Review
Plant Sciences
Keisuke Yoshida, Toru Hisabori
Summary: Thiol/disulfide-based redox regulation is a common post-translational protein modification in plant chloroplasts, tightly associated with the light-induced activation of photosynthetic enzymes. The thioredoxin-mediated pathway has long been recognized as the fundamental machinery of chloroplast redox regulation, but recent studies have revealed the presence of multiple Trx isoforms and Trx-like proteins, as well as potential redox regulation targets among chloroplast enzymes. The discovery of novel redox-regulated processes and functional diversity in the Trx family proteins has shed new light on the molecular basis and physiological importance of this redox regulation system in chloroplasts.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuka Fukushi, Yuichi Yokochi, Ken-ichi Wakabayashi, Keisuke Yoshida, Toru Hisabori
Summary: Thioredoxin (Trx) plays a crucial role in regulating enzyme activities in chloroplasts through reducing disulfide bonds. Some stromal proteins have slow response to changes in redox condition caused by light/dark changes, while ATP synthase gamma subunit on the thylakoid membrane shows high sensitivity. The difference in redox kinetics may be determined by the localization of each protein in the chloroplast.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Hess, Simon Richter, Michael Liebthal, Karl-Josef Dietz, Angelika Mustroph
Summary: The chloroplast primary metabolism is tightly regulated to respond to various environmental conditions, including daily changes between day and night. Thioredoxin-mediated redox regulation is a crucial component in regulating plastid-localized metabolic enzymes, ensuring proper assimilation and dissimilation processes in plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiba Abu Hariri, Ilana Braunstein, Talal Salti, Fabian Glaser, Tal Gefen, Naama Geva-Zatorsky, Tamar Ziv, Moran Benhar
Summary: This study characterized the dynamic cysteine proteome of human macrophages and identified the role of thiol redox control in regulating inflammatory responses. The findings provide insights into the adaptability of macrophages to changing inflammatory and redox environments.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuichi Yokochi, Keisuke Yoshida, Florian Hahn, Atsuko Miyagi, Ken-ichi Wakabayashi, Maki Kawai-Yamada, Andreas P. M. Weber, Toru Hisabori
Summary: The redox regulation of enzyme activity through cysteine residues in chloroplasts is crucial for maintaining NADPH homeostasis under different light conditions. A mutation that eliminates a redox switch in chloroplast NADP-malate dehydrogenase results in severe growth retardation in plants under short-day or fluctuating light conditions, highlighting the importance of fine-tuning the activity of key enzymes for efficient photosynthesis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Chen, Yixian Xiao, Yu Ming, Rong Peng, Jiliang Hu, Hong-Bin Wang, Hong-Lei Jin
Summary: This study investigates the effects of fluctuating light conditions on the redox regulation of photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. The research shows that photosystem I (PSI) proteins are key targets of redox regulation and that exposure to fluctuating light results in decreased PSI abundance, stability, and activity. Additionally, the study uncovers the role of the PSI assembly factor PSA3 and thioredoxin m (Trx m) proteins in the redox switching of PSI and the overall functioning of photosynthesis. These findings provide insights into how plants acclimate to changing light conditions.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Keisuke Yoshida, Toru Hisabori
Summary: Various proteins in plant chloroplasts are regulated by thiol-based redox processes for light-responsive control. A specific form of phosphofructokinase (PFK), PFK5, is a novel redox-regulated protein that is suppressed upon reduction, while also being activated through oxidization by specific Trx proteins. This redox regulation of PFK5, together with other proteins like FBPase, plays a crucial role in switching light/dark metabolism in chloroplasts.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kazuha Fukui, Keisuke Yoshida, Yuichi Yokochi, Takatoshi Sekiguchi, Ken-ichi Wakabayashi, Toru Hisabori, Shoko Mihara
Summary: This study investigates the Trx-mediated regulation of phosphoribulokinase (PRK) in cyanobacteria and Arabidopsis. The results show that the redox status of the C-terminal Cys pair is crucial for activity regulation and complex dissociation/formation in both organisms.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabrina De Brasi-Velasco, Antonio Sanchez-Guerrero, Mari -Cruz Castillo, Didier Vertommen, Jose Leon, Francisca Sevilla, Ana Jimenez
Summary: Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in plant growth and development, and its signaling is regulated by the nuclear receptor PYR1 and the protein TRXo1 through redox regulation. PYR1 inhibits the activity of phosphatase PP2Cs, while TRXo1 reduces oxidized PYR1 and restores its inhibitory function. This study reveals a previously unknown redox regulation of TRXo1 on PYR1, which may be important for ABA signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristell Le Gal, Edward E. Schmidt, Volkan Sayin
Summary: Cellular redox homeostasis is crucial for balancing the reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells, regulating various biological responses and events. Despite the challenges in studying these biochemical reactions, recent advancements in technology have rapidly expanded the redox field, enhancing our understanding of its significance in biology. This short review aims to provide an overview of redox regulation in cellular signaling, development, and disease, as well as introduce some recent discoveries in these areas.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fuwang Wu, Guoxiang Jiang, Huiling Yan, Lu Xiao, Hanzhi Liang, Dandan Zhang, Yueming Jiang, Xuewu Duan
Summary: Thioredoxins play a crucial role in regulating redox processes during fruit senescence and quality deterioration, specifically through interaction with glutathione peroxidase to modulate its activity and influence the redox state of the fruit.
Article
Oncology
Raghavendra S. Patwardhan, Deepak Sharma, Santosh K. Sandur
Summary: This article reviews the potential utility of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitors in radiotherapy, highlighting that inhibiting TrxR can enhance the effectiveness of radiation therapy but may also have negative effects on normal cells.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Osiris German Idelfonso-Garcia, Brisa Rodope Alarcon-Sanchez, Veronica Rocio Vasquez-Garzon, Rafael Baltierrez-Hoyos, Saul Villa-Trevino, Pablo Muriel, Hector Serrano, Julio Isael Perez-Carreon, Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
Summary: Nucleoredoxin (NXN), an oxidoreductase enzyme, regulates multiple signaling pathways and plays a role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. It is involved in various cellular processes and may be associated with different diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petra Kameritsch, Miriam Singer, Christoph Nuernbergk, Natalia Rios, Anibal M. Reyes, Kjestine Schmidt, Julian Kirsch, Holger Schneider, Susanna Mueller, Kristin Pogoda, Ruicen Cui, Thomas Kirchner, Cor de Wit, Baerbel Lange-Sperandio, Ulrich Pohl, Marcus Conrad, Rafael Radi, Heike Beck
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of endothelial TrxR2 in regulating the steady-state concentration of peroxynitrite and maintaining vascular integrity. Deletion of the TrxR2 gene leads to increased vascular stiffness, hypertrophy, and renal abnormalities. Loss of TrxR2 results in elevated peroxynitrite levels in both vascular endothelial cells and vessels, indicating a potential disruption of vascular homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sicong Wang, Giovanna Di Trapani, Kathryn F. Tonissen
Summary: This review discusses the upregulation of Nrf-2 regulated antioxidant systems in lymphomas and their association with multiple signaling pathways involved in lymphoma development and progression. Targeting antioxidant systems, especially TrxR, may represent a new therapeutic approach for lymphoma.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuichiro Maeda, Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kosuke Shiraishi, Masahide Oku, Kosuke Kawaguchi, Daichi Uchida, Hiroya Yurimoto, Yasuyoshi Sakai
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuichiro Maeda, Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masato Abe, Yui Hasegawa, Masahide Oku, Yoshiki Sawada, Eriko Tanaka, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Hideto Miyoshi
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Masahide Oku, Yuichiro Maeda, Yoko Kagohashi, Takeshi Kondo, Mai Yamada, Toyoshi Fujimoto, Yasuyoshi Sakai
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shin Ohsawa, Susumu Nishida, Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Hiroya Yurimoto
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hirotaka Fukuoka, Takato Kawase, Masahide Oku, Hiroya Yurimoto, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Takashi Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Nakagawa
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Pang, Hayashi Yamamoto, Hirokazu Sakamoto, Masahide Oku, Joe Kimanthi Mutungi, Mayurbhai Himatbhai Sahani, Yoshitaka Kurikawa, Kiyoshi Kita, Nobuo N. Noda, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Honglin Jia, Noboru Mizushima
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuichi Abe, Masanori Honsho, Ryoko Kawaguchi, Takashi Matsuzaki, Yayoi Ichiki, Masashi Fujitani, Kazushirou Fujiwara, Masaaki Hirokane, Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Toshihide Yamashita, Yukio Fujiki
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Shin Ohsawa, Koichi Inoue, Takahiro Isoda, Masahide Oku, Hiroya Yurimoto, Yasuyoshi Sakai
Summary: This study elucidates how the methanol sensor protein KpWsc1 regulates peroxisome synthesis and degradation in cells at different methanol concentrations, while also suppressing pexophagy by controlling phosphorylation of the key factor KpAtg30.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasuyoshi Sakai, Masahide Oku
Summary: The discovery of microautophagy dates back to 1966, and since then research has focused on understanding its physiological significance and molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have found that ATG proteins and ESCRT proteins play important roles in microautophagy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masato Abe, Yoshiki Sawada, Shinpei Uno, Shuhei Chigasaki, Masahide Oku, Yasuyoshi Sakai, Hideto Miyoshi
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kosuke Shiraishi, Masahide Oku, Daichi Uchida, Hiroya Yurimoto, Yasuyoshi Sakai
FEMS YEAST RESEARCH
(2015)