Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Tamagno, Michela Guglielmotto, Valeria Vasciaveo, Massimo Tabaton
Summary: The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease involves the accumulation of beta amyloid and vulnerability of the brain to oxidative stress, which are linked to each other. It is difficult to determine which comes first, Aβ or oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress occurs early in the development of Alzheimer's disease and plays a crucial role in the manifestation of clinical and pathological symptoms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ratnakar Jadhav, Yogesh A. Kulkarni
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognitive dysfunction, particularly in older individuals. The prevalence of the disease has increased due to the global aging population. Current treatments for Alzheimer's disease have limited efficacy and adverse effects. Recent research suggests that natural products, such as baicalein, could be potential treatment options for Alzheimer's disease. Baicalein, a flavonoid from the flavone subclass, has shown neuroprotective properties through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, AChE enzyme inhibitory, and anti-amyloid protein aggregation activities.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrila E. Collins, Tarek M. Saleh, Bettina E. Kalisch
Summary: The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is estimated to double by 2040. Current treatments do not address the underlying causes of the disease, but research suggests that antioxidants may help mitigate oxidative stress. Recent studies have focused on natural antioxidants as potential preventatives and treatments for neurodegenerative conditions associated with oxidative stress.
Article
Immunology
Liu Yang, Huimin Zhou, Lei Huang, Yong Su, Liangliang Kong, Pengmin Ji, Ran Sun, Chao Wang, Weiping Li, Weizu Li
Summary: Chronic glucocorticoid exposure can accelerate neuronal damage and beta-amyloid production by activating oxidative stress and NLRP1 inflammasome, leading to the deterioration of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibition of NLRP1 inflammasome may be an important strategy in improving chronic glucocorticoid-induced neuronal injury.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruifeng Zhang, Miao Zeng, Xiaolu Zhang, Yujia Zheng, Nuan Lv, Luming Wang, Jiali Gan, Yawen Li, Xijuan Jiang, Lin Yang
Summary: Saponins, specifically ginsenoside Rg1 and pseudoginsenoside-F11, show the most promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid beta peptide deposition, inhibiting tau phosphorylation, modulating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and antiapoptosis. This review provides a comprehensive summary and classification of common saponins studied for their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease, showcasing their underlying mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gong Peng, Ming Li, Zhaoli Meng
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating disease with no disease-modified treatment discovered yet. Recent studies have shown that polysaccharides potentially have benefits in alleviating the pathological damage and improving cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin Chen, Santosh Pandit, Lei Shi, Vaishnavi Ravikumar, Julie Bonne Kohler, Ema Svetlicic, Zhejian Cao, Abhroop Garg, Dina Petranovic, Ivan Mijakovic
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the aggregation of misfolded amyloid-beta peptides in the brain. Graphene oxide nanoflakes have been found to effectively inhibit A beta aggregation in vitro. In this study using yeast as a model, it is shown that graphene oxide can penetrate yeast cells and reduce A beta 42 toxicity. The findings provide insights for designing graphene oxide-based therapies for attenuating cytotoxicity of A beta 42 and other misfolded proteins involved in neurodegenerative pathology.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia De Caro, Giulia De Soricellis, Simone Dell'Acqua, Enrico Monzani, Stefania Nicolis
Summary: Both beta-amyloid peptides and oxidative stress are important factors in Alzheimer's disease. Hemin, which has redox properties, contributes to the disease's development and its level increases in pathological conditions and traumatic brain injuries. This study aimed to investigate the reactivity of the hemin-beta-amyloid(16) complex and found that it can catalyze oxidation and nitration reactions. The results showed that the complex binds negatively charged substrates with higher affinity and the tyrosine residue is the target of nitration. The study also found that hemin degradation is partly prevented by the coordinated peptide.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Safoura Raoufi, Zahra Salavati, Alireza Komaki, Siamak Shahidi, Mohammad Zarei
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of royal jelly (RJ) on learning and memory in a rat model of Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that RJ improved cognitive impairment by attenuating oxidative stress induced by Aβ.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yaqi Bian, Yan Chen, Xiufen Wang, Guozhen Cui, Carolina Oi Lam Ung, Jia-Hong Lu, Weihong Cong, Benqin Tang, Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
Summary: This study explored the potential therapeutic actions of oxyphylla A, a novel compound extracted from Alpinia oxyphylla, in reducing the expression levels of APP and Aβ proteins, as well as in attenuating cognitive decline in SAMP8 mice. Oxyphylla A was found to exert an antioxidative effect through the Akt-GSK36 and Nrf2-Keap1-HO-1 pathways, suggesting a new horizon for the discovery of therapeutic agents for AD.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ratnakar Jadhav, Yogesh A. A. Kulkarni
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common form of dementia, and there are few approved medications for its treatment. Baicalein, a flavonoid, has shown neuroprotective effects, while memantine is an important drug for Alzheimer's treatment. This study investigated the combination of baicalein and memantine in treating aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. The combination treatment showed significant improvement in behavior, reduced oxidative stress and amyloid plaque formation, and increased BDNF expression. These findings suggest that baicalein and memantine may slow neurodegeneration progression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wataru Araki, Fuyuki Kametani
Summary: Soluble oligomeric assemblies of amyloid beta-protein (A beta), called A beta oligomers (A beta Os), play a critical role in the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have shown that small molecules with antioxidative properties can reduce the neurotoxicity of A beta Os and have potential as drug candidates for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Article
Neurosciences
Yan He, Junjie Li, Liling Yi, Xiaohuan Li, Man Luo, Yayan Pang, Maoju Wang, Zhaolun Li, Mingliang Xu, Zhifang Dong, Yehong Du
Summary: The diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI)-derived peptide octadecaneuropeptide (ODN) has been found to have potent neuroprotective effects against amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity and memory decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its antioxidant properties contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. These findings suggest that ODN may be a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hideaki Ohashi, Mayumi Tsuji, Tatsunori Oguchi, Yutaro Momma, Tetsuhito Nohara, Naohito Ito, Ken Yamamoto, Miki Nagata, Atsushi Michael Kimura, Yuji Kiuchi, Kenjiro Ono
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the combined treatment of curcumin (Cur) and ferulic acid (FA) for amyloid-beta (A beta)-induced neuronal cytotoxicity. The results confirmed that Cur or Cur + FA combination treatment inhibited A beta aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. The combination treatment with Cur and FA showed a higher protective effect against A beta-induced cytotoxicity, including increased cell viability, decreased ROS and mitochondrial ROS levels, and repair of membrane damage. These findings suggest that the combined action mechanisms of Cur and FA may be effective in preventing and suppressing the progression of AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priyanka Rawat, Ujala Sehar, Jasbir Bisht, Ashley Selman, John Culberson, P. Hemachandra Reddy
Summary: This article summarizes the role of tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies, highlighting current research on post-translational modifications and genetics of tau, tau pathology, the role of tau in tauopathies, and the development of new drugs targeting p-tau for therapeutics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
