Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongwei Yue, Hongwen He, Mo Han, Sikai Gong
Summary: This paper proposes an improved active disturbance rejection control (IADRC) strategy combined with adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) for effective control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The strategy is capable of improving system response and robustness to structural parameters, and shows great control effects under real road conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmed Abdelhak Smadi, Farid Khoucha, Yassine Amirat, Abdeldjabar Benrabah, Mohamed Benbouzid
Summary: A simplified and robust control strategy is proposed in this paper to enhance DC bus voltage regulation in PEMFC applications. The instability of output voltage caused by energy source voltage fluctuation, external load fluctuation, and system parameter changes is addressed. A controller based on LADRC is designed by creating an average state space model of the DC/DC boost converter, which includes an external voltage loop and an internal current loop. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach are demonstrated through simulation and experiment results.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Di Wu, Kai Li, Yan Gao, Cong Yin, Hao Tang
Summary: This paper focuses on the dynamic performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) in the air system of a city bus. A control strategy based on Lyapunov-MRAC and PD controller is proposed to regulate the oxygen excess ratio (OER) under current disturbance and parameter uncertainty. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy outperforms traditional methods in terms of OER tracking and compressor control.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Asif Jamil, Sikander Rafiq, Tanveer Iqbal, Hafiza Aroosa Aslam Khan, Haris Mahmood Khan, Babar Azeem, M. Z. Mustafa, Abdulkader S. Hanbazazah
Summary: Fuel cells are environmentally friendly technology with high efficiency and economic advantages. Proton exchange membranes, especially for hydrogen fuel cells, have great potential but face challenges in terms of cost and degradation of proton exchange capacity over time.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Biao Xiao, Junjie Zhao, Zhengkai Tu, Siew Hwa Chan
Summary: The study investigated the effects of temperature, humidity, flow rate, and pressure on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. It found that better cell performance and higher water distribution levels were observed with lower temperature, higher operation pressure, and higher humidity. The compensated voltages were determined to be very close under specific conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Fu, Jiong Shen, Li Sun, Kwang Y. Lee
Summary: This paper utilizes the internal water content as the feedback signal and proposes a combined feed-forward and feedback control structure to maintain the internal humidity. Simulation results show that the proposed control method can keep the fuel cell operating within the safe and efficient range, with reduced humidification power consumption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiyang Liu, Jian Chen, Lalitesh Kumar, Lei Jin, Lianghui Huang
Summary: As one of the most promising sustainable energy technologies available today, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) engines are becoming increasingly popular in various applications, especially in transportation vehicles. However, controlling the temperature distribution in single cells and stacks poses challenges due to the complexity and severity of vehicle operating conditions. This paper proposes a decoupling controller to simultaneously control the inlet and outlet coolant water temperature of the PEMFC stack, and proves its closed-loop stability. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, accuracy, and reliability of the proposed decoupling controller in accurately controlling the temperature of the PEMFC stack cooling water.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rakhi Sood, Stefano Giancola, Anna Donnadio, Marta Zaton, Nicolas Donzel, Jacques Roziere, Deborah J. Jones, Sara Cavaliere
Summary: The study introduced a new type of reinforced membrane based on nanofibers of polysulfone functionalized with 4-heptyl-1,2,3-triazole, showing enhanced dimensional stability, mechanical strength, and Young modulus without compromising proton conductivity. Incorporating active fibers in ionomer membranes is an effective strategy for reinforcement, leading to high performance and increased durability.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Nur Ain Masleeza Harun, Norazuwana Shaari, Nik Farah Hanis Nik Zaiman
Summary: SPEEK is recognized as a promising alternative PEM in fuel cell applications due to its advantageous properties, but its proton conductivity is influenced by the degree of sulfonation. While high DS of SPEEK can produce high proton conductivity, excessive production of DS may have side effects on membrane stability. Therefore, finding the optimal DS of SPEEK is crucial for fabricating PEM alternatives.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Hongzhi Zhu, Fanglong Weng, Makeximu, Donghai Li, Min Zhu
Summary: This research aims to develop a novel method for the active control of combustion oscillation based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC). The effectiveness of parameter tuning and the controller in suppressing combustion oscillation was studied by simulation and experiments. The experimental results show that the first-order ADRC performs better than the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, while the second-order ADRC exhibits a better pressure-suppression effect and smaller controller output voltage.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lixin Fan, Zhengkai Tu, Siew Hwa Chan
Summary: This study designed and fabricated an air-cooled PEMFC with a rated power of 1.1 kW for a sightseeing bus, which can extend the vehicle range from 40 km to 70 km. A voltage-based control logic of purging was proposed and verified to maintain a fuel utilization of 97.84% with a sufficient voltage recovery. The driving characteristics of three typical powertrain systems, FCEV, HBEV, and RE-FCEV, were compared, and the RE-FCEV combines the advantages of FCEV and HBEV with stable PEMFC output.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Feng Pan, Junlin Luo, Wei Wu
Summary: Electromagnetic active suspension is an important technique utilized in vehicles to enhance ride comfort and handling stability. This study introduces an active suspension controller based on the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method, and experimental results demonstrate its superior performance compared to the traditional PID controller. The results indicate significant reduction in overshoot and adjustment time, as well as decreased vertical displacement of the vehicle body, with the use of the ADRC controller.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Bo Yang, Jiale Li, Yulin Li, Zhengxun Guo, Kaidi Zeng, Hongchun Shu, Pulin Cao, Yaxing Ren
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of state-of-the-art control strategies for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The control strategies are classified into different categories and evaluated based on their designs, performance, and applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Sadhasivam Thangarasu, Tae-Hwan Oh
Summary: Cellulose-based membranes have attracted attention as ion exchange membranes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells and alkaline fuel cells. The focus of research is on enhancing their functional properties and reducing production costs.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Sen Chen, Zhixiang Chen
Summary: This article presents an active disturbance rejection control design for nonlinear uncertain systems with measurement uncertainty, aiming to capture the total effect of multiple uncertainties to achieve control. The highly consistent transient performance of tracking is theoretically revealed, along with the qualitative relationship between tracking error and controller parameters. Simulation and experimental results support the effectiveness of the proposed method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)