Article
Physiology
Pei-Yi Lo, Bo-Lin Su, Yu-Lin You, Chen-Wen Yen, Shih-Ting Wang, Lan-Yuen Guo
Summary: This study proposes a low-cost force plate for evaluating postural sway and demonstrates its excellent reliability in measuring COP velocity related parameters. Age affects the reliability of COP distance related parameters.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
B. Sutton Richmond, W. Brett Fling, Hyunglae Lee, S. Daniel Peterson
Summary: This article reviews the traditional use of CoP and CoM in measuring standing, as well as the technological advancements allowing for measurements outside the lab setting. Emphasizing the importance of balance performance, it discusses future research directions and the need for further understanding and predictive capacity of balance outcomes in different populations.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Vasileios Mylonas, Thomas Nikodelis, Iraklis Kollias
Summary: This study investigated the effects of time of day and age on postural performance. The results showed that younger individuals performed better at night, while older individuals performed better during the day. Different control strategies were also observed between the two groups during tests on an unstable surface.
EXPERIMENTAL AGING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Friedl De Groote, Stefanie Vandevyvere, Florian Vanhevel, Jean-Jacques Orban De Xivry
Summary: This study compared the reliability and effectiveness of measuring postural stability using a smartphone IMU versus a force plate in a large sample of older adults. While the test-retest reliability was lower for the smartphone, both devices were able to equally detect differences in stability between conditions. Additionally, parameters from the smartphone and force plate were moderately correlated after controlling for age.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alex Rizzato, Matteo Bozzato, Giuseppe Zullo, Antonio Paoli, Giuseppe Marcolin
Summary: This study aimed to present a servo-controlled, electrically driven movable plate and a new set of parameters based on the center-of-pressure (CoP) trajectory for the objective assessment of dynamic balance control.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Cibulkova, Klara Dadova, Katerina Maskova, Andrew Busch, Alena Kobesova, Jitka Varekova, Marcela Haspicova, Martin Matoulek
Summary: The study analyzed the changes in postural stability after bariatric surgery in individuals with obesity and examined the effect of regular exercise on static postural stability. The results showed that there were no significant differences in postural stability before and after surgery, and exercise did not have any effect on postural stability.
Review
Cell Biology
Michal Dudek, Joe Swift, Qing-Jun Meng
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides crucial signals to instruct cellular behavior and is regulated by circadian clocks. Aging and modern society disrupt circadian rhythms, which may contribute to ECM imbalance. Understanding the daily dynamics of ECM and its changes with age is important for tissue health, disease prevention, and treatment improvement.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Logan A. Pendergrast, Leonidas S. Lundell, Amy M. Ehrlich, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Milena Schoenke, Astrid L. Basse, Anna Krook, Jonas T. Treebak, Lucile Dollet, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise timing on adipose tissue metabolism. The findings showed that exercise during the early active phase could increase the level of serum nonesterified fatty acids and promote thermogenesis and mitochondrial proliferation in adipose tissue. Additionally, the study found that a 10-hour fast could induce a similar lipolytic response to active phase exercise but did not replicate the transcriptomic changes, suggesting that gene expression alterations are not driven by feeding status.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Bosserman, Sonia Kelkar, Kristen D. LeBlond, Jessica Cassidy, Dana B. McCarty
Summary: Preterm infants are at higher risk of developmental delays. Postural measurement tools can effectively measure center of pressure and asymmetry, and predict future motor impairment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Annika F. Barber, Shi Yi Fong, Anna Kolesnik, Michael Fetchko, Amita Sehgal
Summary: Regulation of circadian behavior and physiology by the Drosophila brain clock requires communication from central clock neurons to downstream output regions. Morning and evening clock neurons have time-of-day-dependent connectivity to the pars intercerebralis, which is regulated by specific peptides and fast neurotransmitters. This study provides insights into mechanisms by which clock neurons signal to nonclock cells to drive rhythms of behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Maria Paterna, Zeevi Dvir, Carlo De Benedictis, Daniela Maffiodo, Walter Franco, Carlo Ferraresi, Silvestro Roatta
Summary: This study investigated postural reactions to body-delivered perturbations and found that the impulse of the perturbation had a greater impact on displacement of the center of foot pressure than the force magnitude. The normalized response showed good repeatability across different sets of stimuli and was independent of the perturbation magnitude.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed E. Choudhury, Kazuya Miyanishi, Haruna Takeda, Junya Tanaka
Summary: Aging leads to a reduction in brain microglial cells, disrupting the circadian rhythmicity of brain tissue, and microglial cells also play a role in sleep homeostasis and response to sleep loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephanie Schmidle, Alexandra Charlotte de Crignis, Manuela Stuerzer, Joachim Hermsdoerfer, Klaus Jahn, Carmen Krewer
Summary: Posturography is an objective method to interpret postural control systematically. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different stance widths on a set of parameters in healthy older adults. Results showed that outcomes acquired in self-selected stance width provide comparable results to standardized stance widths of 20 and 30 cm.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Angel L. Phanthanourak, Allan L. Adkin, Mark G. Carpenter, Craig D. Tokuno
Summary: The ability to scale anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) according to the predicted size of the upcoming movement is reduced with aging. However, an altered emotional state, as elicited through postural threat, only minimally alters the scaling of APAs.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Natalie Tipton, Gordon Alderink, Samhita Rhodes
Summary: The body's postural control system responds to imbalances and maintains balance. The oscillations of the center of pressure during quiet standing can indicate the level of stability and be used to quantify the effects of brain injuries. This study analyzed the center of pressure for different stances and visual conditions in neurotypical participants, using indices of approximate entropy and velocity. The results showed that as stability levels decreased, there was an increase in approximate entropy and velocity in both anterior/posterior and medial/lateral directions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Bo Bregenhof, Per Aagaard, Nis Nissen, Mark W. Creaby, Jonas Bloch Thorlund, Carsten Jensen, Trine Torfing, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen
Summary: For patients with persistent hamstring strength deficits after ACL reconstruction, 12 weeks of supervised progressive strength training was found to be more effective than low-intensity home-based exercises for improving maximal knee flexor muscle strength and some patient-reported outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Andreucci, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Frederikke Orskov Reuther, Mariann Hussein, Sultana Rahimzai, Trine Dorthea Linnemann, Simon Kristoffer Johansen
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of the wait-and-see recommendation on adolescents' understanding of their illness and symptoms, as well as their care-seeking behavior. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews, it was found that the perception of the wait-and-see approach changed from positive to negative when adolescents received the recommendation multiple times. Additionally, the lack of consideration and acknowledgement from their general practitioner played a significant role in how the adolescents understood their knee pain.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Rudi Hansen, Christoffer Brushoj, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, S. Peter Magnusson, Marius Henriksen
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two 12-week exercise programs targeting either the quadriceps or the hip muscles in patients with patellofemoral pain. The results showed that both exercise programs were equally effective in improving symptoms and function for these patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Michael Skovdal Rathleff
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Joaquin Calatayud, Daniel C. Ogrezeanu, Juan J. Carrasco, Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Sofia Perez-Alenda, Carlos Cruz-Montecinos, Lars L. Andersen, Per Aagaard, Luis Suso-Marti, Jose Casana
Summary: This study aimed to compare the safety, feasibility, and neuromuscular activity of low-load resistance exercise with/without blood flow restriction (BFR) in people with severe hemophilia. The results showed that BFR did not cause pain increases or adverse events, and there were no significant changes in neuromuscular activity. Therefore, it is safe and feasible for these patients to perform exercise with low load and appropriate BFR.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Tobias Goetschi, Victoria Held, Gianna Klucker, Barbara Niederoest, Per Aagaard, Joerg Spoerri, Fabian S. Passini, Jess G. Snedeker
Summary: Prolonged periods of increased physical demands can cause both positive and negative adaptations in tendons, depending on the underlying mechanisms. The PIEZO1 ion channel has been implicated in tendon mechanotransduction and the E756del gain-of-function variant has been linked to improved jumping performance. This study found that carrying the E756del gene variant was associated with increased patellar tendon stiffness in humans, but there was no correlation between tendon stiffness and jumping performance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Christopher T. A. Lewis, Lee Tabrizian, Joachim Nielsen, Jenni Laitila, Thomas N. Beck, Mathilde S. Olsen, Marija M. Ognjanovic, Per Aagaard, Rune Hokken, Simon Laugesen, Arthur Ingersen, Jesper L. Andersen, Casper Soendenbroe, Jorn W. Helge, Flemming Dela, Steen Larsen, Ronni E. Sahl, Tue Romer, Mikkel T. Hansen, Jacob Frandsen, Charlotte Suetta, Julien Ochala
Summary: Lewis et al. investigated the influence of training status on relaxed myosin conformations and found that moderate physical activity leads to a shift in relaxed myosin conformation, resulting in reduced ATP consumption. Their study revealed that physical activity level and training type can influence resting skeletal muscle myosin dynamics, suggesting that environmental stimuli such as exercise can rewire the molecular metabolism of human skeletal muscle through myosin.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kristian Damgaard Lyng, Line Bay Sorensen, Jens Lykkegaard Olesen, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Sinead Holden
Summary: This study investigated the impact of Osgood-Schlatter disease on pain sensitivity and pain inhibition in adolescents. The results showed that adolescents with Osgood-Schlatter disease displayed increased pain sensitivity locally, proximally, and distally, but had similar pain modulation compared to healthy controls. Greater severity of Osgood-Schlatter disease was associated with less efficient pain inhibition during exercise-induced hypoalgesia.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Maria Baektoft van Weert, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Peter Eppinga, Carsten Moller Molgaard, Wouter Welling
Summary: The study found that external focus of attention (EF) is more effective than internal focus of attention (IF) in improving jump-landing technique after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Using a target as EF significantly improved jump-landing technique, which is beneficial for ACLR rehabilitation outcomes.
Article
Rehabilitation
Chris Djurtoft, Tomer Yona, Ewa Maria Roos, Kristian Thorborg, Per Holmich, Sten Rasmussen, Jens Lykkegaard Olesen, Michael Skovdal Rathleff
Summary: This study describes the Quality of Life (QoL) among adolescents with Patellofemoral Pain (PFP) and Osgood-Schlatter Disease (OSD) and investigates characteristics associated with QoL. The results show that many adolescents with longstanding non-traumatic knee pain experience low QoL, with more than half being aware of their knee problems daily, one in three reporting a severe lack of confidence in their knee, and one in six feeling worried, sad, or unhappy.
PHYSICAL THERAPY IN SPORT
(2023)
Review
Physiology
M. H. Hjortshoej, P. Aagaard, C. D. Storgaard, H. Juneja, J. Lundbye-Jensen, S. P. Magnusson, C. Couppe
Summary: This study evaluated the hormonal, immune, and oxidative stress responses in healthy adults following low-load blood-flow restricted resistance exercise (LL-BFRRE) and conventional free-flow resistance exercise (FFRE). The results showed that LL-BFRRE induced higher hormone and immune responses compared to FFRE, and had attenuated oxidative stress responses compared to HL-FFRE.
Article
Sport Sciences
M. J. Johansen, P. Aagaard, K. D. Gejl, T. Kvorning, J. Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study examined the relationship between maximal club head speed (CHS) and physiological and anthropometric factors in 21 national-level male golfers. The study found that CHS was positively correlated with measures of strength, power, and trunk rotation. Participants with high CHS demonstrated greater strength, power, and trunk rotation compared to those with low CHS. Improving neuromuscular strength and power may be important for golfers to increase CHS and driving distance.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Peter Larsen, Michael S. Rathleff, Ewa M. Roos, Rasmus Elsoe
Summary: This study aimed to establish national record-based reference values for the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and its short form KOOS-12. The results showed that the reference values for KOOS and KOOS-12 can generally be used without stratification for age and sex. However, sport/recreation reference values stratified for age and body mass index may be important.
Article
Orthopedics
Peter Larsen, Michael S. Rathleff, Ewa M. Roos, Rasmus Elsoe
Summary: This study aimed to establish population-based reference values for the HOOS and its short-form HOOS-12. The results showed that older patients and those with a BMI over 40 had worse HOOS and HOOS-12 scores, which may be clinically important in evaluating treatment outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMA SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Nina Gras, Torsten Brauner, Scott Wearing, Thomas Horstmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenge posed by progressively unstable balance devices to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients. The results showed that increasingly compliant balance pads provided a progressive challenge, while the challenge posed by the oscillating platform was lower and independent of the ability to stand independently.
Article
Neurosciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Evest H. W. Chan, Jason Y. H. Chan, Gladys P. Y. Huang, Kelly K. T. Lam, Eunice W. Y. Lam, Allan C. L. Fu, Eliza R. Sun
Summary: This study examined the differences in postural adjustments between erect, hyperlordotic, and swayback postures when facing external perturbations. The findings suggest that adopting hyperlordotic and swayback postures alters the contributions of the active and passive subsystems of the spine in postural control, potentially reducing the spine's ability to withstand loading and shear forces.
Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-yi Wang, Cheng-Yi Ho, Min-Chun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the differences in lumbar and hip movements during gait and muscle activities related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and healthy participants. The results showed that KOA patients used a hyperlordotic lumbar and hip flexed strategy, leading to excessive stress on the lower extremity joints during gait.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitaka Otani, Osamu Aoki
Summary: This study found that feelings of fear affect postural control but not the internal focus of attention. This finding may be useful in assessments and interventions for older adults with a fall risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Haruki Toda, Hiroaki Hobara, Mitsunori Tada
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in lower limb dynamic joint stiffness (DJS) during walking in older adults. The results showed that ankle DJS was lower in older women, which was caused by the reduced ankle plantarflexion moment. However, knee DJS did not elucidate the cause of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older women.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan
Summary: The study found that the reliability of stiffness, viscosity, and inertia of the ankle joint was good to excellent during standing. During walking, the reliability of stiffness and viscosity was also good to excellent, while that of inertia was fair to good. The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged widely, but was higher for inertia during walking.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Dejong Lempke, Danielle L. Hunt, Sarah B. Willwerth, Pierre A. d'Hemecourt, William P. Meehan III, Kristin E. Whitney
Summary: Adolescent athletes alter their gait patterns throughout a marathon race, and there are correlations between biomechanical features and race performance among young marathoners.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Esmaeili, Sayed Esmaeil Hosseininejad, Amirali Jafarnezhadgero, Valdeci Carlos Dionisio
Summary: This study investigates the effects of footwear type, navicular drop and ankle pronation on lower limb joint stiffness during running. The results show that navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation do not affect joint stiffness, but footwear type significantly affects joint stiffness. Conventional footwear increases ankle and hip joint stiffness while reducing knee joint stiffness, which may have implications for injury risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Watanabe, Tomoya Takabayashi, Takanori Kikumoto, Yudai Kikuchi, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shiori Hiratsuka, Masayoshi Kubo
Summary: This study suggests that there are differences in abductor hallucis activity between individuals with chronic ankle instability and ankle sprain copers, indicating neuromuscular dysfunction in these patients, which leads to pain and instability symptoms.
Letter
Neurosciences
Susan M. Linder, Mandy Miller Koop, Jay L. Alberts
Article
Neurosciences
Elza van Duijnhoven, Marit van der Veen, Fieke S. Koopman, Frans Nollet, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Merel-Anne Brehm
Summary: Gait stability is impaired in polio survivors with plantarflexor weakness, characterized by increased step width and step length variability and lower MoSAP. These factors are related to the elevated energy cost of walking in polio survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Hemming, Alister du Rose, Liba Sheeran, Robert van Deursen, Valerie Sparkes
Summary: In a forward bending task, there is a relationship between trunk muscle activation and regional thoracic and lumbar kinematics in NSCLBP subgroups, indicating different motor control strategies adopted by different subgroups when performing bending tasks.
Review
Neurosciences
Carina Pohle, Linda Becker, Jochen Baumeister
Summary: This systematic review is the first to compile evidence on the effect of the menstrual cycle on postural control. The evidence regarding the influence of the menstrual cycle on postural control is unclear. However, a trend of decreased postural control from the early follicular phase to the ovulatory phase was observed in balance tasks that eliminated or altered sensory input.
