Statistical penalty analysis

Penalty analysis is a very popular method in the food industry. We show how to enrich the analysis by visualizing, in the usual graphic, the uncertainty in penalties by the way of lines representing confidence intervals. It is the occasion to discuss the data on which the penalties are calculated: we show the interest to use simultaneously the data for all the products. Moreover, such analysis implies to consider the links between the JAR variables (just about right): multiple correspondence analysis offers a visualisation of these links. The whole constitutes a complete methodology for the improvement of products. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.