Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Brian S. Lee, Bumho Kim, Alexandre P. Freitas, Aseema Mohanty, Yibo Zhu, Gaurang R. Bhatt, James Hone, Michal Lipson
Summary: Graphene-based electro-optic modulators demonstrate higher bandwidth and performance at low temperatures, offering a solution to the reduced bandwidth issue of existing integrated modulators in cryogenic applications.
Article
Optics
Zhaobang Zeng, Lemeng Leng, Peiyan Zhao, Chenbin Zhang, Ding Ding, Dun Mao, Tingyi Gu, Wei Jiang
Summary: In a parallel-coupled dual-racetrack modulator, interference between resonant light in two resonators is utilized to achieve high extinction ratios for high-speed modulation. The modulator also enables the generation of four-level pulse-amplitude modulation without an external DAC.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oleksandr Buchnev, James A. Grant-Jacob, Robert W. Eason, Nikolay I. Zheludev, Ben Mills, Kevin F. MacDonald
Summary: Researchers have developed a deep learning method based on prior experience to predict the postfabrication appearance of structures manufactured by focused ion beam (FIB) milling, which can expedite the optimization process and improve reproducibility in FIB processing.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
David Coenen, Herman Oprins, Yoojin Ban, Filippo Ferraro, Marianna Pantouvaki, Joris Van Campenhout, Ingrid De Wolf
Summary: This paper investigates the thermal modeling and energy efficiency optimization of heaters in silicon photonic ring modulators. By implementing undercut in the silicon substrate, thermal isolation is achieved to improve the efficiency and stability of the heaters.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vigneshwaran Chandrasekaran, Michael Titze, Anthony R. R. Flores, Deanna Campbell, Jacob Henshaw, Andrew C. C. Jones, Edward S. S. Bielejec, Han Htoon
Summary: Focused ion beam implantation enables precise placement of defect centers in wide bandgap semiconductors at nanometer scale. A scalable technique is demonstrated for creating single defects in commercial grade silicon carbide using repeated low dose implantation and in situ photoluminescence evaluation. An array of 9 single defects in 13 targeted locations is successfully created, achieving a yield of approximately 70%, which is significantly higher than traditional single pass ion implantation.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhen-Xuan He, Qiang Li, Xiao-Lei Wen, Ji-Yang Zhou, Wu-Xi Lin, Zhi-He Hao, Jin-Shi Xu, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo
Summary: Precise generation of single silicon vacancy defect arrays in silicon carbide was achieved using a helium-ion microscope. The generated silicon vacancies were identified through optical detection and photoluminescence spectra. By optimizing the ion dose, high conversion yield and generation rate were realized. This work paves the way for integrating and engineering color centers in photonic structures and utilizing spin defects in silicon carbide for quantum sensing applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Deying Xia, Ying-Bing Jiang, John Notte, Doug Runt
Summary: This study compares the usage of a neon focused ion beam with the traditional gallium focused ion beam for milling GaAs material, finding that neon FIB produces less undesired artifacts and subsurface damage at lower energies. Additionally, neon FIB can create trenches as small as 20 nm wide with high fidelity and minimal damage.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanran Liu, Yuanyuan Qu, Yue Liu, Hang Yin, Jinglun Liu, Yang Tan, Feng Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the construction of lateral diodes on graphene-based heterostructures using focused ion-beam writing, achieving rectification and current regulating functions. The introduction of Se-defects endows the heterostructure with unique electronic properties, enabling the construction of diodes with comparable performance. Additionally, AND and OR logic gates were directly inscribed on the heterostructure to showcase practical applications in digital logic electronics.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sergey Dedyulin, Alexander Grzetic-Muffo, Siegfried Janz, Dan-Xia Xu, Shurui Wang, Martin Vachon, John Weber
Summary: In this paper, the improvements to the first prototype of Si ring-resonator thermometer were reported, including narrower ring resonances, different light polarization in the ring, and smaller-footprint probe housing. The second prototype was evaluated in a stirred liquid bath between 23°C and 80°C over the span of 11 months, and the full uncertainty budget for the packaged ring-resonator thermometer was presented for the first time. The combined 10-mK standard uncertainty included both the repeatability and an 11-month long-term stability component, indicating the potential for a commercial ring-resonator thermometer.
Article
Physics, Applied
Hongyan Yu, Bin Li, Lu Wang, Feng Qiu
Summary: A new approach to heterogeneously integrate organic electro-optic (EO) polymer on silicon nitride (SiN) platforms for high-performance modulators has been presented. By utilizing the unique properties of SiN, a strong overlap between the optical and electrical field can be achieved, and the insertion of sol-gel SiO2 side-claddings increases the EO activity. The fabricated micro-ring modulator exhibits high electrical tunability, bandwidth, and data rate.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zuoqin Ding, Jialve Sun, Changhui Li, Yaocheng Shi
Summary: This paper presents a method to build micro-ring resonators as ultrasound sensors on the Silicon-On-Insulator platform. By utilizing the transverse magnetic mode and introducing the elastomer as cladding, the sensitivity and bandwidth of the sensors are improved. The fabricated micro-ring resonator shows high Q value and steep slope, achieving high sensing bandwidth and sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew C. Madison, John S. Villarrubia, Kuo-Tang Liao, Craig R. Copeland, Joshua Schumacher, Kerry Siebein, B. Robert Ilic, J. Alexander Liddle, Samuel M. Stavis
Summary: This article focuses on the study of the fundamental tradespace of resolution and throughput in focused-ion-beam machining. By using chromia and silica as materials, complex test structures were fabricated and characterized to explore the response of the bilayer to a focused beam of gallium cations. The results showed a super-resolution factor of up to 6+/-2 and improvements to volume throughput of at least factors of 42+/-2.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Rakesh M. Krishna, Ali Eftekhar, Sanghoon Lee, Tianren Fan, Xi Wu, Amir Hosseinnia, Hua Wang, Madhavan Swaminathan, Ali Adibi
Summary: A device platform based on polysilicon-based micro-heaters is demonstrated for tuning the resonance wavelength of active Si photonics in CMOS-foundry processes. The miniaturized micro-heater can be directly placed on the active Si layer and provides optical and electrical isolation for ultrafast active photonic devices. Experimental results show high tuning efficiency and fast switching time, enabling efficient and high-speed wavelength tuning.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Evgeny Mikheev, Tino Zimmerling, Amelia Estry, Philip J. W. Moll, David Goldhaber-Gordon
Summary: In this work, two previously incompatible techniques are combined to define electronic devices. By using focused ion beam (FIB) to shape three-dimensional crystals and two-dimensional electrostatic accumulation of charge carriers, a sacrificial protective layer is used to preserve the surface quality. The accumulation of charge carriers using ionic liquid gating demonstrates the superconductivity of the accumulated carriers, and this technique opens new possibilities for electrostatic charge tuning in materials.
Article
Optics
Q. Li, C. P. Ho, H. Tang, M. Okano, K. Ikeda, S. Takagi, M. Takenaka
Summary: A novel Si racetrack optical modulator integrated with a III-V/Si hybrid MOS optical phase shifter was fabricated with advantages of miniaturization, low energy consumption, and high modulation bandwidth.
Article
Optics
Youngho Jung, Sunghyun Bae, Kyungmok Kwon, Colin J. Mitchell, Ali Z. Khokhar, Graham T. Reed, James S. Wilkinson, Yun C. Chung, Kyoungsik Yu
Summary: Light-induced manipulation techniques are used to transport, trap, or levitate microscopic objects without direct physical contact, finding applications in biology, electronics, and photonics. By using a microbubble-based optofluidic pick-and-place assembly process, high-speed vertical electrical contacts can be achieved on silicon-based photonic integrated circuit chips.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Optics
G. Mourgias-Alexandris, M. Moralis-Pegios, A. Tsakyridis, N. Passalis, M. Kirtas, A. Tefas, T. Rutirawut, F. Y. Gardes, N. Pleros
Summary: Photonic neural network accelerators (PNNAs) are a new class of custom hardware that leverage the maturity of photonic integration to address the computational requirements of deep learning workloads. Researchers have proposed a channel response-aware DL architecture that can overcome the challenges of high-speed computing on bandwidth-limited photonic devices and achieve high accuracy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. Mourgias-Alexandris, M. Moralis-Pegios, A. Tsakyridis, S. Simos, G. Dabos, A. Totovic, N. Passalis, M. Kirtas, T. Rutirawut, F. Y. Gardes, A. Tefas, N. Pleros
Summary: This study presents a noise-resilient deep learning coherent photonic neural network layout for high-speed and high-accuracy deep learning applications. By introducing a noise-resilient hardware architectural and a deep learning training platform, the researchers address the noise-related issues and achieve promising results in terms of compute rates and classification accuracy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valerio Vitali, Cosimo Lacava, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Frederic Y. Gardes, Periklis Petropoulos
Summary: We propose a versatile strategy to design highly efficient dual-level grating couplers in different silicon nitride-based photonic platforms. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves high directionality and grating-fibre mode matching by simultaneously optimizing two grating coupler levels. The use of Si-rich silicon nitride as the top layer material enables similar performance to traditional silicon material with relaxed fabrication tolerances.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilias Skandalos, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Lorenzo Mastronardi, Teerapat Rutirawut, Frederic Y. Gardes
Summary: The integration of fast and power efficient electro-absorption modulators on silicon is crucial for various applications. Currently, Franz-Keldysh modulators based on bulk Ge or GeSi are widely used due to their simple integration. However, to achieve operation at a wider range of wavelengths, a thick stack of Ge/GeSi layers forming quantum wells is needed, which complicates the sub-micron waveguide coupling.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefan T. Ilie, Joaquin Faneca, Ioannis Zeimpekis, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Katarzyna Grabska, Daniel W. Hewak, Harold M. H. Chong, Frederic Y. Gardes
Summary: This work explores a new family of phase change materials based on antimony for applications in near-IR tunable photonics. The optical characteristics and thermal tunability of Sb2S3 are characterized, and integration into a silicon nitride platform is demonstrated using a microring resonator. The potential applications include optically controlled memories and high-density switch matrix.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yaonan Hou, Ilias Skandalos, Mingchu Tang, Hui Jia, Huiwen Deng, Xuezhe Yu, Yasir Noori, Spyros Stathopoulos, Siming Chen, Huiyun Liu, Alwyn Seeds, Graham Reed, Frederic Gardes
Summary: We investigate the surface and interface engineering on InAs quantum dot emitters using edge-emitting light-emitting diodes encapsulated with non-stoichiometric silicon nitride (SiN) layers. Our findings show that silicon-rich SiN is an excellent choice for both electrical and optical passivation, reducing surface recombination. However, N-rich SiN deposited by the same method does not provide effective passivation under electrical injection. This research provides important insights for the monolithic integration of InAs quantum dot emitters with CMOS photonics components.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Weiwei Zhang, Martin Ebert, Ke Li, Bigeng Chen, Xingzhao Yan, Han Du, Mehdi Banakar, Dehn T. Tran, Callum G. Littlejohns, Adam Scofield, Guomin Yu, Roshanak Shafiiha, Aaron Zilkie, Graham Reed, David J. Thomson
Summary: Researchers have proposed a mechanism to enhance the extinction ratio of a low-quality-factor, high-speed ring modulator by harnessing the plasma absorption induced in a silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor waveguide, paving a way to the evolution of optical interconnects to 100 Gbaud and beyond per wavelength.
Article
Optics
Valerio Vitali, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Cosimo Lacava, Riccardo Marchetti, Lorenzo Mastronardi, Teerapat Rutirawut, Glenn Churchill, Joaquin Faneca, James C. Gates, Frederic Gardes, Periklis Petropoulos
Summary: This paper presents the design and experimental demonstration of a dual-level grating coupler with subdecibel efficiency for a 220 nm thick silicon photonics waveguide. The device consists of two grating levels with two different linear apodizations, opposite chirping signs, and variable period for each scattering unit. The experimental results show a coupling efficiency of -0.8 dB at 1550 nm, which is the highest efficiency reported in the telecommunications C-band for a single-layer silicon grating structure without the use of any backreflector or index matching material.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiansong Fang, Ke Li, David J. Thomson, Fan Yang, Shenghao Liu, Weiwei Zhang, Wei Cao, Callum G. Littlejohns, XingZhao Yan, Martin Ebert, Mehdi Banakar, Dehn Tran, Fanfan Meng, Han Du, Graham T. Reed, Fan Zhang
Summary: We investigated the performance boundary of integrated CMOS silicon photonics transmitters using DSP techniques, achieving 170Gbaud OOK generation and 120Gbaud 20km transmission with a low power consumption driver amplifier.
2022 ASIA COMMUNICATIONS AND PHOTONICS CONFERENCE, ACP
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Ilias Skandalos, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Lorenzo Mastronardi, Teerapat Rutirawut, Frederic Y. Gardes
Summary: This study presents the monolithic integration of micro-metric silicon nitride and silicon-on-insulator platforms, demonstrating sub-dB coupling loss and less than -16dB back-reflection for operation in the O-band.
2022 PHOTONICS NORTH (PN)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Ilias Skandalos, Lorenzo Mastronardi, Teerapat Rutirawut, Frederic Y. Gardes
Summary: This paper presents an experimental demonstration of a silicon nitride (de)multiplexer integrated with a thick silicon-on-insulator platform for coarse wavelength division multiplexing applications in the O-band.
2022 PHOTONICS NORTH (PN)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Julia Igual, Marisa Catalan, Miguel Catalan-Cid, Francisco Vazquez-Gallego, Javier Fernandez, Raul Munoz, Roshan Sedar, Ramon Casellas, Ricard Vilalta, Anna Calveras, Josep Paradells, Mathieu Lefebvre, Frederic Gardes, Jean-Marc Odinot, Francesca Moscatelli, Giada Landi, Soumya Kanti Datta, Jerome Harri, Rodrigo Silva, Xavier Vilajosana
Summary: This paper presents the evaluation of a compact prototype that integrates GPS-RTK, UWB, and INS technologies for vehicle localization in the H2020 5GCroCo project. The prototype, integrated with 5GCroCo's On-Board Unit (OBU) equipment, is tested in the Anticipated Cooperative Collision Avoidance (ACCA) Use Case at the Barcelona small-scale trial site.
2022 JOINT EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS & 6G SUMMIT (EUCNC/6G SUMMIT)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
S. T. Ilie, G. De Paoli, A. Flint, T. Dominguez Bucio, P. Ginel-Moreno, J. Sagar, A. Ortega-Monux, K. Lekkas, T. Rutirawut, L. Mastronardi, I Skandalos, I Molina-Fernandez, G. T. Kanellos, P. Cheben, P. G. R. Smith, J. C. Gates, F. Y. Gardes
Summary: Silicon nitride (SiNx) is a widely used material in CMOS photonics, enabling the development of low-cost CMOS compatible waveguides and photonic components. Researchers have successfully created a new type of surface-emitting silicon nitride waveguide with antenna lengths exceeding 5 mm. By utilizing small spot direct ultraviolet writing, they achieved periodic refractive index changes and obtained narrow beam widths.
SMART PHOTONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 2022
(2022)
