Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Won-Mook Choi, Tom Ryu, Jun-Hee Lee, Young-Ri Shim, Myung-Ho Kim, Hee-Hoon Kim, Ye Eun Kim, Keungmo Yang, Kyurae Kim, Sung Eun Choi, Won Kim, Seok-Hwan Kim, Hyuk Soo Eun, Won-Il Jeong
Summary: mGluR5 activation in NK cells attenuates liver fibrosis by enhancing cytotoxicity, and insufficient mGluR5 expression in NK cells may lead to evasion of fibroblasts against NK cell cytotoxicity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahisa Kawaguchi, Kazuhiro Hasegawa, Itaru Yasuda, Hirokazu Muraoka, Hiroyuki Umino, Hirobumi Tokuyama, Akinori Hashiguchi, Shu Wakino, Hiroshi Itoh
Summary: The study found that diabetes significantly affects PECs, including hypertrophy, increased vacuoles, and cell apoptosis. These changes in PECs were observed in diabetic mice and patients, suggesting a role for PECs in diabetic nephropathy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Guan-Yu Wang, Dong Shang, Gui-Xin Zhang, Hui-Yi Song, Nan Jiang, Huan-Huan Liu, Hai-Long Chen
Summary: QYD can protect against intestinal mucosal damage caused by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by inhibiting IEC apoptosis and the CaN/NFATc3 pathway.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meredith J. Giblin, Taylor E. Smith, Garrett Winkler, Hannah A. Pendergrass, Minjae J. Kim, Megan E. Capozzi, Rong Yang, Gary W. McCollum, John S. Penn
Summary: Research indicates that the NFAT inhibitor INCA-6 can reduce the expression of IL-1 beta-induced inflammation in retinal cells and endothelial cells, thereby alleviating retinal inflammation secondary to diabetes.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsuan-Yeh Pan, Ashley Ladd, Manas R. Biswal, Mallika Valapala
Summary: NFAT proteins in RPE cells are activated by calcineurin, regulating cytokine expression and autophagy pathway. Inhibition of NFAT leads to decreased cytokine activation and impaired autophagy flux in response to nutrient deprivation. These findings suggest that NFAT pathway is crucial in regulating autophagy and inflammation in RPE.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Feng, Hantao Wang, Zhi Chen, Bin Chen
Summary: Research suggests that high glucose levels in T2D-IDD patients lead to overactivation of glucose transporters and subsequent gene dysregulation, resulting in apoptosis and IDD development. Inhibiting GLUTs can reverse IDD defects caused by high glucose levels.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lai Wei, Siwen Li, Yu Ma, Shuzi Ye, Yu Yuan, Yuan Zeng, Tausif Raza, Fang Xiao
Summary: This study investigated the effect of DPhP on GC-2spd(ts) cell apoptosis and found that DPhP inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptosis by decreasing Nrf2/p53 signaling. Additionally, the study discovered that Curcumin attenuated DPhP-induced apoptosis by activating autophagy via Nrf2/p53 signaling.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ziyi Wang, Zhe Guo, Xuesong Wang, Haiyan Liao, Feng Chen, Yuxin Liu, Zhong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of Reduning in the treatment of SALI and found that it likely attenuated SALI by targeting AKT1. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that Reduning reduced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, lowered TNF-α levels, and improved survival rate in septic mice. Additionally, Reduning enhanced the binding capability of mTOR and Bax.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gioia Boncompagni, Alessia Varone, Vanessa Tatangelo, Nagaja Capitani, Federica Frezzato, Andrea Visentin, Livio Trentin, Daniela Corda, Cosima T. Baldari, Laura Patrussi
Summary: An imbalance in the expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family is a key feature of CLL. GroPIns, a biomolecule generated from membrane phosphoinositides, has been found to bind to SHP-1 and correct the Bax expression defect in CLL cells, promoting their apoptotic demise. Culturing CLL cells with GroPIns alone increases Bax expression and apoptosis, and enhances the pro-apoptotic activity of drugs used for CLL treatment in a SHP-1 dependent manner.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ning Zhao, Conner Bardine, Andre Luiz Lourenco, Yung-hua Wang, Yangjie Huang, Simon J. Cleary, David M. Wilson, David Y. Oh, Lawrence Fong, Mark R. Looney, Michael J. Evans, Charles S. Craik
Summary: The study presents a strategy to investigate the biology of human granzymes in vivo using Cu-64-GRIP B as a radiotracer, which can specifically detect GZMB proteolysis. The results demonstrate that this imaging modality is capable of assessing granzyme biochemistry in living subjects, showing potential for future applications in humans.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Oliver H. Voss, Daniel Arango, Justin C. Tossey, Miguel A. Villalona Calero, Andrea Doseff
Summary: Apigenin sensitizes primary lung cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through reprogramming alternative splicing of key TRAIL/DISC components and directly binding heat shock protein 70 to promote cell death. These findings emphasize the synergies between diet and cancer treatments, providing new avenues for improved cancer therapies.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Cristina M. Padilla, Eleanor Valenzi, Tracy Tabib, Banafsheh Nazari, John Sembrat, Mauricio Rojas, Patrizia Fuschiotti, Robert Lafyatis
Summary: This study analyzed lymphoid subpopulations in SSc-ILD lung tissue using single-cell RNA sequencing and found activated NK cells, CD8(+) tissue resident memory T cells, and Treg cells in SSc-ILD lungs. The transition of CD8(+) T cells to tissue resident memory phenotype was observed in SSc-ILD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Etimad Huwait, Seham M. Awaji, Taha A. Kumosani, Elie K. Barbour, Khalid O. Abulnaja, Said S. Moselhy
Summary: The study found that the ethanol extract of Ruthana date has cytotoxic effects on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which is achieved through DNA fragmentation and activation of the proapoptotic BAX gene.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Shen, Ji Fang, Hengjiang Guo, Xue Su, Bingbing Zhu, Xingmei Yao, Yunman Wang, Aili Cao, Hao Wang, Li Wang
Summary: Defective antioxidant system and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated signaling, which is the central defensive mechanism against oxidative stress, has shown potential as a therapeutic strategy. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active ingredient from Huangqi decoction (HQD), was found to promote Nrf2 escape from Keap1-Nrf2 interaction. AS-IV improved mitochondrial function, resistance to oxidative stress-induced diabetic kidney injury and podocyte apoptosis, and the process is closely associated with activation of Nrf2-ARE/TFAM signaling.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Kensuke Kitsugi, Hidenao Noritake, Moe Matsumoto, Tomohiko Hanaoka, Masahiro Umemura, Maho Yamashita, Shingo Takatori, Jun Ito, Kazuyoshi Ohta, Takeshi Chida, Barbara Ulmasov, Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri, Takafumi Suda, Kazuhito Kawata
Summary: This study found that CWHM12 suppresses the proliferation of activated HSCs and promotes apoptosis by blocking the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, CWHM12 induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. The inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation leads to the translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP). These findings provide a novel drug target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2022)