Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew N. Nicolaides, Andrie G. Panayiotou, Maura Griffin, Theodosis Tyllis, Dawn Bond, Niki Georgiou, Efthyvoulos Kyriacou, Costantinos Avraamides, Richard M. Martin
Summary: Measuring NBP, total plaque thickness, or total plaque area from both the carotid and common femoral bifurcations can provide a more accurate prediction of future ASCVE. These results need to be validated in an independent cohort.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francesc Bujosa, Zoe Herreras, Marta Catalan, Montse Pinyol, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Miriam Martinez-Huelamo, Rosa Gilabert, Amanda Jimenez, Emilio Ortega, Gemma Chiva-Blanch
Summary: This study analyzed the association between fruit and vegetable intake, measured by carotene plasma concentrations, and atherosclerotic burden. The results showed that dietary patterns rich in bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities might contribute to reduce the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yannick Kaiser, Marwa Daghem, Evangelos Tzolos, Mohammed N. Meah, Mhairi K. Doris, Alistair J. Moss, Jacek Kwiecinski, Jeffrey Kroon, Nick S. Nurmohamed, Pim van der Harst, Philip D. Adamson, Michelle C. Williams, Damini Dey, David E. Newby, Erik S. G. Stroes, Kang H. Zheng, Marc R. Dweck
Summary: Among patients with advanced stable coronary artery disease, elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with accelerated progression of coronary low-attenuation plaque (necrotic core). This finding may explain the increased risk of myocardial infarction in individuals with high Lp(a) levels and supports Lp(a) as a potential treatment target for atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Xiaoya Chen, Yinzhu Chu, Xiaobo Hou, Yue Han, Chunmei Zhang, Yue Zhang, Yue Leng, Changjun Wu
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease that can occur in multiple vascular beds. This study used arterial ultrasound assessment data to explore the correlation between atherosclerotic disease and coronary heart disease (CHD) lesions, as well as its value in predicting CHD risk.
COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Duncan R. Hewitt
Summary: This study investigates the effect of a series of thin, horizontal, low-permeability layers on convective motion in a two-dimensional porous medium. High-resolution numerical simulations and simple analytical models are used to explore the role of the Omega parameter and reveal a transition from predominantly diffusive to predominantly advective transfer for intermediate Omega values.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christian Lottspeich, Anton Koehler, Michael Czihal, Daniel A. Heinrich, Holger Schneider, Laura Handgriff, Martin Reincke, Christian Adolf
Summary: This study found that the arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic burden in patients with milder forms of PA are comparable to patients with EH, but after treatment, the arterial stiffness in PA patients significantly decreased. Therefore, there is an argument for a more liberal use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the treatment of patients with hypertension.
HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Ragna Lamprecht, David Leander Rimmele, Renate B. Schnabel, Guido Heydecke, Udo Seedorf, Carolin Walther, Carola Mayer, Julia Struppek, Katrin Borof, Christian-Alexander Behrendt, Bastian Cheng, Christian Gerloff, Sebastian Debus, Ralf Smeets, Thomas Beikler, Stefan Blankenberg, Tanja Zeller, Mahir Karakas, Gotz Thomalla, Ghazal Aarabi
Summary: This study found that severe chronic periodontitis is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness and higher prevalence of carotid plaques, independent of common risk factors.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Francesca Fasolo, Hong Jin, Greg Winski, Ekaterina Chernogubova, Jessica Pauli, Hanna Winter, Daniel Y. Li, Nadiya Glukha, Sabine Bauer, Susanne Metschl, Zhiyuan Wu, Marlys L. Koschinsky, Muredach Reilly, Jaroslav Pelisek, Wolfgang Kempf, Hans-Henning Eckstein, Oliver Soehnlein, Ljubica Matic, Ulf Hedin, Alexandra Baecklund, Claes Bergmark, Valentina Paloschi, Lars Maegdefessel
Summary: The study identified lncRNA MIAT as a key regulator in advanced atherosclerosis, controlling the proliferation, apoptosis, and phenotypic transition of SMCs, as well as the proinflammatory properties of macrophages. Experimental knockdown of MIAT significantly impacted cell behaviors, revealing a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic diseases.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria J. Forteza, Daniel F. J. Ketelhuth
Summary: In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the link between metabolism and immune response, leading to the emergence of a new field of research called immunometabolism. This interdisciplinary field explores the paradigms of immunology and metabolism to gain insights into disease pathogenesis and discover potential therapeutic targets. Recent studies have shown that metabolites not only serve as fuels in metabolic pathways, but also modulate vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. This review article summarizes the common immunometabolic pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells and discusses the potential of targeting immunometabolism to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Luis F. R. S. Carvalho-Romano, Rafael P. Bonafe, Layde R. Paim, Edmilson R. Marques, Camila F. L. Vegian, Jose A. Pio-Magalhaes, Daniel S. S. Mello, Guilherme de Rossi, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Roberto Schreiber, Andrei C. Sposito, Jose R. Matos-Souza, Wilson Nadruz Jr
Summary: In hypertensive patients, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a better marker of atherosclerosis than carotid media thickness (cMT) or overall cIMT, while cIMT, cMT, and cIT have limited accuracy in identifying left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yoshifumi Nagai, Shohei Mori, Mototaka Arakawa, Hiroshi Kanai
Summary: The thickness of the carotid arterial wall obtained from B-mode imaging using ultrasonic diagnostic devices is widely used for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. However, the measurement interval in the lateral direction of the B-mode image is limited by the beam interval, leading to a discrete image that cannot reflect local and minute thickness changes. A novel method is proposed to measure the roughness of the luminal surface by measuring the displacement of the carotid arterial wall in the lateral direction during one heartbeat, enabling a smoother measurement of the luminal surface and accurate assessment of local and minute thicknesses.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gustavo Lara Rezende, Leonel Alves Oliveira, Renata Oliveira Soares, Fabiana Pirani Carneiro, Marcio Nakanishi, Sonia Nair Bao, Andre Luiz Lopes Sampaio, Selma Aparecida Souza Kuckelhaus
Summary: This study demonstrates that arterial hypertension may cause structural lesions in the vascular layers, increasing the risk of vascular rupture. The histology of the microvasculature associated with the mucosa of the posterior nasal cavity shows changes related to hypertension, which may be particularly significant during hypertensive peaks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xue Bao, Biao Xu, Lars Lind, Gunnar Engstrom
Summary: Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis is an important factor in cardiovascular risk estimation by SCORE2. Carotid ultrasound improves the predictive performance of SCORE2 for cardiovascular risk assessment. SCORE2 may over-predict the risk in individuals without carotid plaque and under-predict the risk in those with carotid plaque.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Y. Yu, F. -L. Zhang, X. -L. Yan, P. Zhang, Z. -N. Guo, Y. Yang
Summary: This study found that the visceral adiposity index (VAI) was associated with carotid plaque and cervical artery stenosis (CAS) in the general population over 40 years old in northeast China, but showed little significance with increased intima-media thickness (IMT) in cervical arteries.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Youling Duan, Dong Zhao, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Miao Wang, Yongchen Hao, Jiangtao Li, Tianxiao Liu, Luoxi Xiao, Yiming Hao, Haimei Wang, Yue Qi, Jing Liu
Summary: This study found that Lp(a) is closely associated with carotid plaque progression and the formation of vulnerable plaques, suggesting that Lp(a) may be a treatment target for stroke prevention.
Article
Thermodynamics
Khalil Khanafer, Kambiz Vafai
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
K. Khanafer, S. M. Aithal, K. Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
T. Salameh, Y. Zurigat, A. Badran, C. Ghenai, M. El Haj Assad, Khalil Khanafer, Kambiz Vafai
JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ali Ghahremannezhad, Huijin Xu, Mohammad Alhuyi Nazari, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed T. Al-Sammarraie, Manar Al-Jethelah, Mohammad Reza Salimpour, Kambiz Vafai
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Carlos Zing, Shadi Mahjoob, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mehrab Ghorbani, Mohammad Reza Salimpour, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Huijin Xu, Zhanbin Xing, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Zeeshan, F. Hussain, R. Ellahi, K. Vafai
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcello Iasiello, Assunta Andreozzi, Nicola Bianco, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2020)
Review
Thermodynamics
Khalil Khanafer, K. Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Diep Vu, Shaokai Gao, Tyler Berte, Mary Kacarab, Qi Yao, Kambiz Vafai, Akua Asa-Awuku
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcello Iasiello, Kambiz Vafai, Assunta Andreozzi, Nicola Bianco
COMPUTATIONAL THERMAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Khalil Khanafer, Abhijit Ghosh, Kambiz Vafai
CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Y. Abd Elmaboud, Sara Abdelsalam, Kh S. Mekheimer, Kambiz Vafai
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2019)
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)