Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Naoya Yuizumi, Yujin Harada, Takaaki Kuniya, Takehiko Sunabori, Masato Koike, Masaki Wakabayashi, Yasushi Ishihama, Yutaka Suzuki, Daichi Kawaguchi, Yukiko Gotoh
Summary: Lysosomes play a crucial role in regulating the differentiation of neural stem-progenitor cells in the embryonic brain, with TFEB and TFE3 potentially maintaining the undifferentiated state of NPCs through controlling lysosomal biosynthesis. The abundance of lysosomes is associated with cell division activity and the embryonic origin of adult NSCs. TFEB-AA overexpression suppresses neuronal differentiation and the cell cycle of neocortical NPCs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaoru Tominaga, Eiji Sakashita, Katsumi Kasashima, Kenji Kuroiwa, Yasumitsu Nagao, Naoki Iwamori, Hitoshi Endo
Summary: Epigenetic factors play a crucial role in establishing functional organ systems during development, including brain development. However, the precise mechanism of epigenetic regulation in brain development and neurogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, the researchers discovered the critical role of the Tip60 protein in brain development and the maintenance and function of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs). Tip60 deficiency led to multiple abnormalities in brain development, including microcephaly, reduced proliferation of developing brain cells, and impaired neural differentiation and migration. The study also revealed that Tip60 is involved in the transition from neurogenesis to gliogenesis during brain development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kseniia Sarieva, Simone Mayer
Summary: The translation provides an overview of how prenatal environmental adversity impacts human brain development and the use of brain organoids to study these effects. It also highlights the challenges in the field, such as protocol variability and a lack of benchmarking for cross-study comparisons.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Bonsang Koo, Ki-Heon Lee, Guo-li Ming, Ki-Jun Yoon, Hongjun Song
Summary: Radial glial cells (RGCs) are primary neural stem cells in the mammalian cortex, and they give rise to different types of neurons and glial cells with precise spatio-temporal development. Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic regulatory mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin architecture, play crucial roles in controlling the temporal competence of RGCs during mammalian corticogenesis. Various developmental elements, such as biochemical reaction speed, local environmental changes, and subcellular organelle remodeling, also dynamically regulate the temporal competence of RGCs. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms regulating interspecies developmental tempo contribute to human-specific features of brain development.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi, Sajad Sahab Negah, Ahmad Ghorbani, Azar Hosseini, Hamid R. Sadeghnia
Summary: The study demonstrates that LEV can enhance the proliferation of rat embryonic neural stem cells and promote neuronal differentiation mainly through an NMDA receptor-mediated mechanism.
Editorial Material
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Stefano Pluchino, Alexandra M. Nicaise
Summary: Adult neural stem cells can oscillate between activated and dormant states in response to systemic TNF-a and its receptors, TNFRII and TNFRI, as identified by Belenguer et al. in Cell Stem Cell.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katerina Skopalova, Katarzyna Anna Radaszkiewicz, Vera Kasparkova, Jaroslav Stejskal, Patrycja Bober, Ita Junkar, Miran Mozetic, Zdenka Capakova, Marian Lehocky, Martina Kasparova, Jiri Pachernik, Petr Humpolicek
Summary: Polypyrrole, as a representative of electro-conducting biomaterials, has been found to induce neurogenesis in embryonic bodies formed from embryonic stem cells through modulating signaling pathways. This effect is attributed to low-molecular-weight compounds present in aqueous polypyrrole extracts, leading to the importance of considering stem cell differentiation modulation when using polypyrrole as a biomaterial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alise Zagare, Kyriaki Barmpa, Semra Smajic, Lisa M. Smits, Kamil Grzyb, Anne Grunewald, Alexander Skupin, Sarah L. Nickels, Jens C. Schwamborn
Summary: Human brain organoids are a valuable tool for studying neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease. This study shows that the in vitro model of human midbrain organoids accurately recapitulates the developmental path and cellular composition of the in vivo midbrain. The researchers also discovered that a specific genetic variant affects neurodevelopment and identified potential candidate genes associated with this variant.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoyu Wei, Sulei Fu, Hanbo Li, Yang Liu, Shuai Wang, Weimin Feng, Yunzhi Yang, Xiawei Liu, Yan-Yun Zeng, Mengnan Cheng, Yiwei Lai, Xiaojie Qiu, Liang Wu, Nannan Zhang, Yujia Jiang, Jiangshan Xu, Xiaoshan Su, Cheng Peng, Lei Han, Wilson Pak-Kin Lou, Chuanyu Liu, Yue Yuan, Kailong Ma, Tao Yang, Xiangyu Pan, Shang Gao, Ao Chen, Miguel A. Esteban, Huanming Yang, Jian Wang, Guangyi Fan, Longqi Liu, Liang Chen, Xun Xu, Ji-Feng Fei, Ying Gu
Summary: This study used Stereo-seq technology to analyze spatial distribution and molecular features of axolotl brain during development and regeneration. The researchers identified an injury-induced ependymoglial cell cluster as a potential progenitor cell population for replenishing lost neurons. They also discovered regressed neurons and provided evidence for the involvement of resident ependymoglial cells in neurogenesis.
Article
Developmental Biology
Toshiyuki Ohtsuka, Ryoichiro Kageyama
Summary: Hes1 overexpression expands the pool of embryonic NSCs, prolongs the generation of later-born neurons, and leads to the expansion of NSC reservoir in the postnatal and adult brain.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuan Cao, Hai-ning Wu, Xiu-li Cao, Kang-yi Yue, Wen-juan Han, Zi-peng Cao, Yu-fei Zhang, Xiang-yu Gao, Ceng Luo, Xiao-fan Jiang, Hua Han, Min-hua Zheng
Summary: Ttyh1 is essential for the stemness of neural stem cells (NSCs), with its deficiency leading to activated neurogenesis and enhanced spatial learning and memory in adult mice, and accelerated exhaustion of NSC pool and impaired neurogenesis in aged mice. The regulation of calcium signaling and involvement of transcription factor NFATc3 are critical mechanisms by which Ttyh1 affects quiescence versus activation of NSCs. Our research provides new targets for intervention to activate quiescent NSCs for injury repair during pathology and aging.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yu Zhang, Qi Wu, Yu Ren, Ye Zhang, Linyin Feng
Summary: In this study, it was found that A53T alpha-synuclein transgenic mice exhibited reduced nesting behavior and learning memory deficits. The reduction in dendritic spines of hippocampal CA1 neurons, decreased number of Ki67-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and subventricular zone, and impaired proliferation of embryonic neural stem cells suggest that A53T alpha-synuclein may induce adult neurogenesis impairment and cognitive dysfunction.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shengming Wang, Yu Fu, Takaki Miyata, Sakiko Matsumoto, Tomoyasu Shinoda, Kyoko Itoh, Akihiro Harada, Shinji Hirotsune, Mingyue Jin
Summary: This study reveals the functional cooperation between aSyn and tau during brain development. Deletion of aSyn and tau alters the balance between progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis, resulting in an overproduction of early born neurons. Furthermore, there is a reduction in neural progenitor cells in the aSyn-/-tau-/- cortex, leading to diminished gliogenesis. Additionally, expansion and maturation of macroglial cells are suppressed in the aSyn-/-tau-/- postnatal brain, resulting in reduced brain size and cortical thickness.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Patricia Coelho, Ligia Fao, Sandra Mota, A. Cristina Rego
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in neurogenesis, influencing the fate of neural stem cells through their function and structure. Abnormalities in mitochondria are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and stem cell therapies may alleviate these diseases by improving mitochondrial function and dynamics.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nataya Sritawan, Apiwat Sirichoat, Anusara Aranarochana, Wanassanan Pannangrong, Peter Wigmore, Jariya Umka Welbat
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is the process of producing newborn neurons in the adult neural stem cells, which plays a role in learning and memory. Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic drug, has negative effects on memory and hippocampal neurogenesis in animal models. Metformin, an antidiabetic drug with antioxidant properties, can alleviate the deteriorations caused by MTX in memory and hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats. This study investigates the effects of metformin on neural stem cells, apoptosis biomarkers, and synaptogenesis proteins in the hippocampus of rats treated with MTX.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)