Article
Energy & Fuels
Jinlu Huo, Yuanhang Guan, Meng Zhang, Duo Zhang, Jiubin Lyu, Zhen Huang, Dong Han
Summary: Understanding the ignition characteristics of diesel in advanced combustion modes is crucial for achieving efficient diesel combustion. This study investigates the auto-ignition characteristics of diesel spray in three different oxidizing atmospheres. The experimental results show that the auto-ignition tendency and combustion intensity of diesel vary in different oxidizing atmospheres. The effects of ambient temperature, pressure, and injection pressure on ignition delay and combustion delay are also examined.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alper Calam, Serdar Halis, Bilal Aydogan, Can Hasimoglu
Summary: This study aimed to control the HCCI combustion phase by testing different ratios of low and high reactivity pure fuels and their mixtures. The analysis showed that HN75 fuel provided the best operating conditions and low CO and HC emissions in HCCI combustion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiaying Pan, Zhen Hu, Zhenhua Pan, Gequn Shu, Haiqiao Wei, Tao Li, Changwen Liu
Summary: Ethanol as an oxygenate additive in gasoline can inhibit knocking tendency, delay auto-ignition timing, and reduce pressure oscillations in combustion. Turbulent mixing and energy density play roles in alleviating knocking intensity and promoting detonation development, but fuel reactivity remains the key factor in strong knocking formation and detonation development.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Carolina S. Mergulhao, Yann Fenard, Goutham Kukkadapu, Scott W. Wagnon, Guillaume Vanhove
Summary: This study investigates the octane hyperboosting effect of prenol through experimental and kinetic modeling approaches. The results show that prenol addition reduces ignition phenomena and improves knock resistance. This behavior is attributed to gas-phase reactivity of prenol and a catalytic nature that cannot be captured by kinetic modeling.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jisoo Shin, Sungwook Park
Summary: Due to environmental regulations, the use of ammonia as a carbon-free fuel for internal combustion engines is gaining attention. This study investigated the combustion characteristics of an ammonia-diesel dual-fuel engine through numerical simulation. The results showed that advanced injection timing and high ammonia energy fraction can significantly improve efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhe Ren, Wang Liu, Zhen Huang, Dong Han
Summary: This study compares the spray auto-ignition behaviors of RP-3 jet fuel and conventional diesel fuel. The results show that RP-3 jet fuel has lower auto-ignition propensity and burn rate compared to diesel fuel. The ignition delay and combustion delay times of RP-3 jet fuel are more sensitive to changes in temperature and oxygen concentration. In addition, staged heat releases and pressure rises are more evident in lower oxygen ambience. The peak heat release rate of diesel fuel exhibits a non-monotonic trend with increasing temperature, while this trend is less significant for RP-3 jet fuel. Elevated injection pressure and extended injection duration significantly decrease the combustion delay time at lower ambient oxygen concentrations.
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Magnus Kircher, Sebastian Popp, Sandro Gierth, Andrea Pati, Jonathan Schneider, Marco Guenther, Christian Hasse
Summary: Knocking combustion limits the efficiency of spark ignition engines, and understanding this process is crucial for optimizing combustion. In this study, the combustion of a multicomponent fuel under knocking conditions was investigated, revealing a negative temperature coefficient behavior and a two-stage auto-ignition process. By considering temperature stratification and turbulent flame propagation, it was observed that the mass consumed by auto-ignition directly affects the knock intensity.
FLOW TURBULENCE AND COMBUSTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Baodong Ma, Anren Yao, Chunde Yao, Chao Chen, Guofan Qu, Wenchao Wang, Youkai Ai
Summary: This study identified four typical combustion modes in a diesel methanol dual fuel engine, with the first and second modes showing higher thermal efficiency. Diesel plays an important role in igniting methanol and improving combustion under different conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
P. R. Jha, S. Wijeyakulasuriya, S. R. Krishnan, K. K. Srinivasan
Summary: The present work focuses on the development and validation of a CFD simulation setup for diesel-methane dual fuel combustion in a single-cylinder research engine. The validated setup provides insight into dual fuel combustion at low-load operation and the effect of methane on diesel autoignition.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yu Zhang, Ronghua Huang, Sheng Huang, Pei Zhou, Xiaoxuan Rao, Guojun Zhang, Liang Qiu
Summary: The study investigated the puffing, auto-ignition, and combustion characteristics of an n-pentanol-diesel droplet using droplet suspension technology. Different n-pentanol concentrations were found to affect the evolution profiles of OH* intensity.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Abdullah U. Bajwa, Felix C. P. Leach, Martin H. Davy
Summary: This review paper provides an overview of developments in various gasoline controlled auto-ignition (CAI) technologies and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. It emphasizes the challenges and opportunities of CAI implementation, especially for electrified powertrains, and identifies synergistic operation possibilities between thermal and electric components of hybridised powertrains. The article also discusses the prospects of supporting CAI combustion for different powertrain electrification levels, hybrid architectures, engine size, and energy management systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aneesh Vijay Kale, Anand Krishnasamy
Summary: This study aims to extend the operating load range of a diesel engine in HCCI mode by using high volatile, optimum reactivity fuel. The results show that increasing the content of diisopropyl ether in fuel blends can improve the indicated thermal efficiency, but also increase the emissions of unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jizhen Zhu, Jing Li, Sixu Wang, Mohsin Raza, Yong Qian, Yuan Feng, Liang Yu, Yebing Mao, Xingcai Lu
Summary: The study explores the ignition delay time measurements of methane/diesel mixtures with varying diesel substitution ratios, showing typical two-stage autoignition characteristics and a crossover of IDTs at high temperature. Diesel has a non-linear promoting effect on IDTs, while competition between methane and diesel for OH radicals inhibits the consumption of diesel and promotes the depletion of methane.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Binbin Yu, Xinsheng Jiang, Donghai He, Chunhui Wang, Zituo Wang, Yunxiong Cai, Jin Yu, Jia-jia Yu
Summary: RP-3 kerosene, the most widely used aviation kerosene in China, has been studied for its chemical-kinetic mechanism, with a four-component surrogate fuel developed and validated to accurately predict ignition, oxidation, and flame propagation characteristics.
Article
Thermodynamics
Moez Ben Houidi, Abdullah S. AlRamadan, Julien Sotton, Marc Bellenoue, S. Mani Sarathy, Bengt Johansson
Summary: The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) concept has great potential for improving engine efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions, but its application in Internal Combustion (IC) engines is limited to low speed and load conditions. By promoting moderate thermal and charge stratification, multi-stage ignition events can be achieved to reduce excessive Pressure Rise Rates (PRR).
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Juan J. Hernandez, Magin Lapuerta, Alexis Cova-Bonillo
Summary: A group contribution equation is proposed for predicting the cool flame and main auto-ignition delay time of linear and slightly branched paraffinic fuels, with sufficient accuracy within a certain temperature and pressure range.
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Molina, R. Novella, B. Pla, M. Lopez-Juarez
Summary: This study aims to explore ways to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions by varying the design elements of fuel cell vehicles. The results show that increasing battery capacity and FC maximum power can decrease energy consumption and improve system efficiency, leading to extended vehicle range.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jose Rodriguez-Fernandez, Juan Jose Hernandez, Angel Ramos, Alejandro Calle-Asensio
Summary: The study focuses on the factors influencing the fuel consumption and NOx emissions of a diesel passenger car, finding that high average vehicle velocity can reduce fuel consumption, and that higher engine temperature and an efficient gear shifting strategy can also contribute to energy savings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
J. Benajes, J. M. Garcia-Oliver, J. M. Pastor, I Olmeda, A. Both, D. Mira
Summary: This study focuses on flame stabilization and local extinction of a spray flame using large-eddy simulations with a tabulated chemistry method. The numerical results accurately predict relevant parameters of the flame and reveal the phenomenon of localized extinction at the leading edge of the flame.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Santiago Molina, Ricardo Novella, Josep Gomez-Soriano, Miguel Olcina-Girona
Summary: The achievement of a carbon-free emissions economy is a main goal to reduce climate change, with transportation being the main contributor of emissions. This necessitates evaluating alternative fuels, with hydrogen being a possible solution, but drawbacks exist. Consideration of dual-fuel strategies, involving mixing different fuels, is also important.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amparo Pazo, Magin Lapuerta, Anselmo Acosta, Juan J. Hernandez, Esperanza Monedero
Summary: This study aimed to prevent power plant malfunction caused by feedstock properties by analyzing feedstock and ash samples from a suspension-fired boiler power plant. The research focused on identifying trends in ash composition changes and studying the relationship between ash and feedstock composition to address troublesome deposit formation.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Juan J. Hernandez, Alexis Cova-Bonillo, Han Wu, Javier Barba, Jose Rodriguez-Fernandez
Summary: While electrification is a viable solution for light duty vehicles, heavy duty applications still require fuel-based propulsion systems. Research on alternative biofuels and new combustion modes is necessary. Dual-fuel combustion, particularly using hydrogen-derived fuels, shows promise. This study focuses on the effect of partially substituting diesel fuel with hydrogen and hydrogen-carriers on the autoignition process under low temperature conditions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nan Wang, Xu Dong, Yong Liu, Saifei Zhang, Han Wu, Juan J. Hernandez
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), specifically the effects of CO2 in EGR gases, on the laminar flame characteristics of gasoline fuel. The addition of CO2 was found to suppress the laminar burning velocities (LBV) of the fuel, and the LBV decreased with increasing CO2 dilution ratio. The initial temperature and pressure had different effects on the LBV, with the former promoting and the latter inhibiting. The Markstein length also varied with CO2 dilution ratio, indicating changes in flame instability. Furthermore, the dilution effect was the dominant factor affecting the flame, followed by the chemical effect, while the thermal effect was the least significant but still noteworthy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexis Cova-Bonillo, Rayda Patino-Camino, Juan Jose Hernandez, Magin Lapuerta
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of water concentration in ethanol on the autoignition characteristics of ethanol-diesel blends. The results indicate that water content has little effect on autoignition times in general, but acts as a reactivity inhibitor at low hydrated ethanol contents and as an autoignition enhancer at higher concentrations. The chemical effect associated with water as a third-body becomes more important at higher concentrations.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rocio Collado, Esperanza Monedero, Victor Manuel Casero-Alonso, Licesio J. Rodriguez-Aragon, Juan Jose Hernandez
Summary: The combustion of almond shells and exhausted olive cake in a domestic boiler was studied to evaluate their suitability as fuels, with almond shells being found more suitable due to their lower emissions and exhausted olive cake leading to poor efficiency and high pollutant emissions at partial load.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Victor M. Dominguez, Juan J. Hernandez, Angel Ramos, Miriam Reyes, Jose Rodriguez-Fernandez
Summary: This study investigates the performance and environmental impact of using hydrogen and methanol as fuels in a heavy-duty compression-ignition engine under dual-fuel combustion. The results show that methanol outperforms hydrogen in various conditions, but hydrogen can substitute a higher percentage of diesel fuel at low loads.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jesus Benajes, Jose M. Garcia-Oliver, Jose M. Pastor, Daiana De Leon-Ceriani
Summary: Poly-Oxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers (OMEx) are synthetic and potentially-renewable fuels that can significantly reduce lifecycle CO2 emissions and soot emissions. Computational studies show that both OMEx and OME1 fuels have similar ignition timings to the reference fuel n-dodecane, and ignition in spray calculations occurs on the lean side. The modeling approach predicts most combustion metrics and temperatures for both fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Juan J. Hernandez, A. Cova-Bonillo, A. Ramos, H. Wu, J. Rodriguez-Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the autoignition characteristics of different alternative diesel-type fuels under dual-fuel operation with H2, NH3, and CH4. The results showed that the type of low reactivity fuel and the nature of the liquid fuel significantly affected the ignition delay time, with ammonia considerably retarding autoignition and biodiesel being less sensitive to the presence of the H2-carrier fuel. Additionally, it was found that the higher the reactivity of the diesel-type fuel, the less influence the gaseous fuel had on the autoignition time.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Santiago Molina, Ricardo Novella, Josep Gomez-Soriano, Miguel Olcina-Girona
Summary: The increase in global temperature and extreme weather events caused by human activity are critical consequences. Transportation is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. The European Union aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and hydrogen is seen as a promising carbon-free energy source. Experimental activities were conducted on a spark-ignition engine fueled with hydrogen to understand the impact of combustion processes on engine performance and pollutant emissions under different conditions. The results provide insights into the potential of hydrogen as a future fuel for transportation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yaqing Bo, Han Wu, Juan J. Hernandez, Zhicheng Shi, Weiren Cao, Xiangrong Li
Summary: This study systematically analyzes the effects of the distance between the cold wall and spray nozzle on the spray and ignition characteristics of diesel engines. The results showed that the cold wall has little influence on ignition when the wall distance is larger, but delays chemical reactions and causes misfires when the wall distance is smaller. Varying wall distance also changes the timing of local fuel cooling, resulting in different effects.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.