Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony L. Sylvester, David X. Zhang, Sophia Ran, Natalya S. Zinkevich
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in health and disease, with both beneficial and harmful effects. Different sources of ROS have different roles in various pathologies. NOX1 is associated with hypertension through ROS production, making it a promising therapeutic target. NOX2 and NOX4 produce hydrogen peroxide, influencing cellular processes. Increased ROS production from NOX5 contributes to atherosclerosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Xie, Yuxiang Jiang, Zhiwen Zhu, Shanjin Huang, Wei Li, Guangshuo Ou
Summary: The evolutionarily conserved coronin family protein POD-1 debranches Arp2/3-nucleated actin filaments in migrating neuroblasts and asymmetrically dividing embryos, contributing to cell polarity and migration. Fluorescence live imaging analysis revealed POD-1 colocalization with Arp2/3 at the leading edge of neuroblasts, indicating their synergistic role in organizing actin networks and cell polarity. Conditional mutations of POD-1 disrupted actin assembly, cell polarity, and migration, highlighting the importance of F-actin debranching in regulating these cellular processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Massari, Callum R. Nicoll, Sara Marchese, Andrea Mattevi, Maria Laura Mascotti
Summary: This article investigates the phylogenetic analysis of the NADPH oxidase family in eukaryotes and finds that all known members share a common ancestor. Calcium-dependency is identified as the earliest form of NOX regulation, while the protein-protein mode of regulation is a more recent event generated by gene duplication.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wiebke Kallenborn-Gerhardt, Katrin Schroeder, Achim Schmidtko
Summary: This article investigates the impact of oxidative stress on chronic pain, finding that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a specific role in signaling during chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The Nox family members Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 have been found to contribute to distinct signaling pathways in the nociceptive system. Thus, targeting Nox1, Nox2, and/or Nox4 could be a novel strategy for treating chronic pain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Marques, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Elena Ainzua, Maria Martinez-Azcona, Adriana Cortes, Carmen Roncal, Josune Orbe, Enrique Santamaria, Guillermo Zalba
Summary: NADPH oxidases (NOX) are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in blood vessels. NOX5, the latest member of the NOX family, plays a role in endothelial dysfunction and the onset of cardiovascular diseases. Overexpression of NOX5 inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis, alters metabolism, and increases cell migration in endothelial cells.
Article
Biology
Rui Liu, Kangcheng Song, Jing-Xiang Wu, Xiao-Peng Geng, Liming Zheng, Xiaoyin Gao, Hailin Peng, Lei Chen
Summary: Phagocyte oxidase is crucial for the host defense against pathogens. This study reveals the structure of the NOX2-p22 complex, indicating the importance of cytosolic factors in activating the complex.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Fang, Rui Sheng, Zheng-Hong Qin
Summary: This review highlights the role of Nox-derived ROS in regulating various signals in the central nervous system, with different Nox homologues leading to different signaling cascades. The varied roles of NOX enzyme homologues in different signaling pathways and conditions underscore the need for selective Nox inhibitors in treating CNS diseases.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergejs Zavadskis, Adelheid Weidinger, Dominik Hanetseder, Asmita Banerjee, Cornelia Schneider, Susanne Wolbank, Darja Marolt Presen, Andrey Kozlov
Summary: The study found that the inhibitor DPI has different effects on ROS metabolism and mitochondrial function in various types of cells, such as stem cells and differentiated cells, depending on the cell's energy metabolism. Undifferentiated cells may be a better target for DPI compared to differentiated parenchymal cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino, Rosario Ammendola, Fabio Cattaneo, Gabriella Esposito
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that can induce cytotoxicity or regulate cellular physiology. Among the ROS, the superoxide anion radical (O2 center dot-) plays a key role in redox signaling, generated by the NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme family and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. In this review, the authors discuss the emerging roles of NOX enzymes in modulating cancer cell metabolism and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets for rewiring tumor metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hongxiang Jiang, Fei Li, Linzhi Cai, Qianxue Chen
Summary: NOX4 plays a role in angiogenesis in glioblastoma through ROS production, and TSPO is an upstream target of NOX4-derived mitochondrial ROS. The TSPO-NOX4 signaling pathway could serve as a potential molecular target for therapeutic strategies in glioblastoma.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Colleen M. Hansel, Julia M. Diaz
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production plays essential roles in signaling, growth, biological interactions, and physiochemical defense systems in various organisms. Additionally, biological ROS production significantly influences natural fluxes of ROS in the ocean, affecting the fate of carbon, metals, oxygen, and climate-relevant gases.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 13, 2021
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wen Li, Shanshan Wang, Boquan Shan, Xiang Cheng, Hui He, Jianbing Qin, Yi Tang, Heyan Zhao, Meiling Tian, Xinhua Zhang, Guohua Jin
Summary: The study demonstrates that circHECTD1 promotes proliferation and migration of GBM cells by interacting with miR-320-5p and binding with SLC2A1 to enhance tumor growth.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jared P. Taylor, Hubert M. Tse
Summary: NADPH oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that produce superoxide or hydrogen peroxide by utilizing NADPH, playing important roles in various biological functions. Among the NOX family, NOX2 regulates innate and adaptive immunity, while DUOX1 and DUOX2 are crucial in innate immune defenses at epithelial barriers. Targeting NOX enzymes or scavenging free radicals may be beneficial in treating autoimmune diseases and acute lung injury.
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Sobrido-Camean, Matthew C. W. Oswald, David M. D. Bailey, Amrita Mukherjee, Matthias Landgraf
Summary: Neurons respond to changes in activity levels through structural changes at pre- and postsynaptic terminals, which are regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In a Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction model, NADPH oxidases Nox and Duox are essential for the growth of presynaptic motor terminals, while Nox is excluded from postsynaptic dendrites. Aquaporins Bib and Drip serve as ROS conduits in the presynaptic motoneuron, and different sources of ROS may regulate different aspects of activity-regulated structural changes in neurons.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hassan Dakik, Maya El Dor, Joan Leclerc, Farah Kouzi, Ali Nehme, Margaux Deynoux, Christelle Debeissat, Georges Khamis, Elfi Ducrocq, Aida Ibrik, Marie-Jose Stasia, Houssam Raad, Hamid Reza Rezvani, Fabrice Gouilleux, Kazem Zibara, Olivier Herault, Frederic Mazurier
Summary: The study found that NOX2 is widely expressed in AML blasts, especially in certain types of cells, but less expressed in stem cells and relapsed AML. Endogenous NOX activity could not be detected without stimulation. Although CYBB knockdown affected NOX2 activity, it did not impact the proliferation and differentiation of THP-1 and HL-60 cells.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siew Chin Chan, Chih-Wei Tung, Chia-Wei Lin, Yun-Shiuan Tung, Po-Min Wu, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shang-Hsun Yang
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyuan Liu, Meiling Tan, Jiangxue Cai, Chenxuan Li, Miaoxin Yang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Bin He
Summary: This study reveals that the antibiotic doxycycline effectively inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting mitochondrial translation and mtDNA synthesis, offering potential for the treatment of NLRP3-related diseases.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Nana Li, Ge Kuang, Xia Gong, Ting Wang, Jun Hu, Hui Du, Minxuan Zhong, Jiashi Guo, Yao Xie, Yang Xiang, Shengwang Wu, Yiling Yuan, Xinru Yin, Jingyuan Wan, Ke Li
Summary: Protectin D1 (PTD1) improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, possibly through upregulation of IRAK-M expression, suggesting a potential new treatment for NASH.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)