Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linyu Tai, Shiyu Huang, Zhengwu Zhao, Gangliang Huang
Summary: The study aimed to determine the anthocyanin constituents in grains of Purple black rice No. 6 and evaluate the antioxidant activity of black rice pigment (BRP). The main component of BRP was identified as cyanidin-3-glucoside, which showed significant scavenging capacity for various free radicals, with its ability increasing with higher pigment concentrations.
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Nancy N. Caballero-Rothar, Lucas Borras, Jose A. Gerde
Summary: In this study, it was found that digestibility of maize starch is slower in hard endosperm genotypes, which is related to specific zein concentrations. Cooking with sodium sulfite can significantly increase starch hydrolysis, whereas the ratio of amylose to starch does not impact starch digestibility.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fan Yang, Yujun Wei, Huaxi Xiao, Qian Zhang, Jiangtao Li, Qinlu Lin, Dekun Zhu, Zhengyu Huang, Gao-Qiang Liu
Summary: Rice starch nanocrystals with different substitution degrees were synthesized and used in the production of composite rice starch-based films. The addition of acetylated rice starch nanocrystals significantly improved the mechanical properties, surface morphology, and thermal stability of the films.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Antonio Colasanto, Fabiano Travaglia, Matteo Bordiga, Stefania Monteduro, Marco Arlorio, Jean Daniel Coisson, Monica Locatelli
Summary: Different cooking techniques have significant impact on the chemical and nutritional composition of black rice, with risotto preparation being the most effective in preserving anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. It is important to study cooking methods to preserve the nutritional and beneficial properties of rice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoko Crofts, Yoshiki Satoh, Satoko Miura, Yuko Hosaka, Misato Abe, Naoko Fujita
Summary: The introduction of higher SSIIa activity effectively restores crystallinity, starch granule structure, and production of plump seeds in the mild-type sug-1 mutant. Crossbreeding resulted in the generation of new rice lines with improved amylopectin-like glucan accumulation and A-type crystallinity, complementing the wrinkled seed phenotype typical of the original isa1 mutation.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Miao Ye, Zhengcan Zhang, Guanjun Huang, Zujian Zhang
Summary: In this study, the effects of nitrogen supplies on rice leaf anatomy and leaf chemical composition were investigated using four rice genotypes. The results showed that nitrogen supplies had a significant impact on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate, but no effect on stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency. Nitrogen supplies also had no significant effect on leaf mass per area, cell wall thickness, and most of the leaf chemical components.
Article
Agronomy
Tao Song, A. N. M. Rubaiyath Bin Rahman, Debatosh Das, Neng-Hui Ye, Feng Yang, Fu-Yuan Zhu, Mo-Xian Chen, Jian-Hua Zhang
Summary: The study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of coleorhiza hairs, revealing a more significant transcriptome modulation in embryos compared to endosperm under EIA conditions. Differentially expressed genes were enriched in both primary and secondary metabolism, showing changes in abscisic acid, auxin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid signatures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Naoto Sano, Imen Lounifi, Gwendal Cueff, Boris Collet, Gilles Clement, Sandrine Balzergue, Stephanie Huguet, Benoit Valot, Marc Galland, Loic Rajjou
Summary: This study examines the genetic pathways and metabolic changes in the embryo and endosperm of rice seeds during germination using a multi-omics approach. The results show that the early phase of germination is a crucial turning point, and the endosperm and embryo exhibit distinct changes at the protein and metabolite levels. The study also highlights the importance of hormonal metabolism and energy supply-related proteins in rice seed germination.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Man-Hin Kwok, Betina Porto, Shadi Mohebi, Lei Zhu, Mark Hans
Summary: In this in-vitro experimental study, we evaluated the physical and chemical properties of five different thermoplastic transparent aligner materials, finding that C+ was not soluble in any tested solvents, while Ace and DX30 were soluble in chloroform. Additionally, SmartTrack showed a two-stage degradation according to TGA results.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Tao Song, A. N. M. Rubaiyath Bin Rahman, Debatosh Das, Neng-Hui Ye, Feng Yang, Mo-Xian Chen, Jian-Hua Zhang, Fu-Yuan Zhu
Summary: Coleorhiza hairs are hairlike structures in grass seeds. The molecular mechanisms of their formation are not well understood, and studying this topic can enhance our understanding of the effects of water status on rice germination during direct seeding. Transcriptomics was used to identify gene regulation during the formation of coleorhiza hairs in embryos and endosperm. Differentially expressed genes were enriched in primary and secondary metabolism, and showed changes in abscisic acid, auxin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid. Metabolite enrichment data were positively correlated with gene expression changes in affected metabolic pathways, indicating that root hair-associated differentially expressed genes share molecular regulators that control the formation of coleorhiza hairs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Oppong, Worawan Panpipat, Manat Chaijan
Summary: The study compared Thai indigenous brown rice flours with brown Jasmine rice flour and commercial rice flour, showing significant differences in chemical composition, physical characteristics, and functionality, all of which were greatly influenced by rice variety. The findings provide fundamental information on the specific uses of Thai indigenous rice flour in food preparations.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhenjun Li, Jianjie Gao, Bo Wang, Jing Xu, Xiaoyan Fu, Hongjuan Han, Lijuan Wang, Wenhui Zhang, Yongdong Deng, Yu Wang, Zehao Gong, Yongsheng Tian, Rihe Peng, Quanhong Yao
Summary: By overexpressing the rice GLK1 gene and other carotenogenic genes, a mini carotenoid biosynthetic pathway was established in rice endosperm, leading to increased carotenoid production and grain yield, but decreased grain quality.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Binoy K. Saha, Naba K. Nath, Ranjit Thakuria
Summary: Polymorphism is a common phenomenon in crystals, where different crystal structures of the same compound lead to significant changes in materials properties. It is difficult to control polymorphism due to the close energy levels between different polymorphic forms. Polymorphism is not only of interest to academia but also has widespread applications in materials science and pharmaceutical industries.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsutomu Ishimaru, Sabiha Parween, Yuhi Saito, Takehiro Masumura, Motohiko Kondo, Nese Sreenivasulu
Summary: This study identified tissue- and stage-specific gene co-regulons in the developing rice endosperm, demonstrating their role in modulating programmed cell death and desiccation tolerance mechanisms. The spatial distribution of starch accumulation in the endosperm is regulated by specific transcription factors and hormone-regulated genes. These findings provide insights into the molecular physiological mechanisms of endosperm development.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zihao Wu, Xiao Zhang, Guimei Chang, Jun Yang, Jinpeng Wan, Feijun Wang, Dayun Tao, Jiawu Zhou, Lianguang Shang, Peng Xu, Diqiu Yu
Summary: This study cloned an important gene, EDR1, involved in endosperm development in rice, and found that it contributes to the differential endosperm development between upland rice and paddy rice. The results suggest that this gene plays a crucial role in regulating rice yield and quality.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
