mouse plasma and tissue homogenates. The method showed a wide linear range, high accuracy and precision, and successful application in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies in mice.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
P. Heydari, M. L. F. Martins, H. Rosing, M. J. X. Hillebrand, A. Gebretensae, A. H. Schinkel, J. H. Beijnen
Summary: This study developed and validated a UPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide, and morphine-6-glucuronide in mouse plasma and tissue homogenates to support preclinical pharmacokinetic studies. The method involved protein precipitation, evaporation, and reconstitution, and successfully quantified the analytes within specified linear ranges. The method was shown to be applicable in a preclinical pharmacokinetic study in mice.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
P. Heydari, M. L. F. Martins, H. Rosing, M. J. X. Hillebrand, A. Gebretensae, A. H. Schinkel, J. H. Beijnen
Summary: This study developed and validated a UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of morphine components in mouse plasma and tissue samples. The method demonstrated a wide validation range and high accuracy, showing potential for application in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenxuan Han, Yang Song, Marcelo Rocha, Yejie Shi
Summary: Brain edema is a devastating consequence of ischemic stroke, with malignant cerebral edema being the main cause of high mortality in large hemispheric strokes. Despite efforts to understand the mechanisms and find therapeutic targets, current treatments for ischemic brain edema focus on relieving symptoms rather than stopping its formation and progression. Recent research has revealed novel cellular mechanisms and advancements in neuroimaging techniques that offer opportunities for early diagnosis and intervention in stroke patients. Understanding how therapeutic reperfusion affects cerebral edema formation post-stroke is critical for decision-making and management. This review summarizes these research advances in ischemic brain edema, aiming to provide insight for future research on diagnosis and treatment.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Berfin Gulave, Divakar Budda, Mohammed A. A. Saleh, J. G. Coen van Hasselt, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport of morphine is affected by passive diffusion, active efflux, and saturable active influx, leading to nonlinear plasma concentration-dependent pharmacokinetics in the brain extracellular fluid (brainECF). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nonlinear BBB transport on brainECF pharmacokinetics of morphine and its metabolites using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic simulation. The results showed that the relative morphine exposure and peak-to-trough ratios are dose-dependent, with the highest exposure found in once daily 0.25 mg extended-release (ER) dosing and the lowest exposure in 6-daily 150 mg intravenous (IV) dosing. The nonlinearity of morphine BBB transport mainly affects the brainECF exposure and fluctuation of morphine and its metabolites at lower dosing regimens.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya, Aysel Mamedova, Valeria Vinnik, Maria Klimova, Elena Saranceva, Vasily Ageev, Tingting Yu, Dan Zhu, Thomas Penzel, Juergen Kurths
Summary: The years 2020 and 2021 have been marked by the unprecedented global spread of COVID-19, leading to disruptions in sleep patterns and potential BBB leakage. Neuroinflammation caused by stress is a key factor in sleep disorders and BBB disruption. Controlling sleep hygiene and quality is crucial for incorporating into rehabilitation plans for COVID-19 patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nikolas Bergum, Casey-Tyler Berezin, Gregory Dooley, Jozsef Vigh
Summary: This study measured the levels of morphine in the retina of mice after systemic exposure and found that morphine accumulates in the retina for a longer time and at higher concentrations than in the brain. These findings suggest that chronic use of opioid drugs can lead to morphine accumulation in the retina, which may have detrimental effects on visual functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Jianming Xiang, Ya Hua, Guohua Xi, Richard F. Keep
Summary: This review evaluates the movement of fluid from blood to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and discusses the impact of ion transport in the choroid plexus (CP) epithelium and cerebral vasculature on fluid flow. It also addresses the potential targets for modulating CP fluid secretion, NKCC1 and TRPV4. Furthermore, it highlights the dynamic changes in fluid secretion and their role in the controversies over the CP's involvement in brain fluid secretion.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammed A. A. Saleh, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
Summary: This study investigated the impact of altered cerebral blood flow, tight junction paracellular pore radius, brain extracellular fluid volume, and pH values on drug transport and concentrations in the central nervous system. The results showed drug-dependent effects of pathophysiological changes on blood-brain barrier transport and drug concentrations within the brain extracellular and intracellular fluid. Changes in pore radius, pH values, and blood flow affected the rate and extent of drug transport, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in drug delivery to the brain.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianhui Wang, Ting Zhou, Feng Liu, Yan Huang, Zhiyong Xiao, Yan Qian, Wenxia Zhou
Summary: Excessive stress can disrupt the central nervous system, with individuals responding differently to stress and trauma. These responses can be categorized as susceptibility or resilience. The gut microbiota plays a role in stress-related resilience or susceptibility by influencing neuronal function through the gut-brain axis. Understanding the mechanisms of resilience and identifying biomarkers may lead to new directions in research and therapeutic interventions for stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew Boyko, Benjamin F. Gruenbaum, Anna Oleshko, Igor Merzlikin, Alexander Zlotnik
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long-term impacts on cognitive and mental functioning and significantly decreases quality of life. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in regulating glutamate levels in the brain. Studies have shown that reducing excess glutamate can help treat post-TBI depression, anxiety, and aggression. This article evaluates the role of dietary glutamate in the development of depression after TBI.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mariadelfina Molinaro, Carlo Pellegrini, Barbara Cattadori, Simona De Gregori
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona De Gregori, Carmine Tinelli, Federica Manzoni, Antonella Bartoli
Summary: The study evaluated the agreement between a new and faster analytical method and the gold standard method in calculating the exposure of Busulfan. Results showed excellent agreement between the two methods, indicating that the new method is a very good alternative to the reference.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Domagoj Kifer, Dario Bugada, Judit Villar-Garcia, Ivan Gudelj, Cristina Menni, Carole Sudre, Frano Vuckovic, Ivo Ugrina, Luca F. Lorini, Margarita Posso, Silvia Bettinelli, Nicola Ughi, Alessandro Maloberti, Oscar Epis, Cristina Giannattasio, Claudio Rossetti, Livije Kalogjera, Jasminka Persec, Luke Ollivere, Benjamin J. Ollivere, Huadong Yan, Ting Cai, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Claire J. Steves, Anu Kantele, Mikael Kajova, Olli Vapalahti, Antti Sajantila, Rafal Wojtowicz, Waldemar Wierzba, Zbigniew Krol, Artur Zaczynski, Katarina Zycinska, Marek Postula, Ivica Luksic, Rok Civljak, Alemka Markotic, Johannes Brachmann, Andreas Markl, Christian Mahnkopf, Benjamin Murray, Sebastien Ourselin, Ana M. Valdes, Juan P. Horcajada, Xavier Castells, Julio Pascual, Massimo Allegri, Dragan Primorac, Tim D. Spector, Clara Barrios, Gordan Lauc
Summary: Research on COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals and individuals reporting symptoms showed a significant decrease in disease severity in Europe between March and May, possibly attributed to the seasonality of COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Franco Cavaliere, Massimo Allegri, Alparslan Apan, Edoardo Calderini, Massimiliano Carassiti, Edmond Cohen, Flaminia Coluzzi, Pierangelo Di Marco, Olivier Langeron, Marco Rossi, Peter Spieth, David Turnbull
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona De Gregori, Annalisa De Silvestri, Maria Delfina Molinaro, Vincenzina Monzillo, Simona Biscarini, Marta Colaneri, Ilaria Gallazzi, Antonella Bartoli, Raffaele Bruno, Elena Seminari
Summary: The study demonstrated that high daily doses of daptomycin are needed for treating Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users on methadone treatment to achieve satisfactory pharmacodynamic parameters. Close monitoring of daptomycin plasma concentration is recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Nicoletta Marchesi, Stefano Govoni, Massimo Allegri
Summary: This review summarizes the pain-relieving effect of non-drug substances, which are prescribed as integrators in the treatment of various types of pain. It highlights the potential of these substances in providing relief for chronic pain, but emphasizes the need for further independent clinical studies to confirm their efficacy in therapy.
Review
Anesthesiology
Franco Cavaliere, Massimo Allegri, Alparslan Apan, Luca Brazzi, Massimiliano Carassiti, Edmond Cohen, Pierangelo Di Marco, Olivier Langeron, Marco Rossi, Peter Spieth, David Turnbull, Frank Weber
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Massimo Allegri, Michele Incerti, Sam Eldabe
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marc Parisien, Lucas Lima, Concetta Dagostino, Nehme El-Hachem, Gillian L. Drury, Audrey Grant, Jonathan Huising, Vivek Verma, Carolina B. Meloto, Jaqueline R. Silva, Gabrielle G. S. Dutra, Teodora Markova, Hong Dang, Philippe A. Tessier, Gary D. Slade, Andrea G. Nackley, Nader Ghasemlou, Jeffrey S. Mogil, Massimo Allegri, Luda Diatchenko
Summary: This study investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic low back pain and found that inflammatory responses may play a protective role against the development of chronic pain. Early treatment with steroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may provide short-term analgesic effects but could have detrimental effects on long-term outcomes of back pain sufferers.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona De Gregori, Francesco Falaschi, Alessia Ballesio, Alessandra Fusco, Elisa Cremonte, Roberta Canta, Umberto Sabatini, Mariadelfina Molinaro, Carlo Soffiantini, Alba Nardone, Alessandro Vicentini, Annalisa De Silvestri, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: The study reveals that short-term hydroxychloroquine treatment can result in sustained levels of hydroxychloroquine concentration above the safe threshold for up to 16 days after treatment discontinuation. Additionally, there is a significant correlation between prolonged corrected QT interval and hydroxychloroquine concentration.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona De Gregori, Annalisa De Silvestri, Barbara Cattadori, Andrea Rapagnani, Riccardo Albertini, Elisa Novello, Monica Concardi, Eloisa Arbustini, Carlo Pellegrini
Summary: Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressant drug used for preventing organ rejection after transplantation. This study suggests that the concentration of tacrolimus in endomyocardial biopsies may be more relevant to the occurrence of acute rejection than the concentration in whole blood. Preliminary results indicate a possible association between low tacrolimus concentrations in endomyocardial biopsies and episodes of acute rejection.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Simona De Gregori, Eleonora Gelli, Mara Capone, Giulia Gambini, Elisa Roncoroni, Marianna Rossi, Claudia Patricia Tobar Cabrera, Gianluca Martini, Ludovica Calabretta, Luca Arcaini, Riccardo Albertini, Patrizia Zappasodi
Summary: The combination of hypomethylating agents (HMA) azacytidine or decitabine with venetoclax (VEN) has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged over 75 years and those unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy. To prevent fungal infection during the early phase of treatment, posaconazole (PCZ) is commonly administered as primary prophylaxis. 165 plasma samples from 11 elderly AML patients receiving combined treatment with HMA, VEN, and PCZ were analyzed to determine the serum levels of venetoclax and the need for therapeutic drug monitoring due to high inter-individual variability in pharmacokinetics.
Article
Hematology
Stefania Bramanti, Chiara De Philippis, Antonella Bartoli, Laura Giordano, Jacopo Mariotti, Barbara Sarina, Daniele Mannina, Viviana Valli, Simona De Gregori, Martina Roperti, Gabriella Pieri, Luca Castagna
Summary: The study evaluated the outcomes and feasibility of a reduced-toxicity conditioning regimen comprising thiotepa, Bu, and fludarabine (TBF) with therapeutic drug monitoring of Busulfan in patients with hematologic disorders. The results support the efficacy of PK-guided Bu dose in the context of a TBF conditioning regimen and the feasibility of therapeutic dosage monitoring of i.v. Bu for patients with hematologic diseases.
TRANSPLANTATION AND CELLULAR THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sodbo Z. Sharapov, Alexandra S. Shadrina, Yakov A. Tsepilov, Elizaveta E. Elgaeva, Evgeny S. Tiys, Sofya G. Feoktistova, Olga O. Zaytseva, Frano Vuckovic, Rafael Cuadrat, Susanne Jaeger, Clemens Wittenbecher, Lennart C. Karssen, Maria Timofeeva, Therese Tillin, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Tamara Stambuk, Najda Rudman, Jasminka Kristic, Jelena Simunovic, Ana Momcilovic, Marija Vilaj, Julija Juric, Anita Slana, Ivan Gudelj, Thomas Klaric, Livia Puljak, Andrea Skelin, Antonia Jelicic Kadic, Jan Van Zundert, Nishi Chaturvedi, Harry Campbell, Malcolm Dunlop, Susan M. Farrington, Margaret Doherty, Concetta Dagostino, Christian Gieger, Massimo Allegri, Frances Williams, Matthias B. Schulze, Gordan Lauc, Yurii S. Aulchenko
Summary: The translation discusses the importance of protein glycosylation and related research, as well as the application of genome-wide association studies in this field. Furthermore, the necessity of replication studies on previously identified loci is highlighted.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tea Petrovic, Ines Alves, Dario Bugada, Julio Pascual, Frano Vuckovic, Andrea Skelin, Joana Gaifem, Judit Villar-Garcia, Manuel M. Vicente, Angela Fernandes, Ana M. Dias, Ivan-Christian Kurolt, Alemka Markotic, Dragan Primorac, Adriana Soares, Luis Malheiro, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Miguel Abreu, Rui Sarmento E. Castro, Silvia Bettinelli, Annapaola Callegaro, Marco Arosio, Lorena Sangiorgio, Luca F. Lorini, Xavier Castells, Juan P. Horcajada, Salome S. Pinho, Massimo Allegri, Clara Barrios, Gordan Lauc
Summary: There are significant differences in the composition of the IgG N-glycome between severe and mild COVID-19 cases, with a notable decrease in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine in severe patients. Additionally, IgG galactosylation was found to be lower in severe cases, although the difference was not statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
