Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shuzhen Zhao, Jie Sun, Jinbo Sun, Xiaoqian Zhang, Chuanzhi Zhao, Jiaowen Pan, Lei Hou, Ruizheng Tian, Xingjun Wang
Summary: This study revealed the important regulatory role of AhFAD2-7 gene in the accumulation of oleic acid and linoleic acid in peanut seeds dependent on maturity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Shi, Wei Hua, Yin Min Htwe, Dapeng Zhang, Jun Li, Yong Wang
Summary: The study found that ABA treatment promoted the expression of FAD2 and other genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in oil palm fruit, resulting in the accumulation of linoleic acid.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Shengli Jing, Jingang Xu, Hengmin Tang, Peng Li, Bin Yu, Qingsong Liu
Summary: This review explores the roles of sRNAs in rice-BPH interactions and highlights recent research progress in unraveling the mechanism of cross-kingdom RNA interference between host plants and insects, as well as the application of this interference in pest management of crops including rice.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junjun Jiang, Qianqian Shi, Xi Li, Xueying He, Cuiyun Wu, Xingang Li
Summary: This study identified the main components of jujube fruit and found that linoleic acid was the main unsaturated fatty acid. Five ZjFAD2 genes highly related to linoleic acid biosynthesis were also discovered. The expression of these genes in tobacco and jujube fruit confirmed their key roles in linoleic acid synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of linoleic acid synthesis in jujube and can contribute to breeding strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juergen Gindlhuber, Maximilian Schinagl, Laura Liesinger, Barbara Darnhofer, Tamara Tomin, Matthias Schittmayer, Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has a high prevalence and is related to the types and concentrations of fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids impair cell growth and lipid droplet formation, potentially leading to cell death, while oleic acid and mixtures containing oleic acid do not have adverse effects on cell growth and promote lipid droplet accumulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. de Souza, C. M. Prom, A. L. Lock
Summary: The study found that feeding dairy cows with FA supplements containing C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 during the immediate postpartum period resulted in better production and metabolic responses compared to the control group, with the effects carrying over into early lactation. Increasing cis-9 C18:1 content linearly increased dry matter intake but did not affect milk yield, while also reducing losses in body weight and body condition score.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. de Souza, C. M. Prom, A. L. Lock
Summary: This experiment found that feeding dairy cows fatty acid supplements containing palmitic and cis-9 C18:1 during the immediate postpartum period increased nutrient digestibility, energy intake, and milk energy output. Increasing dietary intake of cis-9 C18:1 can enhance energy intake, reduce markers of body fat mobilization, and improve energy balance during the immediate postpartum period.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lindsay Westbrook, Bradley J. Johnson, Gyoungok Gang, Kentaro Toyonaga, Eun Young Kang, Stephen B. Smith
Summary: This study provides evidence for the presence of functional GPR120 receptors in subcutaneous adipose tissue, which can inhibit lipolysis by reducing cAMP production. However, the role of GPR43 in the accumulation of adipose tissue lipids in growing steers remains unclear.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rayda Ben Ayed, Tejas Chirmade, Mohsen Hanana, Khalil Khamassi, Sezai Ercisli, Ravish Choudhary, Narendra Kadoo, Rohini Karunakaran
Summary: Palm oil is the most important vegetable oil in terms of production, and its demand is rapidly increasing worldwide. This study identified two SNP markers in the FAD2 gene that are significantly correlated with palm oil quality. The research provides insights into the mechanism of fatty acid synthesis in palm oil and supports the use of molecular biology techniques to improve its quality.
Article
Agronomy
J. H. Kamdar, M. D. Jasani, B. C. Ajay, Kirti Rani, N. Manivannan, R. P. Vasanthi, K. L. Dobariya, M. K. Pandey, P. Janila, T. Radhakrishnan, R. K. Varshney, S. K. Bera
Summary: The study found that high oleic peanuts offer multiple health benefits and longer shelf life benefits to the food processing industry. Through research on 563 peanut pre-breeding lines, it was discovered that the ahFAD2A mutant allele was present in 82 lines, while the ahFAD2B mutant allele was not as prevalent.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vanessa Kristine de Oliveira Schmidt, Paulo Alexandre Durant Moraes, Karina Cesca, Luiz Paulo Soares Pereira, Lidiane Maria de Andrade, Maria Anita Mendes, Debora de Oliveira, Cristiano Jose de Andrade
Summary: This study investigated the effect of hydrophobic inducers on surfactin production by B. subtilis ATCC 6633 using cassava wastewater as a low-cost culture medium. The results showed that hydrophobic inducers can enhance the production of surfactin and induce the production of new surfactin homologues.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Hyun Jo, Changwan Woo, Nabachwa Norah, Jong Tae Song, Jeong-Dong Lee
Summary: Soybean breeders are focused on increasing the concentration of oleic acid in soybean seed oils to improve oil quality. This study identified a new mutant allele of the FAD2-1A gene, PE529, which produces soybean seeds with over 40% oleic acid. This discovery provides valuable genetic resources for improving soybean oil quality in breeding programs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Farwa Nadeem, Muhammad Asif Hanif, Khurram Shahzad, Ahmed Saleh Ahmed Summan, Arshid Mahmood Ali
Summary: This study investigated the effects of condensation polymerization, catalytic breakdown, kink production, and double bond induction on biodiesel production. The optimization of fatty acid carbon chain length was found to improve biodiesel yield and low-temperature flow properties. Gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acids in Pongamia pinnata showed high percentages of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid.
Article
Agronomy
Qi Zhang, Lu Liu, Zhifeng Xiao, Yuwei Sun, Yongjing Xi, Tingting Sun, Jiabao Wang, Piwu Wang
Summary: Soybean oil, a traditional edible oil, can be improved by increasing the oleic acid content through regulating the expression of FAD2 genes. In this study, multiple FAD2 genes were knocked out using a multivalent CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing vector. The results showed that the knockout of multiple FAD2 genes increased the soybean oleic acid content and decreased the linoleic acid content, with the JN38 mutant showing the best performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cuizhe Wang, Xiaolong Chu, Yuchun Deng, Jingzhou Wang, Tongtong Qiu, Jiaojiao Zhu, Xin Yang, Chongge Pan, Jianyu Xiong, Jianxin Xie, Yongsheng Chang, Jun Zhang
Summary: Both PA and OA inhibit KLF15 expression through GPR120, leading to abnormal glucose metabolism in adipocytes. Notably, the inhibition of KLF15 expression by PA depends on phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ali Khoddami, Valeria Messina, Komala Vadabalija Venkata, Asgar Farahnaky, Christopher L. Blanchard, Thomas H. Roberts
Summary: Sorghum grain is a major staple food in Africa and Asia, but it is primarily used as animal feed in Western countries. However, due to the ability of sorghum crops to resist heat and drought and the excellent functional properties of sorghum in healthy diets, there is potential for the development of new sorghum-based foods.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Raiyan Mahbub, Esther Callcott, Shiwangni Rao, Omid Ansari, Daniel L. E. Waters, Christopher L. Blanchard, Abishek B. Santhakumar
Summary: Hemp seed protein hydrolysates (HSPH) alleviated biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and platelet activation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Saira Hussain, Ata Ur Rehman, Hassan K. Obied, David J. Luckett, Christopher L. Blanchard
Summary: Canola meal extracts were generated using different solvents, and water was found to be the best solvent for the recovery of glucosinolates. Genotype-2 canola meal had higher quantities of phenolic, glucosinolate, and antioxidant compounds compared to genotype-1. Analysis revealed the presence of 32 compounds, including nine glucosinolates and twenty-three phenolic derivatives, in canola meal extracts. Some of these extracts exhibited mild to moderate in-vitro antidiabetic activity.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Stephen David Cork, Chris Blanchard, Andrew John Mawson, Asgar Farahnaky
Summary: Pulses provide economic and health benefits to people worldwide, but their adoption in western diets is limited. To increase pulse consumption, accessibility to the ready-to-eat food market needs to be improved through systematic studies on pulse processing and the production of high-quality pulse-based foods.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mei Li, Jing Wang, Fenfen Wang, Ming Wu, Rui Wang, Padraig Strappe, Chris Blanchard, Zhongkai Zhou
Summary: The effect of acylation with various short-chain fatty acids on starch structure, digestion, and gut microbiota fermentation was studied. Results showed that acylation altered the internal structure of starch and led to the formation of different fractal structures. Additionally, intestinal flora can effectively release acyl groups introduced onto starch molecules during fermentation, increasing the production of specific short-chain fatty acids.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Borkwei Ed Nignpense, Sajid Latif, Nidhish Francis, Christopher Blanchard, Abishek Bommannan Santhakumar
Summary: Polyphenol-rich purple rice has been found to have various health benefits, including antioxidant activity. This study investigated the effect of gastrointestinal digestion on the bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of purple rice. The results showed a significant difference in bioaccessible phenolic content and antioxidant activity between gastric and intestinal digestion. However, the number of bioaccessible polyphenols decreased after digestion, but significant free radical scavenging activity was still retained due to the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds such as tryptophan and protocatechuic acid.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Rui Wang, Jing Wang, Min Liu, Padraig Strappe, Mei Li, Anqi Wang, Min Zhuang, Jinguang Liu, Chris Blanchard, Zhongkai Zhou
Summary: Different types of starch exhibit different acetylation tendencies under the same reaction conditions. Acetylation affects starch crystalline structure and thermodynamic stability, leading to a reduction in surface pore structure. Acetylated starch granules produce more short-chain fatty acids during microbiome fermentation, with A-type starch fermented at a faster rate by gut bacteria microbiota and acylated starch more easily utilized by gut microbiota.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qian-Hao Zhu, Shuangxia Jin, Yuman Yuan, Qing Liu, Xianlong Zhang, Iain Wilson
Summary: This study successfully generated a collection of cotton miR482 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, resulting in lower disease index in response to pathogen infection. The study provides a valuable resource for the cotton community to uncover the role of miR482-NLR module(s) in the interaction between cotton and different pathogens.
Article
Plant Sciences
Weijie Xu, Yue Wang, Jianbo Xie, Shuxian Tan, Haofei Wang, Yiyang Zhao, Qing Liu, Yousry A. El-Kassaby, Deqiang Zhang
Summary: Soil salinity affects crop productivity and triggers salt stress in plants. This study found that the growth-regulating factor 15 (PagGRF15) and its target gene high-affinity K+ transporter 6 (PagHAK6) play important roles in the salt stress response. Overexpression of PagGRF15 and PagHAK6 improved salt tolerance in poplar by enhancing Na+ transport and regulating H2O2 accumulation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Borkwei Ed Nignpense, Sajid Latif, Nidhish Francis, Christopher Blanchard, Abishek Bommannan Santhakumar
Summary: This study characterised polyphenols from pigmented cereals and evaluated their bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity. The findings showed that these pigmented cereal varieties are sources of bioaccessible polyphenols with antioxidant activity.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Heidi Bochenek, Nidhish Francis, Abishek B. Santhakumar, Christopher L. Blanchard, Kenneth A. Chinkwo
Summary: This study compared the effects of water leached out from cooking chickpeas and chickpea polyphenol extract on colorectal cancer cells, and found that both have anticancer and antioxidant activities. The findings suggest that the water from cooking chickpeas should not be discarded as it contains beneficial bioactive compounds.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Wang, Mei Li, Min Liu, Anqi Wang, Padraig Strappe, Chris Blanchard, Zhongkai Zhou
Summary: The Pickering emulsion was prepared using esterified debranched starch with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The introduction of acyl groups improved the ability of starch to stabilize the emulsions, with butyrylated starch showing the highest emulsifying ability. The emulsions stabilized with butyrylated starch had better stability and smaller droplet sizes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Siong H. Tan, Christopher L. Blanchard, Thomas H. Roberts, Daniel L. E. Waters, A. John Mawson
Summary: The fermentation performance of 11 commercial sorghum cultivars for ethanol production was investigated. It was found that cultivars with high-starch and low-protein grains were the most suitable for fermentation, resulting in high ethanol content and fermentability.
Article
Cell Biology
Kishor Mazumder, Asma Aktar, Sujatha Ramasamy, Biswajit Biswas, Philip G. Kerr, Christopher Blanchard
Summary: This research investigates the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects of nine cultivars of lupin seeds on colon cancer cells. The findings demonstrate that lupin cultivars can arrest cell cycles by inducing increased generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and activation of caspases-3/7.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Jia, Dengdeng Li, Rui Wang, Anqi Wang, Padraig Strappe, Qinghai Wu, Wenting Shang, Xuanyu Wang, Min Zhuang, Chris Blanchard, Zhongkai Zhou
Summary: The influence of phenolic compound extracts from three colored rice cultivars on the gut microbiota was investigated. The results revealed changes in the microbial structure and metabolites. Phenolic compounds promoted the growth of certain beneficial bacteria and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria. The major fermentation products were propionate and acetate.