Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 141, Issue 4, Pages 4073-4080Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.114
Keywords
Caffeic acid; Ferulic acid; Coumaric acid; Polymerized polyphenol; Lignin; Interferon-gamma
Funding
- Programme for Promotion of Basic and Applied Researches for Innovations in Bio-oriented Industry (BRAIN) [H20-08-02]
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Lignin-like polymerized polyphenols strongly activate lymphocytes and induce cytokine synthesis. We aimed to characterise the mechanisms of action of polymerized polyphenols on immunomodulating functions. We compared the reactivity of leukocytes from various organs to that of polymerized polyphenols. Splenocytes and resident peritoneal cavity cells (PCCs) responded to polymerized polyphenols and released several cytokines, whereas thymocytes and bone-marrow cells showed no response. Next, we eliminated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) from splenocytes to study their involvement in cytokine synthesis. We found that APC-negative splenocytes showed significantly reduced cytokine production induced by polymerized polyphenols. Additionally, adequate interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induction by polymerized polyphenols was mediated by the coexistence of APCs and T cells because the addition of T cells to PCCs increased IFN-gamma production. Furthermore, inhibition of the T cell-APC interaction using neutralising antibodies significantly decreased cytokine production. Thus, cytokine induction by polymerized polyphenols was mediated by the interaction between APCs and T cells. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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