Article
Virology
Fabiola Sanchez-Aguillon, Patricia Alarcon-Valdes, Martin Rojano-Rodriguez, Aurora Ibarra-Arce, Angelica Olivo-Diaz, Jonnathan Guadalupe Santillan-Benitez, Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Pablo Maravilla, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
Summary: This study reported the presence of adenovirus 36 (Ad36) and its viral load in fat tissue of obese and normal-weight individuals. Phylogenetic analysis revealed low genetic variability and high gene flow of the Ad36 E1a gene. The results suggest that Ad36 may not be a low-risk factor for obesity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kyung Hee Hong, Min Young Um, Jiyun Ahn, Tae Youl Ha
Summary: This study investigated the effects of 6-gingerol on adiposity and obesity-induced inflammation in white adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that 6-gingerol supplementation significantly reduced body weight, WAT mass, triglyceride, leptin, and insulin levels in HFD-fed mice. It also reduced adipogenesis-related transcription factors and lipogenesis-related genes in WAT. In addition, 6-gingerol increased adiponectin expression and decreased inflammatory adipokines and macrophage marker expression in WAT. In conclusion, 6-gingerol effectively alleviated adiposity and inflammation by regulating adipokines in diet-induced obese mice.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jason M. Singer, Trevor M. Shew, Daniel Ferguson, M. Katie Renkemeyer, Terri A. Pietka, Angela M. Hall, Brian N. Finck, Andrew J. Lutkewitte
Summary: The study found that knockout of Mogat1 gene inhibited the accumulation of glycerolipids during preadipocyte differentiation and reduced the differentiation capacity of preadipocytes. However, loss of Mogat1 in adipocytes did not affect weight gain or fat mass induced by a high-fat diet in mice. Furthermore, loss of Mogat1 in adipocytes did not affect plasma lipid or glucose concentrations or insulin tolerance.
Article
Cell Biology
Gwan-Jun Lee, Youn Ju Kim, Bongju Park, Sujin Yim, Chansang Park, Hyunsoo Roh, Yunwon Moon, Je Kyung Seong, Hyunsung Park
Summary: This study found that adipocytes are primarily responsible for the increase in Wnt5a levels in obesity. Adipocytes in subcutaneous white adipose tissues are more sensitive to high-fat diet and have a positive correlation between cell size and Wnt5a levels. YAP and TAZ activity responds to mechanical changes in hypertrophic adipocytes to promote Wnt5a expression.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicole Aaron, Michael J. Kraakman, Qiuzhong Zhou, Qiongming Liu, Samantha Costa, Jing Yang, Longhua Liu, Lexiang Yu, Liheng Wang, Ying He, Lihong Fan, Hiroyuki Hirakawa, Lei Ding, James Lo, Weidong Wang, Baohong Zhao, Edward Guo, Lei Sun, Cliff J. Rosen, Li Qiang
Summary: Adipsin is the most upregulated adipokine during MAT expansion in mice and humans in a PPAR gamma acetylation-dependent manner. Genetic ablation of Adipsin in mice specifically inhibited MAT expansion but not peripheral adipose depots, and improved bone mass during calorie restriction, thiazolidinedione treatment, and aging. The effects were mediated through its downstream effector, complement component C3, to prime common progenitor cells toward adipogenesis rather than osteoblastogenesis through inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas Massier, Jutta Jalkanen, Merve Elmastas, Jiawei Zhong, Tongtong Wang, Pamela A. Nono A. Nankam, Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Jesper Backdahl, Narmadha Subramanian, Takuya Sekine, Alastair G. G. Kerr, Ben T. P. Tseng, Jurga Laurencikiene, Marcus Buggert, Magda Lourda, Karolina Kublickiene, Nayanika Bhalla, Alma Andersson, Armand Valsesia, Arne Astrup, Ellen E. E. Blaak, Patrik L. L. Stahl, Nathalie Viguerie, Dominique Langin, Christian Wolfrum, Matthias Blueher, Mikael Ryden, Niklas Mejhert
Summary: Single-cell studies are conducted on human white adipose tissue (WAT) to understand the different cell types in the tissue. By analyzing multiple datasets, the authors create a comprehensive cellular map of white adipose tissue that includes over 60 subpopulations of adipocytes, fibroblast and adipogenic progenitors, vascular, and immune cells. They also discover associations between specific cell subtypes and metabolic states such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, adipocyte volume, and lipolysis. Overall, this meta-map provides valuable information about the cellular and microarchitectural landscape of human WAT.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Josefin Henninger, Bjorn Eliasson, Ulf Smith, Aidin Rawshani
Summary: The study utilized a multi-modal machine learning approach to investigate markers of adipose tissue morphology, insulin and glucose metabolism in non-obese male individuals. Different serum metabolites were found to be associated with various physiological markers, enhancing our understanding of type 2 diabetes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roshan Kumari, Maria Johnson Irudayam, Qusai Al Abdallah, Tamekia L. Jones, Tahliyah S. Mims, Michelle A. Puchowicz, Joseph F. Pierre, Chester W. Brown
Summary: Adipose tissue is crucial for energy storage and other functions; SMAD2 and SMAD3 proteins play important roles in adipocyte function; SMAD3 is identified as an important contributor to the maintenance of subcutaneous white adipose tissue.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Longhua Liu, Zunhan Shi, Xiaohui Ji, Wenqian Zhang, Jinwen Luan, Tarik Zahr, Li Qiang
Summary: Obesity is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, and adipokines secreted by adipose tissue play important roles in the development and treatment of atherosclerosis.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiahao Shao, Meigui Wang, Anjing Zhang, Zheliang Liu, Genglong Jiang, Tao Tang, Jie Wang, Xianbo Jia, Songjia Lai
Summary: This study found that a circular RNA called mmu_circ_0001874 is abnormally highly expressed in the white adipose tissue and liver of mice with obesity. Interfering with mmu_circ_0001874 reduced lipid accumulation in the obese mice's WAT and liver tissues. Mechanistically, miR-24-3p interacts with mmu_circ_0001874 to affect lipid metabolism, and it also targets Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis to participate in adipogenesis and lipid accumulation. Additionally, mmu_circ_0001874 binds to Igf2bp2, leading to up-regulation of Ucp1 translation and increased thermogenesis, which helps decrease lipid accumulation. Overall, this study highlights the physiological role of circRNA in lipid metabolism reprogramming and proposes potential mechanisms involving mmu_circ_0001874/miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and mmu_circ_0001874/Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis in controlling lipid accumulation in obesity.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Han-Ning Wang, Jin-Zhu Xiang, Zhi Qi, Min Du
Summary: Obesity is a global issue, with Western high energy diet being a major contributing factor. Plant extracts containing polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids have been shown to have anti-obesity effects through various signaling pathways and gut microbiota. These extracts have the potential to be preventive or therapeutic agents for obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Siresha Bathina, Reina Armamento-Villareal
Summary: Fractures associated with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are a public health concern in an obese and aging population. Patients with T2DM have normal or better bone mineral density but are at a higher risk for fractures. The main issue in T2DM is a reduction in bone formation due to dysfunction in osteoblast differentiation and survival. Obesity and T2DM are also associated with increased adipogenesis, potentially at the expense of reduced osteogenesis and myogenesis. Understanding the complex mechanisms involved in bone pathophysiology in obesity and T2DM is important for developing pharmacological targets to improve bone health.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia-Wen Shou, Pang-Chui Shaw
Summary: Obesity is considered a dampness-heat syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine, and Coptidis Rhizoma, an herb, is used to treat obesity and its complications by clearing heat and eliminating dampness. The active compound in Coptidis Rhizoma, berberine, has shown anti-obesity effects. This study aimed to determine the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the anti-obesity effect of berberine. Results showed that berberine regulated the levels of PPARγ and PPARδ, but not PPARα. Gene silencing and specific antagonist treatment suggested that PPARδ is key to the effect of berberine. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, berberine reduced lipid accumulation and weight gain, and corrected disturbed biochemical parameters in obese mice. The mechanism of action involved the activation of PPARδ and the subsequent regulation of downstream genes. This study provides the first report of the anti-obesity mechanism of berberine through a PPARδ-dependent reduction in lipid accumulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Haixia Wang
Summary: Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide and is associated with excessive accumulation of adiposity, metabolic disorders, and cancer susceptibility. Recent studies have shown that not only genetic variants but also epigenetic predisposition contribute to the intrinsic risk of obesity. EZH2 plays an important role in adipogenesis and obesity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Latorre, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Francisco Ortega, Ferran Comas, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: This study investigated the role of CDO1 gene expression in adipose tissue and found that higher CDO1 expression was associated with improved metabolic profiles, decreased fasting triglycerides and blood HbA1c levels, as well as gene expression markers of adipocyte function and inflammation in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
