Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohammad Naeem Azizi, Teck Chwen Loh, Hooi Ling Foo, Eric Lim Teik Chung
Summary: During the Covid-19 pandemic, there may be limited supply of raw materials such as corn and soybean meal for livestock and poultry feeds, leading to a growing interest in using palm kernel cake as an alternative. The chemical composition of palm kernel cake varies depending on the method of oil extraction, with acceptable levels of crude fiber for ruminants but considered high for poultry. Biodegradation through solid-state fermentation can enhance the nutritional quality of palm kernel cake.
Article
Environmental Studies
Kelechi Nwanekezie, Bram Noble, Greg Poelzer
Summary: This paper introduces the transitions-based SEA design, which focuses on the institutional environment and policy context to promote the development of sustainable strategic initiatives. The framework includes aspects such as institutional commitments, supporting policies, opportunities, risks, progress indicators, and external impacts.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ananda Vardhan Hebbani, Ratnakumari Anantha, Gowrang Kasaba Manjunath, Ashwini Kulkarni, Ria Sam, Anshu Mishra
Summary: Cadmium pollution is a global concern due to its widespread contamination of both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. This study investigated the cadmium remediation capacity of deoiled palm kernel cake (DOPC) immobilized with sodium alginate polymer, revealing a high biosorption potential under specific conditions. The findings suggest the potential of DOPC as an eco-friendly and cost-effective biosorbent for cadmium removal.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weiwei Dong, Shengqi Dong, Yongxu Li, Yutian Lei, Nan Peng, Yunxiang Liang, Shumiao Zhao, Xiangyang Ge
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach to produce feed additives, including MMOM and YC, with high value by utilizing PKC through enzymolysis and solid-state fermentation.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Missal Khan, Abdul Majid
Summary: The purpose of this study is to empirically evaluate the model that explains the methods involved in the transformation of environmental strategic capabilities into environmental strategic performance of manufacturing SMEs in developing economies. The study finds a positive correlation between environmental strategic capabilities and environmental strategic performance, and validates the mediation role of environmental strategic assessment as well as the moderating impact of stakeholder engagement.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mark Turner, Bradley Saville
Summary: Indonesia and Malaysia are net importers of animal feed products and also the largest producers and exporters of palm kernel cake (PKC). Research shows that the bioethanol process can convert the gluco-mannan fiber in PKC into ethanol and high-protein animal feed. According to the model, 1 kg of PKC can produce 0.58 kg of high-protein animal feed and 0.20 kg of ethanol.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alaa Emara Rabee, Khalid Z. Kewan, Ebrahim A. Sabra, Hassan M. El Shaer, Mebarek Lamara
Summary: The study demonstrated that non-traditional feed ingredients, including olive cake and discarded dates, had varying effects on the intake and growth performance of animals, with the feed formula S3 containing olive cake, discarded dates, and date palm fronds showing superior performance in rumen fermentation and bacterial community composition.
Article
Polymer Science
Tezara Cionita, Januar Parlaungan Siregar, Wong Ling Shing, Cheng Wan Hee, Deni Fajar Fitriyana, Jamiluddin Jaafar, Ramli Junid, Agustinus Purna Irawan, Agung Efriyo Hadi
Summary: This study aims to explore the application of palm kernel cake filler in reinforced epoxy composites. The effects of filler loading and alkaline treatment on the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that palm kernel cake is a promising material for use as a filler in polymer composites.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Abdul Niefaizal Abdul Hammid, Ainie Kuntom, Sahilah Abdul Mutalib
Summary: This study focused on the analysis of aflatoxins in palm kernel cake in Malaysia, showing that the levels of aflatoxins in all samples were below the set limit, and the developed method was proven to be specific, easy, and reliable for routine analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alessandra Fusi, Jacopo Bacenetti, Andrea R. Proto, Doriana E. A. Tedesco, Domenico Pessina, Davide Facchinetti
Summary: The production of miscanthus pellets has a lower environmental impact compared to wood pellets, mainly due to lower energy consumption during the pelletizing process. Miscanthus pellets show a reduction in environmental impact in categories such as global warming potential compared to wood pellets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fernanda G. Ferreira, Laudi C. Leite, Henry D. R. Alba, Douglas dos S. Pina, Stefanie A. Santos, Manuela S. L. Tosto, Carlindo S. Rodrigues, Dorgival M. de Lima Junior, Juliana S. de Oliveira, Jose E. de Freitas Junior, Bruna M. A. de C. Mesquita, Gleidson G. P. de Carvalho
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of palm kernel cake (PKC) on the performance, feeding behavior, and metabolic profile of lactating goats. The results showed that moderate inclusion of PKC had no significant effect on the performance of goats, but high inclusion levels reduced milk production and body weight.
Article
Agronomy
Osama A. A. Saeed, Umar M. M. Sani, Awis Q. Q. Sazili, Henny Akit, Abdul R. R. Alimon, Anjas A. A. Samsudin
Summary: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of corn substitution on the rumen functions and fatty acid profile of Dorper lambs fed a diet based on palm kernel cake (PKC). The results showed that there were no significant differences in in vitro digestibility, pH, ammonia concentration, and volatile fatty acids after corn substitution. However, there was a higher methane production in the control group compared to the groups with corn substitution. The microbial population and biohydrogenation rates were not significantly affected by corn substitution.
Article
Environmental Studies
Mashura Shammi, Pronab Kumar Halder, Shafi M. Tareq, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, Zobaidul Kabir
Summary: This study explores the evolution of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Bangladesh and discusses the potential application and challenges of SEA in the country. The research highlights the potential of SEA in promoting sustainable development in PPP projects in Bangladesh, while emphasizing the need to address challenges such as environmental governance, guideline development, and legislative modifications.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sasikarn Nuchdang, Nathan Phruetthinan, Papichaya Paleeleam, Vichai Domrongpokkaphan, Santi Chuetor, Praj Chirathivat, Chantaraporn Phalakornkule
Summary: This study compared the extraction of oil and bioactive compounds from palm kernel cake using Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and room temperature liquid extraction. The findings indicated differences in oil extraction yield, energy consumption, and types of extracted bioactive compounds among the three techniques.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Thuan Anh Vo, Hoang Vu Ly, Quoc Khanh Tran, Byeongwan Kwon, Seung-Soo Kim, Jinsoo Kim
Summary: Lumped-kinetic modeling and experiments were conducted on the co-pyrolysis of palm kernel cake and polystyrene in a closed-tubing reactor. The study showed that co-pyrolysis not only increased the quantity and quality of bio-oil products, but also demonstrated a synergistic effect in the blend. This approach effectively reduced the O and N contents in the bio-oil and increased the proportion of aromatic hydrocarbons.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Dyfed Rhys Morgan, Eifiona Thomas Lane, David Styles
Summary: Consumer demand for craft beer is growing, raising the need to define what truly constitutes craft beer in the face of acquisition of small breweries by larger companies. The lack of information for consumers and responsibility of retailers to distinguish between craft and mainstream beers are important considerations in this discussion.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia, Morag McDonald, David Styles
Summary: Small-scale anaerobic digestion of wet organic waste can contribute positively to climate mitigation, energy security, and nutrient cycling. However, lack of capacity to utilize biogas fuel may lead to biomethane venting, contributing to climate change. Policy support in Bali, Indonesia has resulted in the installation of small anaerobic digesters, but insufficient means to convert the potential fuel into useful energy has led to wasted biomethane emissions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zijuan Ding, Ren Hu, David Styles, Xiaolong Wang, Yingbing Tian, Yuxian Cao, Jun Hou
Summary: In this study, the sustainability performance of different rice cultivation modes was comprehensively assessed using emergy analysis, soil fertility indicators, global warming potential, and profitability. The results showed that compared to traditional farm practice, the optimized mode and optimized mode with green manure planting significantly increased total rice yield and profit. Despite improvements in some sustainability indicators, the mode with green manure planting was found to be the more sustainable option overall.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qiang Xu, Xiang Peng, Halun Guo, Yang Che, Zhi Dou, Zhipeng Xing, Jun Hou, David Styles, Hui Gao, Hongcheng Zhang
Summary: Rice-crayfish coculture produces more nutrition per hectare compared to rice monoculture and crayfish monoculture, but has a larger environmental footprint. By increasing productivity per hectare and improving fertilizer and feed use efficiency, the environmental burdens of rice-crayfish coculture could be further reduced.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2022)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Benjamin W. J. Freeman, Chris D. Evans, Samuel Musarika, Ross Morrison, Thomas R. Newman, Susan E. Page, Giles F. S. Wiggs, Nicholle G. A. Bell, David Styles, Yuan Wen, David R. Chadwick, Davey L. Jones
Summary: Drained, lowland agricultural peatlands are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and reducing drainage depths is crucial for responsible management. Wetland agriculture strategies are needed to balance GHG mitigation with productivity in peatlands and compromise systems may help deliver partial reductions in emission rates. Successful implementation of these strategies requires participatory research approaches and cooperation among stakeholders.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
David Styles, Jalil Yesufu, Martin Bowman, A. Prysor Williams, Colm Duffy, Karen Luyckx
Summary: Anaerobic digestion (AD) plays an important role in biowaste management, energy generation, food production, and carbon dioxide removal. The greenhouse gas mitigation efficacy of AD is limited compared to alternative processes such as waste prevention and conversion to animal feed. Solar electricity generation and afforestation have greater potential for saving fossil energy and mitigating greenhouse gases. In the transportation sector, biomethane is currently the most effective for GHG mitigation, but as electric transport and BECCS are deployed, large-scale combustion of biogas for electricity or industrial heat generation will become the most effective option. Prioritizing waste prevention and conversion to animal feed can have multiple benefits, but AD remains the best option for managing substantial volumes of residual food waste and manure.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dyfed Rhys Morgan, David Styles, Eifiona Thomas Lane
Summary: This study assesses the environmental impact of packaging and distribution in the life cycle of micro-brewed beer and proposes three mitigation options. The findings show that by changing from single use glass bottles to aluminium cans or reusable glass bottles and using trucks for distribution, participating breweries can achieve reductions across multiple impact categories. However, implementing reusable glass bottles would require significant investment and coordination.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
George Bishop, David Styles, Piet N. L. Lens
Summary: Governments globally have increased their commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while the compostable bioplastic market is rapidly growing. A life cycle assessment was conducted on four indicative feedstocks for bioplastic production, highlighting the importance of appropriate utilization of residues and sidestreams for the environmental performance of bioplastics.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Hou, David Styles, Weifeng Zhang
Summary: Dairy farms located in villages in China are an important sector in milk production. The development of village-based mixed livestock-crop systems can improve feed self-sufficiency, nutrient recycling, and reduce chemical fertilizer requirements, leading to increased crop productivity and benefit-cost ratio.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Isabel Schestak, David Styles, Kirsty Black, A. Prysor Williams
Summary: The distillery sector in the UK is a major industrial water user. This study provides new insights into the water scarcity footprint of Scottish single malt whisky and the potential impacts of using by-products as substitutes for feeds and energy carriers. By using by-products as animal feed, the water scarcity footprint and carbon footprint of alcohol production can be reduced. However, the offsets generated by by-products used for bioenergy are smaller. Water reuse and heat recovery should be prioritized to reduce the environmental footprint of whisky production.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Leanne Casey, Ben Freeman, Kurt Francis, Galina Brychkova, Peter McKeown, Charles Spillane, Andrey Bezrukov, Michael Zaworotko, David Styles
Summary: Attributional life cycle assessment was used to analyze the environmental footprints of lettuce produced in different supply chain configurations. The results showed that hydroponic closed-environment agriculture (CEA) systems have larger environmental footprints due to significant electricity consumption, but they can achieve higher yields. By using renewable energy sources and optimizing land use, the carbon footprint of CEA systems can be reduced. Additionally, CEA systems use less water compared to field-based supply chains and can help mitigate water stress and soil degradation in arid regions. While CEA has potential environmental hotspots, it can play a role in sustainable food system transformation when implemented carefully and in suitable contexts.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Colm Duffy, David Styles, Isabel Schestak, Kenneth Macgregor, Frances Jack, Daniel Henn, Kirsty Black, Pietro P. M. Iannetta
Summary: The use of by-products for animal feed production in Scotch Whisky distilleries can lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions and water scarcity offset compared to bio-energy production. The production of animal feed offers the most significant greenhouse gas offset, 2.5 to 8 times greater than bio-electricity/fuel and bio-energy/feed scenarios. This has the potential to contribute significantly to global net-zero carbon emissions, but may impact local energy security. The production of bio-electricity in electricity-intensive scenarios can increase Scotland's bio-energy production by 481 GWh per year, accounting for approximately 5% of Scotland's non-commercial electricity needs.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Charmaine Cruz, Jerome O'Connell, Kevin McGuinness, James R. Martin, Philip M. Perrin, John Connolly
Summary: This study used UAV remote sensing technology to map the spatial distribution of coastal dune habitats. The results showed that using multi-temporal UAV imagery improved classification accuracy, and including topographic information consistently improved accuracy. The research demonstrates the potential of UAV data for detailed mapping and monitoring of habitat types.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruchita Ingle, Saheba Bhatnagar, Bidisha Ghosh, Laurence Gill, Shane Regan, John Connolly, Matthew Saunders
Summary: PEATLANDS in Ireland cover only 20% of the land area but store 2320 million tonnes of carbon, with 90% of this drained and emitting 10 million tonnes of carbon annually. This research used satellite imagery and ground-based measurements to assess the gross primary productivity (GPP) of a near-natural peatland in Ireland. The study found that hybrid models using NDVI, EVI, and NDWI2 performed well in estimating GPP and showed a significant correlation of 89-96% with ground-based measurements.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Md Tariqul Islam, Andrew Bradley, Andrew Sowter, Roxane Andersen, Chris Marshall, Mike Long, Mary C. Bourke, John Connolly, David J. Large
Summary: This study proposes a new metric, RVSM, for assessing peat landslide susceptibility. By analyzing surface motion data measured by InSAR, it is found that high RVSM values are closely associated with known landslides and inferred points of initial failure, and can be detected up to two years in advance. This study has the potential to improve national-scale assessments of peat landslide susceptibility.