Article
Immunology
Giuditta Guerrini, Antonio Vivi, Sabrina Gioria, Jessica Ponti, Davide Magri, Arnd Hoeveler, Donata Medaglini, Luigi Calzolai
Summary: Physicochemical properties of adjuvant-protein antigen complexes impact vaccine efficacy and safety, and a multi-staged characterization strategy has been developed for accurate assessment of nanoaluminum-ovalbumin complex, which can be adapted for various adjuvant-protein antigen combinations to control quality and improve immunological outcomes of vaccines.
Review
Oncology
Ryan Chang, James L. Gulley, Lawrence Fong
Summary: Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular therapies, have revolutionized cancer treatment, but the development of successful cancer vaccines remains challenging. Only two vaccines have shown improved survival in advanced disease: sipuleucel-T and talimogene laherparepvec, which target specific antigens and utilize tumors in situ to prime responses. In this review, we examine the challenges and opportunities in developing therapeutic cancer vaccines.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yolanda Torres-Corral, Albert Girons, Oscar Gonzalez-Barreiro, Rafael Seoane, Ana Riaza, Ysabel Santos
Summary: The autogenous bivalent vaccine provides long-lasting protection against atypical furunculosis and vibriosis in turbot with a single dose, but comes with high side effects, while the commercial vaccine induces minor negative effects. Vaccinated fish showed higher antibody agglutination titers compared to control fish, indicating a successful immune response.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Abu Salim Mustafa
Summary: Efforts towards developing new vaccines against TB mainly focus on using Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens as subunit vaccines, requiring appropriate adjuvants and delivery systems to induce immune responses. Additionally, studies have examined the pathogenesis of BCG in children and explored the potential use of BCG as a vaccine against asthma, alongside different adjuvants and delivery systems in inducing protective immune responses after immunization with subunit vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Ying Yin, Yanfei Gu, Xiaodong Zai, Ruihua Li, Xinjie Zhu, Rui Yu, Jun Zhang, Shuyi Wang, Yue Zhang, Jian Lin, Junjie Xu, Wei Chen
Summary: This study reported human metallothionein-3 (MT3) as a promising adjuvant candidate that can enhance rapid, effective, and durable antigen-specific immune responses. MT3 served as a built-in adjuvant and increased antibody responses by 100-1000 folds. Fusion of MT3 to antigens stimulated earlier and stronger antibody responses compared to other adjuvants. The study also found that other members of the mammalian MT family had potential adjuvant effects, but less potent than human MT3.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ana-Maria Pantazica, Mihaela-Olivia Dobrica, Catalin Lazar, Cristina Scurtu, Catalin Tucureanu, Iuliana Caras, Irina Ionescu, Adriana Costache, Adrian Onu, Jihong Liu Clarke, Crina Stavaru, Norica Branza-Nichita
Summary: Despite the availability of improved antiviral therapies, a curable treatment for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains elusive. This study focuses on the development of a better HBV vaccine by combining the preS1 domain of the large envelope protein with the small envelope protein. The chimeric antigen was found to have enhanced immunogenicity and ability to activate humoral and cellular immune responses, resulting in the production of neutralizing antibodies against both wild-type and vaccine-escape HBV variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ping Ji, Xin-Chen Deng, Xiao-Kang Jin, Shi-Man Zhang, Jia-Wei Wang, Jun Feng, Wei-Hai Chen, Xian-Zheng Zhang
Summary: A tumor-specific nanovaccine, named FCM@4RM, is designed to deliver tumor antigens and adjuvants to antigen-presenting cells and modulate the immune microenvironment for strong antitumor immunity. This nanovaccine shows high targeting capabilities towards tumors developed from 4T1 cells, providing a paradigm for developing nanovaccines that systematically regulate multiple immune-related processes for optimal antitumor immunotherapy.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ting Huang, Li Liu, Zheng Lv, Kelei Zhao, Qiong Yi, Jing Zhang
Summary: Lung cancer is a major cause of patient deaths globally, and despite advancements in tumor immunotherapy, the 5-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low. The development of effective vaccines for lung cancer is crucial, and DNA vaccines are considered a promising strategy to activate the immune system against lung cancer due to their ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Beata Biri-Kovacs, Zoltan Banoczi, Anitha Tummalapally, Ildiko Szabo
Summary: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, with melanoma being a leading cause of skin cancer deaths. Recent advancements in understanding melanoma tumorigenesis and its interaction with the immune system have led to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Peptide-based vaccines, which target tumor antigens and activate immune responses, have shown promise in treating advanced melanoma. However, the immunogenicity of peptide antigens can be enhanced through synthetic modifications, adjuvants, and delivery systems. This review summarizes the various chemical approaches for developing effective peptide-based vaccines for immunotherapy in advanced melanoma.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neftali Ortega Alarcon, Maddy Jaramillo, Heidi M. Mansour, Bo Sun
Summary: This review summarizes the current progress of therapeutic subunit vaccines for cancer immunotherapy, including the classification of tumor antigens and the bioinformatic approaches for identifying tumor neoantigens. The targeting adjuvants based on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and their delivery platforms are extensively discussed, emphasizing the importance of the interplay between multiple adjuvants and their combined delivery in cancer immunotherapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenny Schunke, Volker Mailaender, Katharina Landfester, Michael Fichter
Summary: Finding a long-term cure for tumor patients remains challenging. Immunotherapies show promise by activating the immune system against tumors and modulating the tumor microenvironment. However, current methods often fail to sufficiently activate the immune system and have limitations such as drug degradation and non-specific uptake. Encapsulating immunomodulatory molecules into nanocarriers offers a solution by protecting cargo and targeting uptake by antigen-presenting cells. This approach allows for versatile immune system stimulation and improved anti-tumor responses with reduced toxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lei Gao, Jing Li, Tianhang Song
Summary: Cancer immunotherapy is a promising strategy that has revolutionized cancer therapy, with a particular emphasis on cancer vaccines and tumor microenvironment modulation.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Dharmendra Kashyap, Mrutyunjaya Panda, Budhadev Baral, Nidhi Varshney, R. Sajitha, Vasundhra Bhandari, Hamendra Singh Parmar, Amit Prasad, Hem Chandra Jha
Summary: This article provides a detailed overview of the potential usage of outer membrane vesicles (OMV) as adjuvants in vaccine development. OMV-based vaccines offer numerous advantages and ongoing trials are underway for developing OMV adjuvant-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. It emphasizes the importance of engineering OMVs to enhance safety.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qi Tan, Zimo Yang, Shichen Bu, Jiangbin Chen, Wenjuan Chen, Wei Geng, Qi Huang, Limin Duan, Mengfei Guo, Yali Wu, Jingjing Deng, E. Zhou, Minglei Li, Feng Wu, Yang Jin
Summary: In this study, TMPs-PEI-LPS nanoparticles were synthesized as a delivery system for tumor antigens. The experiments demonstrated that TMPs-PEI-LPS efficiently induced the uptake and maturity of dendritic cells and exhibited anti-tumor effects in a mouse model of lung cancer. These findings suggest that TMPs-PEI-LPS is a promising platform for enhancing immunogenicity of tumor antigens.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liuzhou Mao, Panqin Ma, Xi Luo, Hongwei Cheng, Zhanxiang Wang, Enyi Ye, Xian Jun Loh, Yun-Long Wu, Zibiao Li
Summary: The development of nanovaccines that use polymeric delivery carriers has gained significant attention for therapeutic treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers have shown promise for targeted delivery of antigens and adjuvants, improving immune responses and immunotherapy. This review presents the recent advancements in stimulus-responsive polymer-based nanovaccines for immunotherapeutic applications and discusses strategies for future designs of multifunctional polymeric nanovaccines.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruben Varela-Fernandez, Victoria Diaz-Tome, Andrea Luaces-Rodriguez, Andrea Conde-Penedo, Xurxo Garcia-Otero, Asteria Luzardo-Alvarez, Anxo Fernandez-Ferreiro, Francisco J. Otero-Espinar
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rosa Ana Sueiro-Benavides, Jose Manuel Leiro-Vidal, Aaron Angel Salas-Sanchez, J. Antonio Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Francisco J. Ares-Pena, M. Elena Lopez-Martin
Summary: The study investigated the combined effect of electromagnetic fields and black carbon particles on cell damage and inflammatory response. Results showed that this combination altered macrophage immune response, activated apoptosis, and accelerated cell toxicity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Manuel Noia, Francisco Fontenla-Iglesias, Alejandra Valle, Veronica Blanco-Abad, Jose Manuel Leiro, Jesus Lamas
Summary: The study characterized the structure of the turbot myeloperoxidase gene and protein, as well as its expression in different tissues. The research showed that the four identified genes responded differently to the same stimuli.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haifa Othman, Alberto Lopez-Furelos, Jose Manuel Leiro-Vidal, Mohamed Ammari, Mohsen Sakly, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Aaron angel Salas-Sanchez, Francisco Ares-Pena, Elena Lopez-Martin
Summary: The study found that repeated exposure to 2.45 GHz radiation led to dysregulation of GCR and HSP-70 in certain brain regions, while values for these biomarkers were significantly higher in other areas. However, GFAP levels in brain tissue showed no significant differences after irradiation compared to nonirradiated animals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
I. Folgueira, J. Lamas, R. A. Sueiro, J. M. Leiro
Summary: Proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) are an ancient family of enzymes that hydrolyze pyrophosphate (PPi) and transport H+ across membranes. This study characterized two isoenzymes (PdVP1 and PdVP2) in a scuticociliate parasite of farmed turbot, showing their involvement in acidification of cell compartments and regulation by infection and antiparasitic drugs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruiz-Pinon Manuel, Gancedo-Gancedo Tania, Seoane-Prado Rafael, Perez-Estevez Antonio, Blanco-Mendez Jose, Luzardo-Alvarez Asteria, Castelo-Baz Pablo, Lorenzo-Pouso Alejandro, Alvarez-Novoa Pablo, Martin-Biedma Benjamin
Summary: This study evaluated the in vitro performance of collagen-based sponges as a drug delivery system for intracanal antimicrobial administration. The collagen sponges containing amoxicillin and chlorhexidine showed sustained antimicrobial effect in vitro and were able to destroy mature biofilms ex vivo, as validated by SEM-based study of E. faecalis and S. aureus biofilms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Rosa Ana Sueiro, Jose Manuel Leiro, Veronica Blanco-Abad, Jos Raaijmakers, Irene de Bruijn, Ron P. H. Dirks, Jesus Lamas
Summary: This study evaluated the toxicity of several natural compounds to Philasterides dicentrarchi, a scuticociliate that causes high mortalities in farmed fish. Tomatine, plumbagin, and 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone showed the highest anticiliate activity, with a dose-dependent response. Additionally, 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone exhibited lower toxicity to fish cells compared to other compounds. Furthermore, the surfactant Pseudomonas H6 (PS) showed toxicity to the ciliate but lower toxicity to fish cells. The findings suggest that 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone and PS can be used to reduce parasite levels in seawater and decrease the risk of scuticociliatosis infection in cultured fish.
Article
Fisheries
Rosa A. Sueiro, Jesus Lamas, Oswaldo Palenzuela, Paola Gulias, Cristina Diez-Vives, Alba Garcia-Ulloa, Jose M. Leiro
Summary: Scuticociliatosis is a serious disease without effective control measures for flatfish during culture. This study developed a quantitative real-time PCR assay with high sensitivity and precision for monitoring the main pathogenic agents of scuticociliatosis in fish farm water, which could contribute to the establishment of effective prevention and control programs.
Article
Parasitology
V. Sarabeev, J. A. Balbuena, A. Jarosiewicz, N. Voronova, R. A. Sueiro, J. M. Leiro, M. Ovcharenko
Summary: The dispersal of alien species is a global problem that poses a threat to native biodiversity. The introduction of non-native parasites and pathogens exacerbates this threat, but this indirect impact has received less attention. In this study, we examined the symbiotic communities of gammarids in different habitats along the Baltic coast of Poland to understand the factors influencing the richness of microorganisms in native and invasive host species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rosa Ana Sueiro Benavides, Jose Manuel Leiro-Vidal, J. Antonio Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Francisco J. Ares-Pena, Elena Lopez-Martin
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of 2.45 GHz radio frequency radiation and black carbon particles on cell damage and pro-apoptotic response in the HL-60 promyelocytic cell line. The results showed that radiation and black carbon particles separately and jointly triggered cell necrosis and mitochondria-Caspase dependent apoptosis. These findings may have important implications for antimicrobial, inflammatory, and autoimmune responses in humans.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Ivan Lamela-Gomez, Lidia M. Goncalves, Antonio J. Almeida, Asteria Luzardo-alvarez
Summary: Microencapsulation of infliximab (INF), a monoclonal antibody, using ultrasonic atomization (UA) and conventional emulsion/evaporation method (Em/Ev) was investigated for improved stability and intra-articular administration. UA achieved higher encapsulation efficiency (69.7-80.25%) compared to Em/Ev (17.3-23.0%). Particle size ranged from 26.6 to 49.9 μm for UA and 1.5-2.1 μm for Em/Ev. Both methods demonstrated sustained INF release and preserved biological activity. Microencapsulated INF exhibited higher efficacy in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) neutralization and anti-inflammatory activity.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Mallo, Jesus Lamas, Rosa Ana Sueiro, Jose Manuel Leiro