Therapeutic implications of how TNF links apolipoprotein E, phosphorylated tau, α-synuclein, amyloid-β and insulin resistance in neurodegenerative diseases

Beyond Host Defense: Emerging Functions of the Immune System in Regulating Complex Tissue Physiology

(2018) Lucille C. Rankin et al.   CELL

Perispinal etanercept advances as a neurotherapeutic

(2018) Edward Tobinick   Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Physiological changes in neurodegeneration — mechanistic insights and clinical utility

(2018) Rebekah M. Ahmed et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Perispinal etanercept advances as a neurotherapeutic

(2018) Edward Tobinick   Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy and Incidence of Parkinson Disease Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

(2018) Inga Peter et al.   JAMA Neurology

Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Levels and Cognitive Impairment in Cerebral Malaria

(2018) Chandy C. John et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE

Infant Exposure to Lead (Pb) and Epigenetic Modifications in the Aging Primate Brain: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease

(2018) Syed Waseem Bihaqi et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

α-Synuclein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

(2018) Ane Korff et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks

(2018) Ann-Christin Wendeln et al.   NATURE

An unsound AAN Practice Advisory on poststroke etanercept

(2017) Ian A. Clark   Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Reactive Astrocytes: Production, Function, and Therapeutic Potential

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   IMMUNITY

Apolipoprotein E4, Gender, Body Mass Index, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Air Pollution Interactions: Recipe for Alzheimer’s Disease Development in Mexico City Young Females

(2017) Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

A Role for Neuronal Alpha-Synuclein in Gastrointestinal Immunity

(2017) Ethan Stolzenberg et al.   Journal of Innate Immunity

The vicious circle of hypometabolism in neurodegenerative diseases: Ways and mechanisms of metabolic correction

(2017) Yuri Zilberter et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Chronic inhibition of brain glycolysis initiates epileptogenesis

(2017) Evgeniya Samokhina et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

ApoE4 markedly exacerbates tau-mediated neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy

(2017) Yang Shi et al.   NATURE

Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   NATURE

Dopamine induces soluble α-synuclein oligomers and nigrostriatal degeneration

(2017) Danielle E Mor et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Early ciliary and prominin-1 dysfunctions precede neurogenesis impairment in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes

(2017) Tomás P. Bachor et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Elucidating the Role of TREM2 in Alzheimer’s Disease

(2017) Jason D. Ulrich et al.   NEURON

The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2018: updates and expansion to encompass the new guide to IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

(2017) Simon D Harding et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy-integration of canonical traumatic brain injury secondary injury mechanisms with tau pathology

(2017) Jacqueline R. Kulbe et al.   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

β2-Adrenoreceptor is a regulator of the α-synuclein gene driving risk of Parkinson’s disease

(2017) Shuchi Mittal et al.   SCIENCE

ApoE4-associated phospholipid dysregulation contributes to development of Tau hyper-phosphorylation after traumatic brain injury

(2017) Jiqing Cao et al.   Scientific Reports

An unsound AAN Practice Advisory on poststroke etanercept

(2017) Ian A. Clark   Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Intracranial Connections of the Vertebral Venous Plexus: Anatomical Study with Application to Neurosurgical and Endovascular Procedures at the Craniocervical Junction

(2017) R Shane Tubbs et al.   Operative Neurosurgery

The Damage Signals Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis

(2017) Jorge A. Fernández et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Intranasal post-cardiac arrest treatment with orexin-A facilitates arousal from coma and ameliorates neuroinflammation

(2017) Hiren R. Modi et al.   PLoS One

β2-Adrenergic agonists attenuate organic dust-induced lung inflammation

(2016) Debra J. Romberger et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Alpha-synuclein activates BV2 microglia dependent on its aggregation state

(2016) Alana Hoffmann et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Hippocampal T cell infiltration promotes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in a mouse model of tauopathy

(2016) Cyril Laurent et al.   BRAIN

Perispinal Delivery of CNS Drugs

(2016) Edward Lewis Tobinick   CNS DRUGS

Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Analysis

(2016) Richard C. Chou et al.   CNS DRUGS

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) inhibits macrophage-mediated inflammation by activating Nrf2 and suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway

(2016) Yinhang Yu et al.   INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Microbes and Alzheimer’s Disease

(2016) Ruth F. Itzhaki et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Increased Amyloid Precursor Protein and Tau Expression Manifests as Key Secondary Cell Death in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

(2016) Sandra A. Acosta et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

The amyloid cascade hypothesis: are we poised for success or failure?

(2016) Eric Karran et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Excess cerebral TNF causing glutamate excitotoxicity rationalizes treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurogenic pain by anti-TNF agents

(2016) Ian A. Clark et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Poststroke Induction of  -Synuclein Mediates Ischemic Brain Damage

(2016) T. Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Brain-Defective Insulin Signaling Is Associated to Late Cognitive Impairment in Post-Septic Mice

(2016) Fernanda S. Neves et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α before amyloidosis prevents synaptic deficits in an Alzheimer's disease model

(2016) Chelsea Cavanagh et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Association of APOE (E2, E3 and E4) gene variants and lipid levels in ischemic stroke, its subtypes and hemorrhagic stroke in a South Indian population

(2016) Satrupa Das et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Clinical Outcomes of Transplanted Modified Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stroke

(2016) Gary K. Steinberg et al.   STROKE

Letter by Clark Regarding Article, “Clinical Outcomes of Transplanted Modified Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stroke: A Phase 1/2a Study”

(2016) Ian A. Clark   STROKE

Response by Steinberg et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Clinical Outcomes of Transplanted Modified Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stroke: A Phase 1/2A Study”

(2016) Gary K. Steinberg et al.   STROKE

Perinatal exposure to lead (Pb) promotes Tau phosphorylation in the rat brain in a GSK-3β and CDK5 dependent manner: Relevance to neurological disorders

(2016) Magdalena Gąssowska et al.   TOXICOLOGY

Function and regulation of tau conformations in the development and treatment of traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration

(2016) Onder Albayram et al.   Cell and Bioscience

Traumatic Brain Injury Leads to Development of Parkinson's Disease Related Pathology in Mice

(2016) Daniela Impellizzeri et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Traumatic brain injury in later life increases risk for Parkinson disease

(2015) Raquel C. Gardner et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Amyloid β: one of three danger-associated molecules that are secondary inducers of the proinflammatory cytokines that mediate Alzheimer's disease

(2015) I A Clark et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Dysfunctionally phosphorylated type 1 insulin receptor substrate in neural-derived blood exosomes of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

(2015) Dimitrios Kapogiannis et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Tau deposition drives neuropathological, inflammatory and behavioral abnormalities independently of neuronal loss in a novel mouse model

(2015) Casey Cook et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Alpha-Synuclein as a Pathological Link Between Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury and Parkinson's Disease

(2015) Sandra A. Acosta et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

APOE-modulated Aβ-induced neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: current landscape, novel data, and future perspective

(2015) Leon M. Tai et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Mesenchymal stromal SB623 cell implantation mitigates nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

(2015) Ciara C. Tate et al.   Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Alpha-Synuclein Expression Restricts RNA Viral Infections in the Brain

(2015) Erica L. Beatman et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The molecular mode of action and species specificity of canakinumab, a human monoclonal antibody neutralizing IL-1β

(2015) Jean-Michel Rondeau et al.   mAbs

Antibody against early driver of neurodegeneration cis P-tau blocks brain injury and tauopathy

(2015) Asami Kondo et al.   NATURE

Etanercept in Alzheimer disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial

(2015) J. Butchart et al.   NEUROLOGY

The association between infectious burden and Parkinson's disease: A case-control study

(2015) Xian-Le Bu et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Targeting glutamine metabolism rescues mice from late-stage cerebral malaria

(2015) Emile B. Gordon et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Cell Injury-Induced Release of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2: Relevance to Intracerebral Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplantations

(2015) Irina Aizman et al.   STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT

Abnormal serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 is associated with tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies

(2014) Mark Yarchoan et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

The nature, significance, and glucagon-like peptide-1 analog treatment of brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease

(2014) Konrad Talbot et al.   Alzheimers & Dementia

Immediate Neurological Recovery Following Perispinal Etanercept Years After Brain Injury

(2014) Edward Tobinick et al.   CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION

Inflammation-sleep interface in brain disease: TNF, insulin, orexin

(2014) Ian A Clark et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Long-Term Cognitive Correlates of Traumatic Brain Injury across Adulthood and Interactions with APOE Genotype, Sex, and Age Cohorts

(2014) Ranmalee Eramudugolla et al.   JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Acute exposure to lead acetate activates microglia and induces subsequent bystander neuronal death via caspase-3 activation

(2014) Kanhaiya Lal Kumawat et al.   NEUROTOXICOLOGY

Two Phase 3 Trials of Bapineuzumab in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease

(2014) Stephen Salloway et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

MHC-I expression renders catecholaminergic neurons susceptible to T-cell-mediated degeneration

(2014) Carolina Cebrián et al.   Nature Communications

Pb Neurotoxicity: Neuropsychological Effects of Lead Toxicity

(2014) Lisa H. Mason et al.   Biomed Research International

Treatment implications of the altered cytokine-insulin axis in neurodegenerative disease

(2013) Ian A. Clark et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Distinct Functions of cis and trans Phosphorylated Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and their Therapeutic Implications

(2013) K. Nakamura et al.   CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE

A further update on the role of excitotoxicity in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease

(2013) Giulia Ambrosi et al.   JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION

The effects of early life Pb exposure on the expression of IL1-β, TNF-α and Aβ in cerebral cortex of mouse pups

(2013) Ning Li et al.   JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY

 -Synuclein in CSF of patients with severe traumatic brain injury

(2013) S. Mondello et al.   NEUROLOGY

Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Loss Precede Aβ Plaque Deposition in the hAPP-J20 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

(2013) Amanda L. Wright et al.   PLoS One

Cisphosphorylated tau as the earliest detectable pathogenic conformation in Alzheimer disease, offering novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

(2013) Kazuhiro Nakamura et al.   Prion

Neuron-released oligomeric α-synuclein is an endogenous agonist of TLR2 for paracrine activation of microglia

(2013) Changyoun Kim et al.   Nature Communications

Parkinson's disease, insulin resistance and novel agents of neuroprotection

(2012) Iciar Aviles-Olmos et al.   BRAIN

Microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta induce Purkinje neuronal apoptosis via their receptors in hypoxic neonatal rat brain

(2012) Charanjit Kaur et al.   Brain Structure & Function

Proline Isomer-Specific Antibodies Reveal the Early Pathogenic Tau Conformation in Alzheimer's Disease

(2012) Kazuhiro Nakamura et al.   CELL

Adult neurogenesis in Parkinson’s disease

(2012) Franz Marxreiter et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES

Selective TNF Inhibition for Chronic Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury

(2012) Edward Tobinick et al.   CNS DRUGS

The Role of α-synuclein and Tau Hyperphosphorylation-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis in Lead-induced Learning and Memory Injury

(2012) Jianbin Zhang et al.   International Journal of Biological Sciences

An anti-diabetes agent protects the mouse brain from defective insulin signaling caused by Alzheimer’s disease–associated Aβ oligomers

(2012) Theresa R. Bomfim et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Demonstrated brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer’s disease patients is associated with IGF-1 resistance, IRS-1 dysregulation, and cognitive decline

(2012) Konrad Talbot et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

3,6′-Dithiothalidomide, a new TNF-α synthesis inhibitor, attenuates the effect of Aβ1-42 intracerebroventricular injection on hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficit

(2012) Isabella Russo et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Microglial Activation and Antioxidant Responses Induced by the Parkinson’s Disease Protein α-Synuclein

(2012) Dawn Béraud et al.   Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter, circulating TNF-alpha level, and cardiovascular risk factor for ischemic stroke

(2012) Guanglin Cui et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Gastrointestinal manifestations in Parkinson’s disease: prevalence and occurrence before motor symptoms

(2012) Maria G. Cersosimo et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

Soluble  -Synuclein Is a Novel Modulator of Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology

(2012) M. E. Larson et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Genomic Analysis of Reactive Astrogliosis

(2012) J. L. Zamanian et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Genome-wide expression and methylation profiling in the aged rodent brain due to early-life Pb exposure and its relevance to aging

(2012) Remi Dosunmu et al.   MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT

Rescue of aging-associated decline in Dnmt3a2 expression restores cognitive abilities

(2012) Ana M M Oliveira et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Influence of developmental lead exposure on expression of DNA methyltransferases and methyl cytosine-binding proteins in hippocampus

(2012) J.S. Schneider et al.   TOXICOLOGY LETTERS

Rapid Improvement of Chronic Stroke Deficits after Perispinal Etanercept

(2011) Edward Tobinick   CNS DRUGS

Characterization of three synuclein genes in Xenopus laevis

(2011) Chengdong Wang et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS

Low-Grade Hypothalamic Inflammation Leads to Defective Thermogenesis, Insulin Resistance, and Impaired Insulin Secretion

(2011) Ana Paula Arruda et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Refeeding after Fasting Elicits Insulin-Dependent Regulation of Per2 and Rev-erbα with Shifts in the Liver Clock

(2011) Yu Tahara et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS

β2-Adrenergic Receptor Activation Prevents Rodent Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity by Inhibiting Microglia via a Novel Signaling Pathway

(2011) Li Qian et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Deficient brain insulin signalling pathway in Alzheimer's disease and diabetes

(2011) Ying Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

Caspase signalling controls microglia activation and neurotoxicity

(2011) Miguel A. Burguillos et al.   NATURE

Septic encephalopathy: Inflammation in man and mouse

(2011) Alexander Jacob et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

Parallel manifestations of neuropathologies in the enteric and central nervous systems

(2011) G. Natale et al.   NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY

Alpha-synuclein release by neurons activates the inflammatory response in a microglial cell line

(2011) Lydia Alvarez-Erviti et al.   NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Superior Immunogenicity of Inactivated Whole Virus H5N1 Influenza Vaccine is Primarily Controlled by Toll-like Receptor Signalling

(2011) Felix Geeraedts et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Increased tau phosphorylation and beta amyloid in the hipocampus of mouse pups by early life lead exposure

(2010) N. Li et al.   ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA

Association of Plasma Clusterin Concentration With Severity, Pathology, and Progression in Alzheimer Disease

(2010) Madhav Thambisetty et al.   ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY

Anti-TNF-α reduces amyloid plaques and tau phosphorylation and induces CD11c-positive dendritic-like cell in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse brains

(2010) Jian-Quan Shi et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Increased levels of glutamate in the central nervous system are associated with behavioral symptoms in experimental malaria

(2010) A.S. Miranda et al.   BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Nonresolving Inflammation

(2010) Carl Nathan et al.   CELL

Expression of IL-10 and TNF-α in Rats with Cerebral Infarction after Transplantation with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

(2010) Nan Liu et al.   Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Perispinal etanercept: a new therapeutic paradigm in neurology

(2010) Edward Tobinick   Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Long-term Cognitive Impairment and Functional Disability Among Survivors of Severe Sepsis

(2010) Theodore J. Iwashyna et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Lessons learned on lead poisoning in children: One-hundred years on from Turner's declaration

(2010) Mark P Taylor et al.   JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH

The roles of TNF in brain dysfunction and disease

(2010) Ian A. Clark et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Commentary on “A roadmap for the prevention of dementia II. Leon Thal Symposium 2008.” Rationale and recommendations for first evaluating anti-Alzheimer's disease medications in acute brain injury patients

(2009) James W. Simpkins et al.   Alzheimers & Dementia

Early-Life Lead Exposure Affects the Activity of TNF-α and Expression of SNARE Complex in Hippocampus of Mouse Pups

(2009) N. Li et al.   BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH

Period 2 regulates neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in the adult hippocampus

(2009) Laurence Borgs et al.   BMC NEUROSCIENCE

Systemic inflammation sensitizes the neonatal brain to excitotoxicity through a pro-/anti-inflammatory imbalance: Key role of TNFα pathway and protection by etanercept

(2009) Ulrika Ådén et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Tumor necrosis factor-α modulates glutamate transport in the CNS and is a critical determinant of outcome from viral encephalomyelitis

(2009) Jessica Carmen et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Tumour Necrosis Factor Modulation for Treatment of Alzheimerʼs Disease

(2009) Edward Tobinick   CNS DRUGS

Accumulation of tau induced in neurites by microglial proinflammatory mediators

(2009) Philipp Gorlovoy et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Quality of life after septic illness

(2009) Andrea Lazosky et al.   JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE

Cerebral Microglia Recruit Monocytes into the Brain in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor  Signaling during Peripheral Organ Inflammation

(2009) C. D'Mello et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

CD14 and Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 Are Required for Fibrillar A -Stimulated Microglial Activation

(2009) E. G. Reed-Geaghan et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Impaired everyday memory associated with encephalopathy of severe malaria: the role of seizures and hippocampal damage

(2009) Michael Kihara et al.   MALARIA JOURNAL

Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus can enter the central nervous system and induce neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

(2009) H. Jang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ROLE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS 2 AND 4, AND THE RECEPTOR FOR ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS IN HIGH-MOBILITY GROUP BOX 1-INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN VIVO

(2009) Marieke A.D. van Zoelen et al.   SHOCK

Stress Insulin Resistance is a Marker for Mortality in Traumatic Brain Injury

(2009) Nathan T. Mowery et al.   JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE

Rapid cognitive improvement in Alzheimer's disease following perispinal etanercept administration

(2008) Edward L Tobinick et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Clock genes regulate neurogenic transcription factors, including NeuroD1, and the neuronal differentiation of adult neural stem/progenitor cells

(2008) Tomomi Kimiwada et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

Cerebral Malaria in Children Is Associated With Long-term Cognitive Impairment

(2008) C. C. John et al.   PEDIATRICS

APOE genotype-specific differences in the innate immune response

(2007) Michael P. Vitek et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING