Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georg Semmler, Mathias Jachs, Mattias Mandorfer
Summary: Portal hypertension is the main cause of complications in advanced chronic liver disease. Clinically significant portal hypertension identifies individuals at risk for liver decompensation. Recent consensus recommends treating clinically significant portal hypertension upon diagnosis to prevent liver decompensation, instead of waiting for high-risk varices to develop. Non-invasive tests should be used to investigate the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension and initiate timely treatment with non-selective beta blockers.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sungjin Yoon, Young Sup Shim, So Hyun Park, Jaekon Sung, Marcel Dominik Nickel, Ye Jin Kim, Hee Young Lee, Hwa Jung Kim
Summary: This study aimed to compare the image quality and focal lesion detection ability of hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images obtained using compressed sensing (CS) and controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) in patients with liver cirrhosis. The results showed that CS-HBP had better focal lesion detection ability, comparable overall image quality, and fewer respiratory motion artifacts, but higher non-respiratory artifacts and noise compared to CAIPIRINHA-HBP. Therefore, CS-HBP could be recommended for liver MRI in patients with cirrhosis to improve diagnostic performance.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Francis Man, Alexander Koers, Panagiotis Karagiannis, Debra H. Josephs, Heather J. Bax, Amy E. Gilbert, Tihomir S. Dodev, Silvia Mele, Giulia Chiarruttini, Silvia Crescioli, Jitesh Chauhan, Julia E. Blower, Margaret S. Cooper, James Spicer, Sophia N. Karagiannis, Philip J. Blower
Summary: The study found that IgE antibodies have great potential in cancer therapy, but further understanding of their pharmacokinetics is needed. Results showed that IgE antibodies had faster blood clearance and higher liver accumulation compared to IgG, with similar tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios, as well as faster excretion.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Malin Fromme, Carolin Schneider, Vitor Pereira, Karim Hamesch, Monica Pons, Matthias C. Reichert, Federica Benini, Paul Ellis, Katrine Thorhauge, Mattias Mandorfer, Barbara Burbaum, Vivien Woditsch, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, Jef Verbeek, Frederik Nevens, Joan Genesca, Marc Miravitlles, Alexa Nunez, Benedikt Schaefer, Heinz Zoller, Sabina Janciauskiene, Nelia Abreu, Luis Jasmins, Rui Gaspar, Rodrigo Liberal, Guilherme Macedo, Ravi Mahadeva, Catarina Gomes, Kai Markus Schneider, Michael Trauner, Aleksander Krag, Bibek Gooptu, Douglas Thorburn, Aileen Marshall, John R. Hurst, David A. Lomas, Frank Lammert, Nadine T. Gaisa, Virginia Clark, William Griffiths, Christian Trautwein, Alice M. Turner, Noel G. McElvaney, Pavel Strnad
Summary: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a common genetic disorder caused by mutations in the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) gene. Different AATD genotypes have varying degrees of liver and biliary abnormalities, with the Pi*ZZ genotype showing the highest occurrence of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Male sex, age >= 50 years, obesity and the presence of diabetes were associated with significant liver fibrosis.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chenxi Liu, Yan Sun, Yao Yang, Yuemin Feng, Xiaoyu Xie, Lingyu Qi, Keke Liu, Ximing Wang, Qiang Zhu, Xinya Zhao
Summary: The study showed that gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase was valuable in predicting hepatic decompensation and insufficiency for cirrhotic patients, with the relative enhancement ratio of the biliary system being a significant predictive factor.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Benjamin W. Carney, Michael C. Larson, Michael T. Corwin, Ramit Lamba
Summary: MRI followed by CT is the mainstay for imaging characterization of liver and biliary malignancies, with dynamically acquired contrast enhanced phases being the most important. The liver imaging reporting and data system classification is useful for reporting lesions in patients with cirrhosis or high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of liver specific MRI contrast agents and diffusion weighted sequences improves detection of metastases. Biopsy may be necessary for definite diagnosis of primary hepatobiliary tumors other than hepatocellular carcinoma, especially when presenting with nonclassic imaging findings. This review examines the imaging findings of common and less common hepatobiliary tumors.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Markus Cornberg, Maria Buti, Christiane S. Eberhardt, Paolo Antonio Grossi, Daniel Shouval
Summary: According to a recent estimate by the World Health Organization, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has affected nearly 100 million people globally, with patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) at higher risk of infections. Vaccination against various pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, is important for these patients, although impaired immune responses may affect the efficacy of immunization. The safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with CLD, cirrhosis, hepatobiliary cancer, and liver transplant recipients still require further study.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vanessa Jing Xin Phua, Chang-Tong Yang, Bin Xia, Sean Xuexian Yan, Jiang Liu, Swee Eng Aw, Tao He, David Chee Eng Ng
Summary: Nuclear imaging is a rapidly developing non-invasive imaging technique that uses radiolabeled nanomaterials as probes. By modifying the surface of nanomaterials, multifunctional radio-labeled nanomaterials can be obtained, enabling high sensitivity, resolution, and specificity in multimodal molecular imaging.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Avan Kader, Julia Brangsch, Jan O. Kaufmann, Jing Zhao, Dilyana B. Mangarova, Jana Moeckel, Lisa C. Adams, Ingolf Sack, Matthias Taupitz, Bernd Hamm, Marcus R. Makowski
Summary: This review summarizes recent developments in molecular imaging markers for magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer, aiming to improve the molecular characterization of the tumor and enable targeted therapies to suppress tumor growth or reduce tumor size in a non-invasive manner.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Quentin M. Anstee, Laurent Castera, Rohit Loomba
Summary: Over the past two decades, there have been significant advancements in the non-invasive diagnosis and risk stratification of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Non-invasive approaches, such as quantifying biomarkers in serum samples or measuring liver stiffness using elastography techniques, have played a crucial role in clinical practice, including early cirrhosis identification, portal hypertension diagnosis, prognosis establishment in compensated cirrhosis, antiviral treatment guidance, and fibrosis and cirrhosis screening in primary care.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jan C. DeNofrio, Manisha Verma, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Victor Navarro, Tamar H. Taddei, Michael L. Volk, Marie Bakitas, Kavitha Ramchandran
Summary: The study demonstrates that providing palliative care education to hepatologists through an online course is feasible and effective in improving their knowledge and confidence, with over 80% of hepatologists integrating palliative care skills into routine patient care a year later.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Suliman Salih, Aisyah Elliyanti, Ajnas Alkatheeri, Fatima AlYafei, Bashayer Almarri, Hasina Khan
Summary: Personalized medicine tailors medical treatment to each patient's unique characteristics, utilizing advancements in molecular and genetic profiling to understand disease susceptibilities. Molecular imaging modalities play a crucial role in personalized medicine, widely used for screening, detection, diagnosis, treatment planning, disease assessment, and long-term follow-up. Unlike conventional imaging approaches, molecular imaging techniques process images as knowledge, allowing for the collection of relevant information beyond patient group evaluation.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Deniz Can Guven, Hasan Cagri Yildirim, Elvin Chalabiyev, Fatih Kus, Feride Yilmaz, Serkan Yasar, Arif Akyildiz, Burak Yasin Aktas, Suayib Yalcin, Omer Dizdar
Summary: There have been significant advances in the treatment of hepatobiliary cancers, especially for advanced-stage disease. However, data is limited for optimal therapy selection in the first line and sequencing of available options.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ramesh Kumar, Rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi, Utpal Anand
Summary: In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the diagnosis of CKD among patients with liver cirrhosis, mainly attributed to risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A significant proportion of acute kidney injury in patients with decompensated cirrhosis turns into CKD, which can be either structural or functional. Limited literature exists on combined cirrhosis-CKD, presenting challenges for clinicians in diagnosing and treating CKD in cirrhosis patients.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hao Fu, Ri Sa, Lin Cheng, Yuchen Jin, Xian Qiu, Min Liu, Libo Chen
Summary: This review focuses on the evaluation of differentiated and dedifferentiated thyroid cancer, centering around radioiodine and fluorine 18-fludeoxyglucose respectively. Preferred tracers for medullary thyroid cancer include F-18-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and gallium 68 DOTATATE. In dedifferentiated medullary and anaplastic thyroid cancer, F-18-fludeoxyglucose is superior.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peter Lykke Eriksen, Karen Louise Thomsen, Lars Peter Larsen, Henning Gronbaek, Hendrik Vilstrup, Michael Sorensen
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2019)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kim Frisch, Kristoffer Kjaergaard, Jacob Horsager, Anna Christina Schacht, Ole Lajord Munk
NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
T. K. Venkatachalam, D. H. R. Stimson, K. Frisch, G. K. Pierens, R. Bhalla, D. C. Reutens
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2019)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kirstine P. Bak-Fredslund, Susanne Keiding, Gerda E. Villadsen, Stine Kramer, Sven Schlander, Michael Sorensen
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Casper Schmidt, Nikolina Skandali, Carsten Gleesborg, Timo L. Kvamme, Hema Schmidt, Kim Frisch, Arne Moller, Valerie Voon
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kristoffer Kjaergaard, Kim Frisch, Michael Sorensen, Ole Lajord Munk, Alan Frederick Hofmann, Jacob Horsager, Anna Christina Schacht, Mary Erickson, David Shapiro, Susanne Keiding
Summary: The study demonstrated that OCA increased the hepatic transport of conjugated bile acids in PBC patients, reducing the time hepatocytes are exposed to potentially toxic bile acids.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Susanne Keiding, Kim Frisch, Alan Frederick Hofmann
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas Damgaard Sandahl, Lars C. Gormsen, Kristoffer Kjaergaard, Mikkel Holm Vendelbo, Ditte Emilie Munk, Ole Lajord Munk, Dirk Bender, Susanne Keiding, Karina H. Vase, Kim Frisch, Hendrik Vilstrup, Peter Ott
Summary: PET imaging with Cu-64 allows visualization and quantification of hepatic copper retention characteristic for Wilson's disease patients. This method is valuable for future studies of Wilson's disease pathophysiology, development of therapies, and accurate diagnosis.
Article
Oncology
Michael Sorensen, Mette Marie Fode, Jorgen Baltzer Petersen, Marianne Ingerslev Holt, Morten Hoyer
Summary: Using [F-18]FDGal PET/CT, this study established a dose-response relationship between radiation dose and metabolic liver function with a mean TD50 of 18 Gy (95% CI 12-26 Gy). Furthermore, it was observed that most liver tissue showed substantial recovery after 3 months, except for tissue receiving more than 25 Gy.
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tingting Wang, Kirstine L. L. Nielsen, Kim Frisch, Johan K. K. Lassen, Camilla B. B. Nielsen, Charlotte U. U. Andersen, Palle Villesen, Mette F. F. Andreasen, Jorgen B. Hasselstrom, Mogens Johannsen
Summary: This study used UHPLC-HRMS data from blood samples of drivers under the influence of GHB to discover potential biomarkers of GHB consumption and investigate its impact on human metabolism. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of extracting meaningful information from archived data and pave the way for future applications in elucidating human metabolites and conducting larger-scale metabolomics studies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kim Frisch, Frank Viborg Mortensen, Ole Lajord Munk, Lars Christian Gormsen, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of [F-18]FBCGly as a tracer for quantitative PET imaging of the enterohepatic circulation (EHC) of conjugated bile acids in pigs. The tracer was rapidly taken up by the liver, excreted into bile, and underwent EHC without being metabolized. The ileal uptake of [F-18]FBCGly was inhibited by nifedipine and endogenous bile acids, indicating its specificity for EHC.
NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim Frisch, Kristine Lykke Nielsen, Simona Francese
Summary: Although DNA profiling has been developed, fingerprints still play an important role in identifying suspects. However, it is more challenging to identify overlapping fingermarks. In this study, we investigate whether Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Imaging can separate fingermarks from the same donor deposited at different times based on variability in their composition. We also explore the possibility of determining the deposition time using this method.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Sorensen, Hendrik Vilstrup
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikolaj W. Orntoft, Lars C. Gormsen, Susanne Keiding, Ole L. Munk, Peter Ott, Michael Sorensen
Summary: This study investigated the changes in hepatic bile acid transport kinetics in healthy individuals postprandially using PET/CT with tracer C-11-CSar. The results showed an increase in hepatic blood perfusion and flow-independent hepatic intrinsic clearance of C-11-CSar after a standard liquid meal. The rate constant for bile acid transport from hepatocytes into biliary canaliculi and bile flow significantly increased in the postprandial state.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kristoffer Kjaergaard, Thomas Damgaard Sandahl, Kim Frisch, Karina Hojrup Vase, Susanne Keiding, Hendrik Vilstrup, Peter Ott, Lars Christian Gormsen, Ole Lajord Munk
EJNMMI RADIOPHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY
(2020)