Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew N. Nicolaides, Andrie G. Panayiotou, Maura Griffin, Theodosis Tyllis, Dawn Bond, Niki Georgiou, Efthyvoulos Kyriacou, Costantinos Avraamides, Richard M. Martin
Summary: Measuring NBP, total plaque thickness, or total plaque area from both the carotid and common femoral bifurcations can provide a more accurate prediction of future ASCVE. These results need to be validated in an independent cohort.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francesc Bujosa, Zoe Herreras, Marta Catalan, Montse Pinyol, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Miriam Martinez-Huelamo, Rosa Gilabert, Amanda Jimenez, Emilio Ortega, Gemma Chiva-Blanch
Summary: This study analyzed the association between fruit and vegetable intake, measured by carotene plasma concentrations, and atherosclerotic burden. The results showed that dietary patterns rich in bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities might contribute to reduce the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yannick Kaiser, Marwa Daghem, Evangelos Tzolos, Mohammed N. Meah, Mhairi K. Doris, Alistair J. Moss, Jacek Kwiecinski, Jeffrey Kroon, Nick S. Nurmohamed, Pim van der Harst, Philip D. Adamson, Michelle C. Williams, Damini Dey, David E. Newby, Erik S. G. Stroes, Kang H. Zheng, Marc R. Dweck
Summary: Among patients with advanced stable coronary artery disease, elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with accelerated progression of coronary low-attenuation plaque (necrotic core). This finding may explain the increased risk of myocardial infarction in individuals with high Lp(a) levels and supports Lp(a) as a potential treatment target for atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Francesca Fasolo, Hong Jin, Greg Winski, Ekaterina Chernogubova, Jessica Pauli, Hanna Winter, Daniel Y. Li, Nadiya Glukha, Sabine Bauer, Susanne Metschl, Zhiyuan Wu, Marlys L. Koschinsky, Muredach Reilly, Jaroslav Pelisek, Wolfgang Kempf, Hans-Henning Eckstein, Oliver Soehnlein, Ljubica Matic, Ulf Hedin, Alexandra Baecklund, Claes Bergmark, Valentina Paloschi, Lars Maegdefessel
Summary: The study identified lncRNA MIAT as a key regulator in advanced atherosclerosis, controlling the proliferation, apoptosis, and phenotypic transition of SMCs, as well as the proinflammatory properties of macrophages. Experimental knockdown of MIAT significantly impacted cell behaviors, revealing a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic diseases.
Article
Mechanics
Duncan R. Hewitt
Summary: This study investigates the effect of a series of thin, horizontal, low-permeability layers on convective motion in a two-dimensional porous medium. High-resolution numerical simulations and simple analytical models are used to explore the role of the Omega parameter and reveal a transition from predominantly diffusive to predominantly advective transfer for intermediate Omega values.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria J. Forteza, Daniel F. J. Ketelhuth
Summary: In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the link between metabolism and immune response, leading to the emergence of a new field of research called immunometabolism. This interdisciplinary field explores the paradigms of immunology and metabolism to gain insights into disease pathogenesis and discover potential therapeutic targets. Recent studies have shown that metabolites not only serve as fuels in metabolic pathways, but also modulate vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. This review article summarizes the common immunometabolic pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells and discusses the potential of targeting immunometabolism to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kirsty M. Mckenzie, Reeja Nasir, Yang Kong, Hasthi U. Dissanayake, Rowena McMullan, Adrienne Gordon, Alice Meroni, Melinda Phang, Michael R. Skilton
Summary: Evidence from animal models suggests that maternal diet during pregnancy may affect offspring cardiometabolic health. However, in healthy pregnancies, neither the quantity nor quality of maternal carbohydrate intake appears to have a significant impact on newborn aortic intima-medial thickness, except for fiber intake in overweight or obese women. The effect of carbohydrate quality may be more pronounced in high-risk pregnancies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Sjolander, Bo Carlberg, Margareta Norberg, Ulf Naslund, Nawi Ng
Summary: The provision of pictorial information on vascular age and carotid plaques based on ultrasonographic examination results increased physician prescription of lipid-lowering drugs but did not affect antihypertensive drug prescriptions within 465 days.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Youling Duan, Dong Zhao, Jiayi Sun, Jun Liu, Miao Wang, Yongchen Hao, Jiangtao Li, Tianxiao Liu, Luoxi Xiao, Yiming Hao, Haimei Wang, Yue Qi, Jing Liu
Summary: This study found that Lp(a) is closely associated with carotid plaque progression and the formation of vulnerable plaques, suggesting that Lp(a) may be a treatment target for stroke prevention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gustavo Lara Rezende, Leonel Alves Oliveira, Renata Oliveira Soares, Fabiana Pirani Carneiro, Marcio Nakanishi, Sonia Nair Bao, Andre Luiz Lopes Sampaio, Selma Aparecida Souza Kuckelhaus
Summary: This study demonstrates that arterial hypertension may cause structural lesions in the vascular layers, increasing the risk of vascular rupture. The histology of the microvasculature associated with the mucosa of the posterior nasal cavity shows changes related to hypertension, which may be particularly significant during hypertensive peaks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Y. Yu, F. -L. Zhang, X. -L. Yan, P. Zhang, Z. -N. Guo, Y. Yang
Summary: This study found that the visceral adiposity index (VAI) was associated with carotid plaque and cervical artery stenosis (CAS) in the general population over 40 years old in northeast China, but showed little significance with increased intima-media thickness (IMT) in cervical arteries.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xue Bao, Biao Xu, Lars Lind, Gunnar Engstrom
Summary: Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis is an important factor in cardiovascular risk estimation by SCORE2. Carotid ultrasound improves the predictive performance of SCORE2 for cardiovascular risk assessment. SCORE2 may over-predict the risk in individuals without carotid plaque and under-predict the risk in those with carotid plaque.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Graham P. Benham, Mike J. Bickle, Jerome A. Neufeld
Summary: The study examines the effects of horizontally layered heterogeneities on the spreading of two-phase gravity currents in a porous medium and finds that heterogeneities can significantly increase plume migration speed and that uncertainty in field measurements can have a major impact on flow predictions.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jianhua He, Wenli Zhang, Xiaoju Zhou, Fengfei Xu, Jiahui Zou, Qiqi Zhang, Yi Zhao, Hongliang He, Hu Yang, Jianping Liu
Summary: Nanoparticle-based therapeutics show potential for treating atherosclerosis, but the complex plaque microenvironment hinders their targeting ability. In this study, we developed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive and size-reducible nanoassemblies to overcome this barrier. These nanoassemblies specifically accumulated in atherosclerotic plaque, rapidly disassembled in response to excess ROS, and released smaller nanoparticles for deeper penetration and targeted drug delivery. In vivo studies demonstrated that the nanoassemblies reduced plaque size, lipid deposition, macrophage content, and local inflammatory factor levels, while also alleviating systemic inflammation. Overall, the ROS-responsive and size-reducible nanoassemblies exhibit enhanced targeting ability and provide an effective approach for atherosclerosis therapy.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dominik M. Schulte, Georg H. Waetzig, Harald Schuett, Marlies Marx, Berenice Schulte, Christoph Garbers, Juliane Lokau, Ann-Kathrin Vlacil, Juliane Schulz, Anna K. Seoudy, Bernhard Schieffer, Philip Rosenstiel, Marcus Seeger, Matthias Laudes, Stefan Rose-John, Ulf Luetzen, Karsten Grote, Stefan Schreiber
Summary: Inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and there is a need for therapies targeting excessive inflammation. A fusion protein called olamkicept has been shown to reduce atherosclerosis independently of LDL cholesterol metabolism in mice, and its use in a patient with high-risk ASCVD also demonstrated a reduction in arterial wall inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Khalil Khanafer, Kambiz Vafai
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
K. Khanafer, S. M. Aithal, K. Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed T. Al-Sammarraie, Kambiz Vafai
JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
T. Salameh, Y. Zurigat, A. Badran, C. Ghenai, M. El Haj Assad, Khalil Khanafer, Kambiz Vafai
JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ali Ghahremannezhad, Huijin Xu, Mohammad Alhuyi Nazari, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed T. Al-Sammarraie, Manar Al-Jethelah, Mohammad Reza Salimpour, Kambiz Vafai
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Carlos Zing, Shadi Mahjoob, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mehrab Ghorbani, Mohammad Reza Salimpour, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Huijin Xu, Zhanbin Xing, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Zeeshan, F. Hussain, R. Ellahi, K. Vafai
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcello Iasiello, Assunta Andreozzi, Nicola Bianco, Kambiz Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2020)
Review
Thermodynamics
Khalil Khanafer, K. Vafai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Diep Vu, Shaokai Gao, Tyler Berte, Mary Kacarab, Qi Yao, Kambiz Vafai, Akua Asa-Awuku
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2019)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcello Iasiello, Kambiz Vafai, Assunta Andreozzi, Nicola Bianco
COMPUTATIONAL THERMAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Khalil Khanafer, Abhijit Ghosh, Kambiz Vafai
CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
