Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li-En Hsieh, Jaeyoon Song, Alba Grifoni, Chisato Shimizu, Adriana H. Tremoulet, Kirsten B. Dummer, Jane C. Burns, Alessandro Sette, Alessandra Franco
Summary: In this study, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses were analyzed in 22 subacute MIS-C children. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were detected in some subjects, and a subset of DN T cells recognizing SARS-CoV-2 peptides was observed. T cell epitope spreading and increased magnitude of Th and CTL responses were noted during the follow-up period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Joris van der Veeken, Clarissa Campbell, Yuri Pritykin, Michail Schizas, Jacob Verter, Wei Hu, Zhong-Min Wang, Fanny Matheis, Daniel Mucida, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Talal A. Chatila, Alexander Y. Rudensky
Summary: The role of Foxp3 in peripheral pTreg cells and the mechanisms supporting their differentiation remain poorly understood. This study used genetic tracing to identify microbiota-induced pTreg cells and found that many of their distinguishing features were Foxp3 independent. While Foxp3 was critical for the suppression of certain diseases, pTreg cells could suppress colonic effector T cell expansion in a Foxp3-independent manner. Thus, Foxp3 and the tolerogenic signals preceding and promoting its expression confer distinct facets of pTreg functionality.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huan Liu, Xiuxia Su, Jing Zhang, Jia Xu, Dong Yang, Qingcai Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated a rapid PKC detection method based on liquid crystal biosensor and nano-modified signal amplification technology, achieving sensitive detection of PKC with good linear relationship and a very low detection limit in a wide linear range.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mattia Domenichini, Cosetta Ravelli, Michela Corsini, Silvia Codenotti, Elisa Moreschi, Anna Gogna, Davide Capoferri, Daniela Zizioli, Roberto Bresciani, Elisabetta Grillo, Stefania Mitola
Summary: The D647N mutation in the A-loop of FGFR1 has been found to lead to dysregulated kinase activity and increased migration, invasion, and angiogenic capacity of cancer cells. This mutation also increases the sensitivity of FGFR1 to the ATP-competitive inhibitor Erdafitinib. Overall, this study suggests that the D647N substitution of FGFR1 is a novel pro-oncogenic activating mutation and a potential target for erdafitinib treatment.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Minji Ahn, Taebum Lee, Kyoung Sub Kim, Sanghee Lee, Kun Na
Summary: A novel platform combining antibody-mediated immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy has been developed to improve the efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates. The platform demonstrates remarkable anticancer effects by specifically targeting KRAS-mutated cancer cells and activating the immune system through a synergistic approach.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Huijie Yang, Ying Xie, Shuaiyao Lu, Yufang Sun, Kaiqin Wang, Shuyan Li, Junzhi Wang, Guoyang Liao, Changgui Li
Summary: The nucleocapsid protein (N) in SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines plays an independent role in vaccine-induced protection and improves the specific antibody response. Immunization with N protein alone or as a booster dose enhances the antibody titers. These findings suggest the existence of an interplay mechanism in the immune response to complex virus components.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leela R. L. Davies, Malisa T. Smith, Deniz Cizmeci, Stephanie Fischinger, Jessica Shih-Lu Lee, Lenette L. Lu, Erik D. Layton, Alison D. Grant, Katherine Fielding, Catherine M. Stein, W. Henry Boom, Thomas R. Hawn, Sarah M. Fortune, Robert S. Wallis, Gavin J. Churchyard, Galit Alter, Chetan Seshadri
Summary: The prevalence of tuberculosis is high among gold miners in South Africa, but a fraction of them show consistently negative results on conventional tests. This study discovered unconventional immune signatures of exposure to M.tb in these "resisters" and demonstrated that TNF may play a role in the coordinated response between T-cells and B-cells. These findings have implications for clinical diagnostics and understanding immune responses to TB.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahtab Tavasoli, Sarah Lahire, Stanislav Sokolenko, Robyn Novorolsky, Sarah Anne Reid, Abir Lefsay, Meredith O. C. Otley, Kitipong Uaesoontrachoon, Joyce Rowsell, Sadish Srinivassane, Molly Praest, Alexandra MacKinnon, Melissa Stella Mammoliti, Ashley Alyssa Maloney, Marina Moraca, J. Pedro Fernandez-Murray, Meagan McKenna, Christopher J. Sinal, Kanneboyina Nagaraju, George S. Robertson, Eric P. Hoffman, Christopher R. McMaster
Summary: Mutations in the CHKB gene cause muscular dystrophy. Changes in lipid metabolism are associated with decreased PPAR signaling in mouse models of the disease. Treatment with PPAR agonists can rescue expression of injury markers in myocytes in vitro.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Seungyeon Jung, Emma Armstrong, Alexander Z. Wei, Fei Ye, Aaron Lee, Matteo S. Carlino, Ryan J. Sullivan, Richard D. Carvajal, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Douglas B. Johnson
Summary: This multicenter study highlights KIT alterations that are sensitive to imatinib and further supports the use of imatinib in subsets of KIT-altered melanoma.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrika H. Julku, Maria Jantti, Reinis Svarcbahs, Timo T. Myohanen
Summary: The study showed that PREP-mediated phosphorylation, oligomerization, and internalization of DAT are not dependent on PKC or ERK. PREP inhibition had a varying impact on ERK phosphorylation depending on cellular metabolic state, but did not affect DAT phosphorylation or function. Additionally, PREP modifications did not affect PKC activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoshuang Wang, Mei Feng, Tengfei Xiao, Baosen Guo, Danyang Liu, Chenglong Liu, Jinpeng Pei, Qiaofeng Liu, Yi Xiao, Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld, Ying Shi, Yang Zhou, Mengxuan Yang, Yu-Xiong Feng, Yizhou Jiang, Zhimin Shao, Ker Yu, Di Zhu
Summary: The expression of BCL9 and BCL9L is correlated with malignancy in TNBC patient tumors, and they promote tumor cell growth, migration, and metastasis. Inhibition of BCL9/BCL9L and TGF-beta suppresses Treg activity, while TGF-beta signaling increases tumor infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 (+) T cells. Inhibiting BCL9/BCL9L synergizes with PD-1/L1 antibodies to inhibit tumor growth.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tayleur D. White, Abdulaziz Almutairi, Ying Gai Tusing, Xiaoyong Lei, Sasanka Ramanadham
Summary: iPLA(2)beta is involved in various biological processes, activated in several diseases, and plays a role in promoting inflammation, potentially contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases.
Article
Immunology
Tatjana Schwarz, Pinkus Tober-Lau, David Hillus, Elisa T. Helbig, Lena J. Lippert, Charlotte Thibeault, Willi Koch, Irmgard Landgraf, Janine Michel, Leon Bergfeld, Daniela Niemeyer, Barbara Muehlemann, Claudia Conrad, Chantip Dang-Heine, Stefanie Kasper, Friederike Muenn, Kai Kappert, Andreas Nitsche, Rudolf Tauber, Sein Schmidt, Piotr Kopankiewicz, Harald Bias, Joachim Seybold, Christof von Kalle, Terry C. Jones, Norbert Suttorp, Christian Drosten, Leif Erik Sander, Victor M. Corman, Florian Kurth
Summary: After receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, elderly individuals in Germany showed delayed and reduced antibody and T-cell responses compared to healthcare workers, indicating the potential need for additional immunizations for this age group. Nonpharmaceutical interventions for coronavirus disease remain crucial based on this data.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Xin Wang, Anjun Jiao, Lina Sun, Wenhua Li, Biao Yang, Yanhong Su, Renyi Ding, Cangang Zhang, Haiyan Liu, Xiaofeng Yang, Chenming Sun, Baojun Zhang
Summary: This study identifies Zfp335 as a crucial transcription factor in the regulatory network controlling T-cell development in mice. It is involved in maintaining iTCR beta expression during the DN to DP transition and activating cell survival signaling, thereby regulating thymocyte development and survival.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Minoru Tada, Michihiko Aoyama, Akiko Ishii-Watabe
Summary: T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) simultaneously bind tumor-associated antigens on tumor cells and CD3 on T cells, resulting in T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells. This study found that the aggregates of bsAbs could directly activate immune cells and induce inflammatory responses. These findings suggest the potential risk of unwanted immune cell activation and inflammation due to the aggregation of bsAbs.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sarah M. Hicks, Kai Pohl, Teresa Neeman, Hayley A. McNamara, Kate M. Parsons, Jin-shu He, Sidra A. Ali, Samina Nazir, Louise C. Rowntree, Thi H. O. Nguyen, Katherine Kedzierska, Denise L. Doolan, Carola G. Vinuesa, Matthew C. Cook, Nicholas Coatsworth, Paul S. Myles, Florian Kurth, Leif E. Sander, Graham J. Mann, Russell L. Gruen, Amee J. George, Elizabeth E. Gardiner, Ian A. Cockburn
Summary: The study demonstrates the high sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based approach for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The prevalence of virus-specific antibodies in a cohort of elective surgery patients in Australia was estimated to be 0.28%, indicating low transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia before July 2020. This data also validates the specificity of the assay used in the study.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Malene Brohus, Todor Arsov, David A. Wallace, Helene Halkjaer Jensen, Mette Nyegaard, Lia Crotti, Marcin Adamski, Yafei Zhang, Matt A. Field, Vicki Athanasopoulos, Isabelle Baro, Barbara B. Ribeiro de Oliveira-Mendes, Richard Redon, Flavien Charpentier, Hariharan Raju, Deborah DiSilvestre, Jinhong Wei, Ruiwu Wang, Haloom Rafehi, Antony Kaspi, Melanie Bahlo, Ivy E. Dick, Sui Rong Wayne Chen, Matthew C. Cook, Carola G. Vinuesa, Michael Toft Overgaard, Peter J. Schwartz
Summary: This study investigated the case of an Australian mother convicted of killing her four children, revealing a novel CALM2 gene variant in two of the children. This variant impairs calmodulin function, potentially leading to fatal arrhythmias.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Anna Bigas, Ivan Zanoni, Matthew R. Hepworth, Stephanie C. Eisenbarth, Seth Lucian Masters, Jonathan Kipnis, Carola G. Vinuesa, Kim L. Good-Jacobson, Stuart G. Tangye, Sayuri Yamazaki, Claire Hivroz, Elia Tait Wojno, Ziv Shulman, Marco Colonna
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula Gonzalez-Figueroa, Jonathan A. Roco, Ilenia Papa, Lorena Nunez Villacis, Maurice Stanley, Michelle A. Linterman, Alexander Dent, Pablo F. Canete, Carola G. Vinuesa
Summary: Regulatory T cells produce neuritin to suppress B cell-driven autoimmunity and IgE-mediated allergies. Lack of these T cells or neuritin leads to the emergence of autoantibodies and excessive IgE.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Srinivasan Sundararaj, Sandali Seneviratne, Simon J. Williams, Anselm Enders, Marco G. Casarotto
Summary: The IRF4(K59R) mutation in ATLL patients results in a change in the interaction between the protein and DNA, leading to enhanced binding and promoting ATLL development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alicia S. Wilson, Katrina L. Randall, Jessica A. Pettitt, Julia Ellyard, Antje Blumenthal, Anselm Enders, Benjamin J. Quah, Tobias Bopp, Christopher R. Parish, Anne Bruestle
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism by which neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) directly activate T cells and specifically enhance Th17 cell differentiation. This suggests a direct link between neutrophils, NETs, and T cell autoimmunity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonia N. Policheni, Charis E. Teh, Alissa Robbins, Selma Tuzlak, Andreas Strasser, Daniel H. D. Gray
Summary: By investigating compound mutant mice, researchers discovered a cooperative relationship between AIRE and PD-1, the loss of which can lead to spontaneous and lethal autoimmune disease. These findings have important implications for our understanding of how immune checkpoint blockade and defects in central tolerance can synergize to elicit autoimmune diseases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Charis E. Teh, Simon P. Preston, Alissa K. Robbins, Michael D. Stutz, James Cooney, Michelle P. Clark, Antonia N. Policheni, Cody C. Allison, Liana Mackiewicz, Philip Arandjelovic, Gregor Ebert, Marcel Doerflinger, Tania Tan, Lucille C. Rankin, Peggy P. Teh, Gabrielle T. Belz, Axel Kallies, Andreas Strasser, Marc Pellegrini, Daniel H. D. Gray
Summary: Targeting the immunosuppressive properties of FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells has therapeutic potential for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. This study identifies caspase-8 as a central regulator of T-reg homeostasis, playing a context-specific role during immune responses. Inhibition of caspase-8 leads to accumulation of resistant effector T-regs, while inflammation induces necroptosis of caspase-8-deficient T-regs, enhancing immunity but increasing the risk of lethal inflammation. Additionally, human T-regs exhibit heightened sensitivity to necroptosis compared to conventional T cells.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Rachel Thijssen, Luyi Tian, Mary Ann Anderson, Christoffer Flensburg, Andrew Jarratt, Alexandra L. Garnham, Jafar S. Jabbari, Hongke Peng, Thomas E. Lew, Charis E. Teh, Quentin Gouil, Angela Georgiou, Tania Tan, Tirta M. Djajawi, Constantine S. Tam, John F. Seymour, Piers Blombery, Daniel H. D. Gray, Ian J. Majewski, Matthew E. Ritchie, Andrew W. Roberts, David C. S. Huang
Summary: Researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to uncover the genetic and epigenetic changes associated with acquired resistance to Venetoclax in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). They found that these changes involve alterations in the BCL2 family of apoptosis regulators, particularly upregulation of the MCL1 gene and activation of NF-kappa B. MCL1 was identified as a direct transcriptional target of NF-kappa B. These findings highlight the plasticity of CLL cells in evading Venetoclax-induced apoptosis and provide insights for overcoming Venetoclax resistance.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Andrew A. Almonte, George Cavic, Teresa Neeman, Anselm Enders, Aude M. Fahrer
Summary: The question of why the gut microbiome is critical for the success of checkpoint inhibitor cancer therapy remains unanswered. The slow progress in this field may be attributed to an overlooked biological detail - the different tolerance levels of antibiotic cocktails used in various mouse strains.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Oriol Fornes, Alicia Jia, Hye Sun Kuehn, Qing Min, Ulrich Pannicke, Nikolai Schleussner, Romane Thouenon, Zhijia Yu, Maria de los Angeles Astbury, Catherine M. Biggs, Miguel Galicchio, Jorge Alberto Garcia-Campos, Silvina Gismondi, Guadalupe Gonzalez Villarreal, Kyla J. Hildebrandt, Manfred Honig, Jia Hou, Despina Moshous, Stefania Pittaluga, Xiaowen Qian, Jacob Rozmus, Ansgar S. Schulz, Aide Tamara Staines-Boone, Bijun Sun, Jinqiao Sun, Schauer Uwe, Edna Venegas-Montoya, Wenjie Wang, Xiaochuan Wang, Wenjing Ying, Xiaowen Zhai, Qinhua Zhou, Altuna Akalin, Isabelle Andre, Thomas F. E. Barth, Bernd Baumann, Anne Brustle, Gaetan Burgio, Jacinta C. Bustamante, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Marco G. Casarotto, Marina Cavazzana, Loic Chentout, Ian A. Cockburn, Mariantonia Costanza, Chaoqun Cui, Oliver Daumke, Kate L. Del Bel, Hermann Eibel, Xiaoqian Feng, Vedran Franke, J. Christof M. Gebhardt, Andrea Goetz, Stephan Grunwald, Benedicte Hoareau, Timothy R. Hughes, Eva-Maria Jacobsens, Martin Janz, Arttu Jalma, Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Nannan Lai, Yaxuan Li, Susan Lin, Henry Y. Lu, Saul O. Lugo-Reyes, Xin Meng, Pete Moeller, Nidia Moreno-Corona, Julie E. Niemela, Gherman Novakovsky, Jareb J. Perez-Caraballo, Capucine Picard, Lucie Poggi, Maria-Emilia Puig-Lombardi, Katrina L. Randallr, Anja Reisser, Yohann Schmitt, Sandali Seneviratne, Mehul Sharma, Jennifer Stoddard, Srinivasan Sundararaj, Harry Sutton, Linh Q. Tran, Ying Wang, Wyeth W. Wasserman, Zichao Wen, Wiebke Winkler, Ermeng Xiong, Ally W. H. Yang, Meiping Yu, Lumin Zhang, Hai Zhang, Qian Zhao, Xin Zhen, Anselm Enders, Sven Kracker, Ruben Martinez-Barricarte, Stephan Mathas, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Klaus Schwarz, Stuart E. Turvey, Ji-Yang Wang
Summary: A recurrent heterozygous mutation in IRF4 has been found to cause autosomal dominant combined immunodeficiency. This mutation leads to severe susceptibility to opportunistic infections, including Pneumocystis jirovecii, and agamma-globulinemia. The pathophysiology of this mutation disrupts normal lymphocyte biology through multimorphic changes in the function of IRF4.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Charis E. Teh, Hongke Peng, Meng-Xiao Luo, Tania Tan, Marie Trussart, Lauren J. Howson, Chong Chyn Chua, Christine Muttiah, Fiona Brown, Matthew E. Ritchie, Andrew H. Wei, Andrew W. Roberts, Vanessa L. Bryant, Mary Ann Anderson, Geoffrey J. Lindeman, David C. S. Huang, Rachel Thijssen, Daniel H. D. Gray
Summary: Venetoclax is effective for certain blood cancers, but relapse is common. Combining it with immunotherapies is promising, but its impact on normal immune cells is unclear. This study found minimal impact on T and NK cells, supporting the potential combination of Venetoclax with immunotherapies for better anti-tumor responses.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carola G. Vinuesa, Amalie Grenov, George Kassiotis
Summary: While all multicellular organisms possess germ line-encoded innate receptors, vertebrates have also developed adaptive immunity based on somatically generated antigen receptors. These two systems are interconnected, with innate immunity playing a crucial role in inducing adaptive antiviral immunity. This review focuses on how inborn errors of innate immunity can lead to B cell autoimmunity, with increased nucleic acid sensing and defects in metabolizing pathways or retroelement control contributing to the breakdown of B cell tolerance.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Carola G. Vinuesa, Nan Shen, Thuvaraka Ware
Summary: This review examines insights from genetic studies of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including observations from reports of monogenic SLE and the role of common and rare variants. It discusses the importance of age-associated B cells in SLE and how genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic data suggest their key role in the disease. Recent studies have provided valuable information on the genetic architecture of SLE through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and sequencing studies. While monogenic SLE accounts for a small proportion of cases, it has been instrumental in understanding disease mechanisms. The review also highlights the role of nucleic acid sensing and autoimmune response in SLE development, and the potential of targeted therapies using bespoke models of disease.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Melanie Heinlein, Luke C. Gandolfo, Kelin Zhao, Charis E. Teh, Nghi Nguyen, Jonathan B. Baell, Yael Goldfarb, Jakub Abramson, Johannes Wichmann, Anne K. Voss, Andreas Strasser, Gordon K. Smyth, Tim Thomas, Daniel H. D. Gray
Summary: The histone acetyltransferase KAT7 plays a critical role in promoting transcription of peripheral tissue genes and regulating immunological tolerance in thymic epithelial cells. Deficiency of KAT7 leads to impaired immunological tolerance and the development of autoimmune diseases.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)