Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aliva De, Sanford Williams, Yujing Yao, Zhezhen Jin, Gary M. Brittenham, Meyer Kattan, Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir, Margaret T. Lee
Summary: Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a complication in SCD and its effects on lung function are not well understood. Inflammation is a key component of SCD pathophysiology but its association with lung function is unclear. This study found that children with ACS had worse lung function and higher levels of inflammatory cytokines compared to children without ACS.
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Mahmoud Omar, Abdur Rahman Jabir, Imadh Khan, Enrico M. Novelli, Julia Z. Xu
Summary: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is an emerging point-of-care method to diagnose acute chest syndrome (ACS) in patients with sickle cell disease, providing a rapid diagnosis in the ED setting and avoiding ionizing radiation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LUS for ACS diagnosis using chest radiography as the reference standard. The results showed that LUS has excellent sensitivity and good specificity for ACS diagnosis, but further research is needed to generalize the findings to the adult sickle cell disease population.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer M. Knight-Madden, Ian R. Hambleton
Summary: This review aimed to assess whether the use of inhaled, short-acting bronchodilators reduces morbidity and mortality in people with sickle cell disease and acute chest syndrome, and whether this treatment causes adverse effects. However, no trials or studies on the use of bronchodilators for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease were found. More research is needed to evaluate the benefits and risks of using inhaled bronchodilators for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Diana C. Sanchez-Ramirez
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the impact of a publicly funded pulmonary rehabilitation program on patients with various lung diseases. The results showed that the program significantly improved patients' exercise capacity, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life. The effects varied across different lung diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Etienne-Marie Jutant, Guillaume Voiriot, Vincent Labbe, Laurent Savale, Hayat Mokrani, Patrick Van Dreden, Grigorios Gerotziafas, Muriel Fartoukh
Summary: Severe acute chest syndrome is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability, especially with a marked pro-coagulant profile in cases of associated acute pulmonary hypertension.
Article
Pediatrics
Abdullah A. Yousef, Hwazen A. Shash, Ali N. Almajid, Ammar A. Binammar, Hamza Ali Almusabeh, Hassan M. Alshaqaq, Mohammad H. Al-Qahtani, Waleed H. Albuali
Summary: Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a common cause of death in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. This study aims to identify the clinical and laboratory predictors of recurrent ACS in pediatric patients with SCD. The study found that younger age at first ACS, higher SCD-related hospitalizations, elevated baseline white blood count, mean corpuscular volume, and reticulocyte levels, as well as lower baseline hematocrit values, were significantly associated with recurrent ACS. Additionally, hydroxyurea therapy was found to reduce ACS episodes.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Joseph L. Simonson, Juliana A. Rosentsveyg, Noah G. Schwartz, Abhinav Agrawal, Seth Koenig, Gulrukh Z. Zaidi
Summary: This study investigated the target hemoglobin level for transfusion and optimal modality in treating acute chest syndrome. The results showed that transfusing to a hemoglobin level of >= 8 g/dL was associated with shorter hospital length of stay, and there was no difference in length of stay between patients who received exchange transfusion and those who did not.
JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mehmet Rami Helvaci, Engin Altintas, Atilla Yalcin, Orhan Ekrem Muftuoglu, Abdulrazak Abyad, Lesley Pocock
Summary: This study found some differences between males and females in patients with sickle cell disease. Males were more prone to smoking, alcohol consumption, cirrhosis, and other diseases, while females were more likely to develop leg ulcers and coronary heart disease. However, there was no significant difference between genders in terms of ACS and PHT.
WORLD FAMILY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anis Rabbani Nourani, A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman, Brandi Pernell, Mary H. Maddox, Lee Hilliard, Jeffrey Lebensburger, Ammar Saadoon Alishlash
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between nocturnal hypoxemia and acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease. The results showed that nocturnal hypoxemia was associated with previous admissions for acute chest syndrome, highlighting the importance of sleep monitoring and risk management in these vulnerable patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Jennifer L. Koehl, Alex Koyfman, Bryan D. Hayes, Brit Long
Summary: ACS in SCD is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, characterized by respiratory symptoms and/or fever and new radiodensity on chest imaging. It is important for clinicians to consider ACS in all SCD patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bharathi Mohan, N. P. Kavya, Arnab Choudhury, Mukesh Bairwa
Summary: Sickle cell disease in adults can lead to various complications, including hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusion. One severe and life-threatening complication is acute chest syndrome (ACS), which can cause multiple organ dysfunction and rapidly progressing respiratory failure. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for saving lives.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kokila Jeyamurugan, Min-Kyung Jung, Fernanda E. Kupferman, Kusum Viswanathan
Summary: The role of corticosteroids in treating acute chest syndrome (ACS) in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients remains unclear and highly dependent on physician preference. Our study found that corticosteroid use for ACS is associated with more severe disease, but did not significantly impact length of stay or readmission rates. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of corticosteroids in ACS through prospective trials.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adele Valentini, Paola Franchi, Giuseppe Cicchetti, Gaia Messana, Greta Chiffi, Cecilia Strappa, Lucio Calandriello, Annemilia del Ciello, Alessandra Farchione, Lorenzo Preda, Anna Rita Larici
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by mPAP > 20 mmHg at rest, as evaluated through RHC. It can occur in various clinical conditions and complicate different thoracic diseases. The risk factors for developing PH are categorized into five groups based on clinical presentations, pathological findings, hemodynamics, and treatment strategies. Most chronic lung diseases associated with PH belong to group 3 and have the lowest overall survival rates. However, some chronic pulmonary diseases with unclear or multifactorial mechanisms are included in group 5 PH. This paper focuses on PH associated with chronic lung diseases and emphasizes the importance of CT imaging in diagnosis and classification.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nicholas A. Kolaitis
Summary: Lung transplantation is a unique and effective treatment option for patients with end-stage pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, these patients face various challenges and inequities in the organ allocation process, resulting in less favorable long-term outcomes.
Article
Hematology
Andrew J. Jang, Sarah S. Chang, Changwon Park, Choon-Myung Lee, Raymond L. Benza, Michael J. Passineau, Jing Ma, David R. Archer, Roy L. Sutliff, C. Michael Hart, Bum-Yong Kang
Summary: The loss of endothelial PPAR gamma in sickle cell disease is associated with increased levels of ET-1 and VCAM1, leading to endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. Decreased levels of HUWE1 and miR-98, along with increased levels of p65, play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.