Article
Food Science & Technology
Takamasa Masuda, Yoshinaka Ino, Akiko Hirai, Akiko Okamura, Hirohito Ishikawa, Shin-ichiro Yokoyama, Toshihiko Osawa
Summary: The study suggests that daily intake of red clover can reduce blood glucose, especially for individuals aged 50 and under. Formononetin, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is considered to be the major functional molecule for these effects.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annemarie B. Villadsen, Julie N. Holm-Jacobsen, Bala K. Prabhala, Caspar Bundgaard-Nielsen, Pam Huntjens, Jette B. Kornum, Karin Glavind, Peter D. C. Leutscher, Lars P. Christensen, Per B. Jeppesen, Suzette Sorensen, Louise T. S. Arenholt
Summary: This study investigates the potential of fermented red clover isoflavones to reduce overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in postmenopausal women. The results showed that intake of red clover extract did not significantly relieve most urinary bladder symptom measures, although it did show a significant reduction in the bother of urinary urgency and a tendency towards a decreased ICIQ-OAB score.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Gosciniak, Piotr Szulc, Waldemar Zielewicz, Jaroslaw Walkowiak, Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
Summary: Red clover, a raw material with isoflavone content, was studied to evaluate the properties of its leaves and flowers. The study found that the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, lipase, collagenase and antioxidant activity was not correlated with isoflavone content.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah M. Jung, Ella H. Haddad, Amandeep Kaur, Rawiwan Sirirat, Alice Y. Kim, Keiji Oda, Sujatha Rajaram, Joan Sabate
Summary: This study found that the consumption of fermented soy powder led to significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, suggesting it may serve as a dietary strategy to manage blood lipids in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jennifer R. Weinert-Nelson, Donald G. Ely, Michael D. Flythe, Tracy A. Hamilton, John B. May, Jessica L. Ferrell, Matthew C. Hamilton, Whitney LeeAnn Jacks, Brittany E. Davis
Summary: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of biochanin A supplementation through red clover hay on the growth performance and rumen microbiota of ram lambs. Low levels of red clover hay inclusion in high-concentrate finishing diets improved feed efficiency and weight gain while decreasing feed intake. Red clover supplementation also altered the rumen microbiota and promoted fiber utilization.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew J. Granger, Peter K. Eck, Itzel Vazquez-Vidal, Maryam Shamloo, James D. House, Dylan S. Mackay
Summary: The GenePredict Plant Sterol study aimed to validate the associations of LDL cholesterol lowering with specific APOE and CYP7A1 genosets through a priori recruitment, but the recruitment target could not be reached. Despite the shortfall, reductions in LDL cholesterol were similar across all genosets, indicating that the trial's objective may still have been met. In conclusion, APOE and CYP7A1 genotypes did not influence the effectiveness of LDL cholesterol reductions through dietary intervention with plant sterols, and it is challenging to obtain adequate numbers of participants in trials using genoset-based recruitment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefano Zanotto, Annick Bertrand, Randy W. Purves, Jorunn E. Olsen, Fatma M. Elessawy, Ashild Ergon
Summary: The ability to tolerate low freezing temperatures is crucial for the survival and persistence of red clover in winter. In this study, the effect of cold acclimation (CA) on the contents of carbohydrates, amino acids, and phenolic compounds in red clover crowns was investigated. The results showed that freezing tolerant (FT) accessions had higher levels of certain compounds, including raffinose, pinitol, arginine, serine, alanine, valine, phenylalanine, and a pinocembrin hexoside derivative, compared to freezing susceptible (FS) accessions. These findings provide new insights into the biochemical changes during cold acclimation and their role in freezing tolerance in Nordic red clover.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rafael Guerrero-Bonmatty, Guadalupe Gil-Fernandez, Francisco Jose Rodriguez-Velasco, Jordi Espadaler-Mazo
Summary: This study showed that the combination of 10 mg of monacolin K and L. plantarum strains was effective in managing blood cholesterol, with statistically significant reductions in LDL-C and TC compared to placebo. The intervention was well tolerated with no adverse effects observed.
Article
Plant Sciences
Randy D. Dinkins, Julie Hancock, Brenda L. Coe, John B. May, Jack P. Goodman, William T. Bass, Jinge Liu, Yinglun Fan, Qiaolin Zheng, Hongyan Zhu
Summary: This study found that isoflavones in red clover do not play a key role in rhizobial signaling but may be involved in defense in the rhizosphere. Knocking out the key enzyme in isoflavone biosynthesis using CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in significantly reduced levels of isoflavones in mutant plants. Analysis of gene expression profiles suggested that the mutant plants might have been responding to cues in the surrounding rhizosphere due to lower levels of isoflavones.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Gonzalo R. Malca-Garcia, Yang Liu, Huali Dong, Dejan Nikolic, J. Brent Friesen, David C. Lankin, James McAlpine, Shao-Nong Chen, Birgit M. Dietz, Guido F. Pauli
Summary: Optimal parameters for auto-hydrolysis of (iso)flavone glycosides to aglycones in ground Trifolium pratense L. plant material have been established for the production of reproducible red clover extract. The enriched aglycone-rich extracts showed the strongest estrogenic activity in endometrial cells, similar to clinical RCE. The study advances translational research with red clover and other (iso)flavone-rich botanicals by providing insights into new bioactivities achievable with aglycone-enriched extracts.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Enver Keleszade, Sofia Kolida, Adele Costabile
Summary: This study found that L. plantarum ECGC 13110402 can safely improve lipid profiles in individuals with high cholesterol.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Maria Teresa Munoz, Vanessa Maldonado, Wence Herrera, Ana Mutis, Leonardo Bardehle, Cristian Medina, Emilio Hormazabal, Fernando Ortega, Andres Quiroz
Summary: The study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for isoflavone synthase activity through a response surface model and evaluate the formononetin content in Trifolium pratense. The results indicated that the best enzymatic assay condition was at pH 9.1 with an incubation at 34.5 degrees C for 155 minutes, with Precoz-3, Precoz-1, and Superqueli-INIA showing the highest production levels.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rhogerry Deshycka, Valentino Sudaryo, Nai-Jia Huang, Yushu Xie, Liyan Y. Smeding, Moon Kyung Choi, Hidde L. Ploegh, Harvey F. Lodish, Novalia Pishesha
Summary: A study has found that fusion of the EGFA domain with glycophorin A in red blood cells, introduced into mouse bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, led to significantly reduced plasma PCSK9 and LDL levels for up to 12 months, while maintaining lean body weight under a high-fat diet. This approach demonstrates a promising strategy for treating chronic hyperlipidemia and obesity through hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kate A. Wickham, Line B. Norregaard, Mikkel Oxfeldt, Stephen S. Cheung, Lasse Gliemann, Mette Hansen, Ylva Hellsten
Summary: The decline in estrogen at menopause poses challenges to cardiovascular and metabolic health, but phytoestrogens like isoflavones may have similar effects as endogenous estrogen. This study found that supplementation with fermented red clover extract reduced vascular inflammation in early post-menopausal women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Reyhaneh Yousefi, Maryam Parandoosh, Hoda Khorsandi, Nima Hosseinzadeh, Masoumeh Madani Tonekaboni, Atoosa Saidpour, Hossein Babaei, Arman Ghorbani
Summary: The study found that supplementation with grape seed extract (GSE) can improve blood lipid profile in overweight or obese individuals when accompanied by a restricted-calorie diet. It increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, decreases low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and reduces visceral adiposity index and atherogenic index of plasma.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ahmed Al-Omary, Karen Byth, Martin Weltman, Jacob George, Mohammed Eslam
Summary: This study aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a dual etiology liver disease. The study found that patients with CHC and concomitant MAFLD had more severe liver disease than those with viral hepatitis alone.
JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Jonathan Perry, Karen Byth, Alan Bullingham
Summary: Intermittent wound infusion catheter infusion regimes were associated with lower maximum daily dynamic pain scores, although the magnitude of this change may be of limited clinical significance.
REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Taryn Chalmers, Shamona Eaves, Ty Lees, Chin-Teng Lin, Phillip J. Newton, Roderick Clifton-Bligh, Craig S. McLachlan, Sylvia M. Gustin, Sara Lal
Summary: This study explores the relationship between neurocognitive parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) in nurses during acute stress situations. The findings show differences in cognitive performance and HRV parameters between nurses and non-nurses, highlighting the potential use of HRV markers in relation to cognitive performance and autonomic dysfunction.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sunil Gupta, Mayenaaz Sidhu, Neal Shahidi, Sergei Vosko, Owen McKay, Farzan Fahrtash Bahin, Simmi Zahid, Anthony Whitfield, Karen Byth, Gregor Brown, Eric Yong Tat Lee, Stephen John Williams, Nicholas Graeme Burgess, Michael John Bourke
Summary: This study aimed to assess the use of prophylactic clip closure in preventing clinically significant post-EMR bleeding within the right colon. The results showed that prophylactic clip closure can reduce the risk of clinically significant post-EMR bleeding in the management of large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps of 20 mm or larger in the right colon.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Oliver Cronin, Mayenaaz Sidhu, Neal Shahidi, Sunil Gupta, Timothy O'Sullivan, Anthony Whitfield, Hunter Wang, Puja Kumar, Luke F. Hourigan, Karen Byth, Nicholas G. Burgess, Michael J. Bourke
Summary: This study suggests that compared with LNPCPs in the rest of the colon, rectal LNPCPs are more likely to be larger and contain more advanced pathology. These findings have implications for curative endoscopic resection techniques particularly where early cancer is present.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ayanthi Wijewardene, Jeremy Hoang, Aung Min Maw, Matti Gild, Lyndal Tacon, Paul Roach, Geoffrey Schembri, David Chan, Roderick Clifton-Bligh
Summary: In this study, a new scoring system (I-PET) combining whole body scan (WBS) and FDG findings was proposed to identify patients who are refractory to radioactive iodine in thyroid cancer. The results showed that patients with I-PET [3B] were more likely to receive multikinase inhibitor therapy and had a higher mortality rate.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thora Y. Chai, Difei Deng, Karen Byth, Jacob George, Dharmintra Pasupathy, Ngai Wah Cheung
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The results showed that almost 40% of women in the GDM cohort had MAFLD detected in mid-to-late gestation. However, MAFLD was not associated with worse pregnancy outcomes.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sue Lynn Lau, Rebecca A. Stokes, Beverly Ng, Kim Cheng, Roderick Clifton-Bligh, Jenny E. Gunton
Summary: The expression of VDR has been found in various cell types involved in metabolism, including the beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. The study investigates the effects of VDR-null (VDRKO) on organs involved in energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis. While VDRKO mice showed reduced bone density, subcutaneous fat mass, and muscle weights, there was no significant effect on glucose tolerance, especially in the setting of decreased fat mass.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh
Summary: Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL) during pregnancy has historically led to high rates of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that early recognition of PPGL and appropriate medical management can improve outcomes. The need for antepartum surgery and the mode of delivery in PPGL cases are still controversial. It is important to offer genetic counseling and testing to women with PPGL in pregnancy, as they are often associated with heritable syndromes.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Karel Pacak, Roderick Clifton-Bligh
Summary: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors that produce catecholamines. Recent advances in their management, localization, treatment, and surveillance have significantly improved outcomes for patients with PPGLs or carriers of pathogenic genetic variants linked to these tumors. Molecular stratification, revised definitions, specific clinical features, plasma biomarkers, imaging techniques, treatment guidelines, and international consensus play important roles in enhancing understanding and future interventions for PPGLs.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Dahlia F. Davidoff, Eugenie S. Lim, Diana E. Benn, Yuvanaa Subramaniam, Eleanor Dorman, John R. Burgess, Scott A. Akker, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh
Summary: Phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma are highly heritable tumours, often caused by mutations in Krebs's cycle genes such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). This study found evidence of transmission ratio distortion (TRD) in the transmission of SDHB and SDHD pathogenic variants, suggesting a departure from Mendelian inheritance. The reasons for TRD and its implications for reproductive counseling and further research were discussed.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Susan Richter, Timothy J. Garrett, Nicole Bechmann, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh, Hans K. Ghayee
Summary: Metabolites play a crucial role in maintaining life and can be quantified to improve the diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). PPGLs have unique features that provide biomarkers and clues for targeted treatments. Genetic aberrations in PPGL alter cellular pathways and can be exploited diagnostically. Personalized diagnostics and treatment are within reach with the availability of omics technologies.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dominic Hauck, Liza Nery, Rachel O'Connell, Roderick Clifton-Bligh, Amanda Mather, Christian M. Girgis
Summary: The use of bisphosphonates in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5 does not appear to have any serious adverse effects and is effective at mitigating lumbar spine bone loss in kidney transplant patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nitesh D. Dhanekula, Gareth Crouch, Karen Byth, Sue Lynn Lau, Albert Kim, Edward Graham, Andrew Ellis, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh, Christian M. Girgis
Summary: Asian ethnicity is a strong independent risk factor for atypical femur fractures (AFF), possibly associated with bisphosphonate use and not influenced by femoral geometry.
Article
Pathology
K. R. Hulme, A. Mahar, R. G. Campbell, R. Clifton-Bligh, A. J. Gill, C. E. Palme, R. Gupta
Summary: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour (PMT) is a rare tumour associated with tumor-induced osteomalacia. We report three cases of PMT involving the head and neck, highlighting the diverse clinical and histologic features. One of the lesions showed a mixture of epithelial and mesenchymal elements, posing a diagnostic challenge.
HEAD & NECK PATHOLOGY
(2022)
