Article
Agronomy
Diego Rubiales, Ana Moral, Nicolas Rispail
Summary: This study clarifies the identity of the powdery mildew infecting sulla crop through morphological and ITS sequence analysis, suggesting that they belong to a distinct species.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sri Sunarti, Christos Kissoudis, Yannick Van Der Hoek, Hanneke Van Der Schoot, Richard G. F. Visser, C. Gerard Van Der Linden, Clemens Van De Wiel, Yuling Bai
Summary: Under field conditions, plants often face multiple stresses and need to adapt accordingly. This study investigated the interaction between drought stress and powdery mildew (PM) infection in tomatoes. The results showed that drought stress reduced fungal infection in susceptible genotypes and had varying effects on resistant genotypes. At the molecular level, genes involved in ABA, SA, and ethylene pathways were highly induced under combined stress.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lei Cui, Lampros Siskos, Chen Wang, Henk J. Schouten, Richard G. F. Visser, Yuling Bai
Summary: This review summarizes the efforts made in the past 50 plus years to identify resistant sources against powdery mildew and downy mildew in melon germplasm. A total of 239 melon accessions resistant to powdery mildew and 452 accessions resistant to downy mildew have been identified. Among these resistant sources, C. melo var. cantalupensis accessions PMR 45, PMR 5, PMR 6, and WMR 29, as well as C. melo var. momordica accessions PI 124111, PI 124112, and PI 414723, are considered as the most valuable germplasm. Genetic mapping has identified several dominant genes, recessive genes, and QTLs conferring resistance to both powdery mildew and downy mildew.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Bo Wang, Ting Meng, Bei Xiao, Tianying Yu, Tingyan Yue, Yuli Jin, Pengtao Ma
Summary: Powdery mildew of wheat is a highly destructive disease that poses a serious threat to crop yield and quality worldwide. Genetic research on powdery mildew (Pm) resistance has made significant progress, with the identification and cloning of many Pm genes from wheat and its wild and domesticated relatives. Moreover, modern breeding strategies, such as high-throughput sequencing and genome editing, are being developed to enhance intelligence and customization in breeding for powdery mildew resistance in wheat.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Han Wang, Wenfeng Gong, Yang Wang, Qing Ma
Summary: Tomato powdery mildew, caused by Oidium neolycopersici, is a destructive fungal disease that damages almost all of the aerial parts of tomato. In this study, the ShWRKY81 transcription factor was found to play a positive role in tomato resistance against O. neolycopersici. ShWRKY81 was localized in the nucleus and responded differently to abiotic and biotic stimuli, with its mRNA accumulation increasing upon On-Lz infection. Silencing of ShWRKY81 led to host susceptibility to On-Lz and reduced levels of the defense hormone salicylic acid (SA).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jingtao Nie, Qi Yuan, Wanlu Zhang, Junsong Pan
Summary: Researchers summarized the research advances in powdery mildew resistance in cucumbers, including exploration and identification of resistance genes, genetic analysis, quantitative trait locus mapping, map-based cloning, transcriptomics, mlo-mediated resistance, and mining of noncoding RNAs involved in resistance. However, the resistance mechanism of powdery mildew in cucumbers is still unclear, and many ambiguities need to be elucidated urgently.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Antonin Dreiseitl
Summary: The aim of this study is to identify genes for powdery mildew resistance in spring barley varieties bred for human consumption. Fifteen resistance genes, including the nonspecific resistance gene Mlo, were found. The use of Mlo gene is recommended for barley varieties earmarked for human consumption.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shengnan Li, Dexing Lin, Yunwei Zhang, Min Deng, Yongxing Chen, Bin Lv, Boshu Li, Yuan Lei, Yanpeng Wang, Long Zhao, Yueting Liang, Jinxing Liu, Kunling Chen, Zhiyong Liu, Jun Xiao, Jin-Long Qiu, Caixia Gao
Summary: Disruption of susceptibility genes in crops can confer disease resistance, but often leads to undesired effects. This study identifies a mutant wheat variety with a targeted deletion in a specific gene that retains crop growth and yields while conferring robust resistance to powdery mildew.
Article
Plant Sciences
Laila Fayyaz, Alan Tenscher, Andy Viet Nguyen, Huma Qazi, M. Andrew Walker
Summary: This study conducted an extensive screening of Vitis species from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico for resistance to powdery mildew, identifying new sources of resistance. It was found that Western species were more susceptible to powdery mildew compared to Midwestern and Eastern species.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ronald R. Tapia, Christopher R. Barbey, Saket Chandra, Kevin M. Folta, Vance M. Whitaker, Seonghee Lee
Summary: This study characterized the MLO gene families in strawberry and identified sequences in diploid and octoploid species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed potential associations between specific FveMLO and FaMLO genes with susceptibility to powdery mildew. Genomic sequence and structural variation analysis showed the potential role of candidate FaMLO genes in strawberry resistance against PM pathogens.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Xiong Tang, Fangxiu Dai, Yongli Hao, Yiming Chen, Jianpeng Zhang, Guoqing Wang, Xingyue Li, Xiaojin Peng, Tao Xu, Chunxia Yuan, Li Sun, Jin Xiao, Haiyan Wang, Wenqi Shi, Lijun Yang, Zongkuan Wang, Xiue Wang
Summary: The high resistance level of Ae. tauschii accession CIae8 to Pm was identified and characterized. Inheritance analysis and gene mapping revealed that the resistance was controlled by two independent recessive genes. Molecular markers closely linked with the resistance loci were developed, laying the foundation for cloning the resistance genes and transferring them into common wheat.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinggui Lian, Xinyi He, Bingbing Zhang, Yang Wang, Qing Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the role of WRKYs in tomato resistance to Oidium neolycopersici. The research finds that the expression of ShWRKY41 increases after pathogen inoculation or ethylene treatment. GUS staining of ShWRKY41 promoter indicates its induction by SA and ethylene. Furthermore, gene silencing of ShWRKY41 reduces the resistance to O. neolycopersici infection. The study suggests that ShWRKY41 plays a positive role in defense activation and host resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xianxin Wu, Qiang Bian, Yue Gao, Xinyu Ni, Yanqiu Sun, Yuanhu Xuan, Yuanyin Cao, Tianya Li
Summary: Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a serious disease that can cause significant yield losses worldwide. Evaluating seedling resistance of 69 main wheat cultivars to powdery mildew and determining the presence of resistance genes Pm3, Pm8, Pm13, Pm16, and Pm21 can provide valuable information for future wheat disease breeding programs to develop new cultivars with durable resistance. The study showed that Yunnan wheat cultivars have inadequate overall level of powdery mildew resistance and identified some cultivars likely carrying specific resistance genes which can be used for developing resistant cultivars against this disease.
Article
Agronomy
Jaroslava Fedorina, Nadezhda Tikhonova, Yulia Ukhatova, Roman Ivanov, Elena Khlestkina
Summary: Grapevine, a widely cultivated fruit crop, is susceptible to various pathogens, leading to decreased yield and quality, requiring heavy fungicide use. Recent technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9 targeted mutagenesis, offer potential solutions, but challenges remain in developing pathogen-resistant cultivars.
Article
Agronomy
Mahdi Badri Anarjan, Ikhyun Bae, Sanghyeob Lee
Summary: This study confirmed CsLRR-RPK2 and CsaMLO8 as candidate genes for powdery mildew resistance in cucumbers, and developed related markers. The CsLRR-RPK2-CAPS marker showed better performance in PM resistance, effectively eliminating susceptible inbred lines, while some inbred lines harbored both CsaMLO8 and CsLRR-RPK2 alleles.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefano Pavan, Chiara Delvento, Nelson Nazzicari, Barbara Ferrari, Nunzio D'Agostino, Francesca Taranto, Concetta Lotti, Luigi Ricciardi, Paolo Annicchiarico
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity of pea using two genotyping-by-sequencing datasets. The analysis reveals the relationship between genetic variation and geographic patterns in pea populations, and describes the expansion of pea cultivation from its domestication center to other regions of the world. Whole-genome scans identify potential selective sweeps associated with pea domestication and breeding.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Aina E. Prinzenberg, Hanneke Schoot, Richard G. F. Visser, Leo F. M. Marcelis, Ep Heuvelink, Henk J. Schouten
Summary: This study found that the severity of intumescence in tomato plants is highly dependent on genotype, with a high heritability. QTLs for intumescence were identified at chromosomal positions, and these QTLs are consistent among different populations. Environmental factors such as light spectrum have no significant influence on intumescence score, but there is a low negative correlation with multiple aspects of plant performance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marzia Vergine, Stefano Pavan, Carmine Negro, Francesca Nicoli, Davide Greco, Erika Sabella, Alessio Aprile, Luigi Ricciardi, Luigi De Bellis, Andrea Luvisi
Summary: The outbreak of olive quick decline syndrome caused by Xylella fastidiosa poses a significant threat to agriculture in Italy. A study found that certain genotypes of olive trees, genetically related to specific cultivars, have different metabolic profiles compared to susceptible ones. Additionally, a genotype related to Tunisian cultivars displayed high bacterial concentration but no symptoms, suggesting a potential link between tolerance and specific phenolic profiles.
JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Efstathios Roumeliotis, Bjorn Kloosterman, Marian Oortwijn, Wouter Kohlen, Harro J. Bouwmeester, Christian W. B. Bachem, Richard G. F. Visser
Summary: This study investigates the effects of altered auxin content on potato development by cloning and overexpressing the StYUCCA8 gene. The transgenic plants exhibited increased shoot and stolon branching, reduced leaf size, lower average tuber fresh weight, and enhanced adventitious and lateral root formation. Despite the high expression of the StYUCCA8 gene, the concentration of auxin was not altered in the shoot apex but significantly lower in the basal part of the stem.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nick C. C. Snelders, Jordi C. C. Boshoven, Yin Song, Natalie Schmitz, Gabriel L. L. Fiorin, Hanna Rovenich, Grardy C. M. van den Berg, David E. E. Torres, Gabriella C. C. Petti, Zoe Prockl, Luigi Faino, Michael F. F. Seidl, Bart P. H. J. Thomma
Summary: Plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to support host colonization, while plant immune systems recognize effectors to activate immune responses. Plants actively shape their microbiota as a determinant of health. Researchers have found that the soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae exploits an effector protein called VdAve1 to manipulate the host microbiota and promote disease. This discovery opens up new strategies for targeted biocontrol of plant pathogens.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Faisal Saeed, Usman Khalid Chaudhry, Ali Raza, Sidra Charagh, Allah Bakhsh, Abhishek Bohra, Sumbul Ali, Annapurna Chitikineni, Yasir Saeed, Richard G. F. Visser, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Rajeev K. Varshney
Summary: Climate change directly impacts the yield of vegetables through rising temperatures. Breeding for climate-resilient crops requires significant time and effort, but advancements in omics technologies have improved the efficiency of identifying pathways for high-temperature stress resilience in vegetable crops. Genomics-assisted breeding, gene editing, and speed breeding offer new approaches to develop temperature-resilient vegetables more efficiently. This review discusses the effects of heat stress on vegetables and highlights the use of omics and genome editing in producing temperature-resilient vegetables.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Peter G. Vos, M. Joao Paulo, Peter M. Bourke, Chris A. Maliepaard, Fred A. van Eeuwijk, Richard G. F. Visser, Herman J. van Eck
Summary: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a valuable tool for understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits, but careful interpretation is required. This study identified multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) accumulation in potato tubers, but also highlighted challenges and pitfalls in GWAS analyses, with population structure being the most important factor. The study also revealed that introgression breeding has introduced new haplotypes associated with higher SGA levels in certain pedigrees.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Alireza Ramandi, Seyedeh Marzieh Nourashrafeddin, Seyyed Hassan Marashi, Alireza Seifi
Summary: This study found that there is narrow genetic variation but significant phenotypic variation in saffron crocus, a sterile plant species. The researchers discovered that the plant microbiome, specifically certain bacteria, plays a major role in the phenotypic variation, influencing the growth, development, and stigma yield of saffron crocus.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Simona Consoli, Cinzia Caggia, Nunziatina Russo, Cinzia Lucia Randazzo, Alberto Continella, Giulia Modica, Santa Olga Cacciola, Luigi Faino, Massimo Reverberi, Andrea Baglieri, Ivana Puglisi, Mirco Milani, Giuseppe Longo Minnolo, Salvatore Barbagallo
Summary: The study investigated the use of citrus waste as organic fertilizer and its effects on soil microbiota, physico-chemical and hydraulic characteristics. The study also identified the biotic components of the waste and its impact on nutritional status, chlorophyll content, fruit set and production of Tarocco orange trees. The results confirm that using citrus waste as a biofertilizer offers a great opportunity for sustainable sweet orange production.
Article
Agronomy
Corentin R. Clot, Xulan Wang, Joey Koopman, Alejandro Therese Navarro, Johan Bucher, Richard G. F. Visser, Richard Finkers, Herman J. van Eck
Summary: The reinvention of potato as a diploid hybrid crop requires understanding of mutational load, recombination landscape, and genetic basis of fertility. In this study, the OutcrossSeq pipeline was implemented in R for analyzing a large diploid potato population. This pipeline allowed for marker inference, linkage map construction, and QTL mapping, leading to new insights for diploid potato breeding.
Article
Agronomy
Eleni Koseoglou, Matthijs Brouwer, Derek Mudadirwa, Jan M. van der Wolf, Richard G. F. Visser, Yuling Bai
Summary: Research indicates that tolerance to Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) in tomatoes is controlled by multiple loci, with a major locus located on chromosome 7. However, further investigation reveals that in addition to chromosome 7, there are also other loci on chromosomes 2 and 4 associated with tolerance to Cm.
Article
Agronomy
Alireza Ramandi, Alireza Seifi
Summary: Biological control of pests and pathogens, especially soil-borne pathogens causing wilting diseases, is a top priority in plant protection. In this study, rhizobacteria were isolated from soil samples and tested for their antifungal activities against three fungal pathogens. Bacillus pumilus was found to exhibit strong antifungal activity and also promoted the growth of sesame seedlings. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by B. pumilus were identified as the main antifungal compounds. Another bacterium, Metabacillus galliciensis, showed moderate antifungal activity, which has not been reported before. These findings suggest the potential use of B. pumilus as a biological agent for controlling wilting diseases and promoting plant growth.
Article
Plant Sciences
Parisa Khoshniat, Muhammad Suhail Rafudeen, Alireza Seifi
Summary: In this study, the effects of a single ABA spray on Arabidopsis seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the ABA spray increased plant biomass, delayed flowering, and enhanced drought tolerance. However, the enhanced drought tolerance was not inheritable and early water spray decreased mature plant resilience under water-deficit conditions.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Seyedeh Marzieh Nourashrafeddin, Alireza Ramandi, Alireza Seifi
Summary: The objective of this study was to isolate bacteria from the rhizosphere of the black saxaul and test their potential for enhancing drought and/or salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. A total of 58 bacteria morphotypes were identified from rhizosphere samples, of which eight isolates were selected for further experiments. The bacteria showed varying levels of tolerance to heat, salt, and drought stresses, as well as different capabilities for auxin production and phosphorous solubilization. Three of the bacteria effectively enhanced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis, suggesting that desert rhizobacteria can be used to enhance abiotic stress in crops.
INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Corentin R. Clot, Dennis Klein, Joey Koopman, Cees Schuit, Christel J. M. Engelen, Ronald C. B. Hutten, Matthijs Brouwer, Richard G. F. Visser, Martina Juranic, Herman J. van Eck
Summary: The balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes is crucial for fertility during meiosis. A reduction in crossover (CO) number can lead to unpaired chromosomes and the production of unbalanced, sterile gametes. However, if combined with another meiotic alteration, it can result in uniform, non-recombinant gametes. In potato, a recessive trait known as CO shortage has been mapped to chromosome 8. This study has identified StMSH4 as a candidate gene for CO shortage and discovered nonfunctional alleles in potato cultivars, providing breeders with options for improving fertility or producing uniform gametes.
