Journal
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 250-261Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.865278
Keywords
graphene; pesticides multi-residue analysis; reversed-dispersive solid-phase extraction; leek; onion; garlic
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A multi-residue analytical method was validated for 24 representative pesticides residues in onion, garlic and leek. The method is based on modified QuEChERS sample preparation with a mixture of graphene, primary secondary amine (PSA), and graphitised carbon black (GCB) as reversed-dispersive solid-phase extraction (r-DSPE) material and LC-MS/MS. Graphene was first used as an r-DSPE clean-up sorbent in onion, garlic and leek. The results first show that the mixed sorbent of graphene, PSA and GCB has a remarkable ability to clean-up interfering substances in the r-DSPE procedure when compared with the mixture of PSA and GCB. Use of matrix-matched standards provided acceptable results for tested pesticides with overall average recoveries between 70.1% and 109.7% and consistent RSDs<15.6%. In any case, this method still meets the 1-10gkg(-1) detection limit needed for pesticide testing and may be used for qualitative screening applications in which any identified pesticides can be quantified and confirmed by a more intensive method that achieves >70% recovery.
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