Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeria Fridman D'Alessandro, Atsuro Takeshita, Taro Yasuma, Masaaki Toda, Corina N. D'Alessandro-Gabazza, Yuko Okano, Suphachai Tharavecharak, Chisa Inoue, Kota Nishihama, Hajime Fujimoto, Tetsu Kobayashi, Yutaka Yano, Esteban C. Gabazza
Summary: Diabetic nephropathy, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The overexpression of transforming growth factor beta 1 is associated with insulin resistance and rapid progression of kidney fibrosis under diabetic conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan van Vliet, Gretchen A. Meyer, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Samuel Klein, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: The study aimed to explore the relationships among muscle fibre type composition, perfusion, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake rates in healthy lean individuals and those with obesity. Results showed that obesity-associated insulin resistance is generalized across all major muscles and is not influenced by alterations in muscle fibre type composition or perfusion. Additionally, insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal relative to fat-free mass serves as a reliable indicator of muscle glucose uptake rate.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Pacini, Bo Ahren
Summary: Tirzepatide stimulates both insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness, with stimulation of glucose effectiveness being the prominent process to reduce glucose.
Article
Dermatology
Lin Li, Huidi Shucheng, Lixin Fu, Baoqiang Pei, Wen Xu, Xian Jiang
Summary: This study aimed to detect the expression of midkine in psoriasis and investigate its potential role in the disease. The results showed that levels of midkine were significantly increased in both lesions and serum of patients with psoriasis, and a positive correlation was found between midkine and disease severity. It was also found that midkine promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis through the Notch2/HES1/JAK2-STAT5A pathway. These findings suggest that midkine may be a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elissa M. Hult, Stephen J. Gurczynski, David N. O'Dwyer, Rachel L. Zemans, Andrew Rasky, Yizhuo Wang, Susan Murray, Howard C. Crawford, Bethany B. Moore
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease without known cure. Chronic inflammation and the involvement of HB-EGF have been observed in IPF. This study demonstrates that there is increased expression of HB-EGF in IPF patients and mice with pulmonary fibrosis, and HB-EGF plays a critical role in regulating fibrosis progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Charmaine J. Green, Miriam Span, Monique H. Rayhanna, Marisa Perera, Margot L. Day
Summary: The viability of embryos cultured in vitro is poor compared to those that develop in vivo. This study investigated the role of autocrine and exogenous IGFBP3 in mouse preimplantation embryos. Addition of exogenous IGFBP3 to embryo culture media increased the rate of development, and the effect was mediated by IGF1 and EGF receptors. Acute exposure to IGFBP3 activated the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway to promote cell proliferation and survival. Therefore, addition of IGFBP3 to IVF culture media should be considered.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gink N. Yang, Parinaz Ahangar, Xanthe L. Strudwick, Zlatko Kopecki, Allison J. Cowin
Summary: This study found that altering Flii affects the divisional orientation of EpSCs, influencing the formation and development of the epidermis and hair follicles. Flii(+/-) resulted in increased asymmetrical division of EpSCs, leading to more epidermal stratification, while Flii(Tg)(/Tg) led to increased symmetrical division of EpSCs, higher cell proliferation rate, thinner epidermis, but more hair follicles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Norio Hanata, Yasuo Nagafuchi, Yusuke Sugimori, Satomi Kobayashi, Yumi Tsuchida, Yukiko Iwasaki, Hirofumi Shoda, Keishi Fujio
Summary: This study found that serum AREG levels were elevated in patients with IIM, especially in those with ILD. Additionally, HB-EGF expression was associated with muscle injury and regeneration in IIM.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert R. Kraemer, Bradley R. Kraemer
Summary: In the past decade, research has shown that exercise has beneficial effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. Studies with animals and humans have provided new understanding of how endocrine signaling stimulates neurogenesis and the impact of exercise on circulating hormones. Given the decline of specific endocrine factors with aging, insights in this area of research are particularly important.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tina Ovlund, Giovanni Pacini, Bo Ahren
Summary: The study indicates that active GLP-1 receptors are required for insulin-independent glucose elimination, while GIP receptors do not show the same relevance for this process. GLP-1 receptor knockout mice had reduced S-G, while GIP receptor knockout mice showed no difference compared to wildtype mice. This dissociated relevance of two incretin hormone receptor types suggests different roles in glucose disposal.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Maqsood Ali, Si Hyun Kwak, Je Yeon Byeon, Hwan Jun Choi
Summary: In this study, alginate-hyaluronic acid composite beads were used for the sustained release of epidermal growth factor (EGF), showing biocompatibility and promoting wound healing.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jin-Jin Zhang, Chang-Xiong Cao, Li-Lan Wan, Wen Zhang, Zhong-Jiang Liu, Jin-Li Wang, Qiang Guo, Hui Tang
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which FOXQ1 promotes the invasion and metastasis of CRC through the HB-EGF/EGFR pathway. The results showed that knockdown of FOXQ1 suppressed the expression of HB-EGF, leading to a decrease in the expression levels of EGFR and its downstream genes AKT, RAF, and KRAS. This study suggests that FOXQ1 promotes CRC invasion and metastasis via the HB-EGF/EGFR pathway.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aktham Mestareehi, Xiangmin Zhang, Berhane Seyoum, Zaher Msallaty, Abdullah Mallisho, Kyle Jon Burghardt, Anjaneyulu Kowluru, Zhengping Yi
Summary: The study found that metformin significantly increased PP2A activity in the skeletal muscle of 8 lean healthy insulin-sensitive participants, providing insight into metformin's mechanism of action in human skeletal muscle.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Uma D. Kabra, Noah Moruzzi, Per-Olof Berggren, Martin Jastroch
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics play a critical role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Overexpression of mitochondrial fission regulator Drp1 can improve insulin secretion in Drp1-knockdown cells, but does not affect mitochondrial metabolism in wildtype cells. However, constitutive presence of Drp1 unexpectedly impairs insulin content and upregulates ER stress-related genes, possibly impacting insulin production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina M. Pusec, Vladimir Ilievski, Adam De Jesus, Zeenat Farooq, Joseph L. Zapater, Nadia Sweis, Hagar Ismail, Md Wasim Khan, Hossein Ardehali, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, Brian T. Layden
Summary: The liver plays a primary role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Glucokinase (GCK) is the main hexokinase (HK) expressed in hepatocytes, which phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) for further metabolic pathways. HKDC1, a novel hexokinase, has been found to have low basal expression in normal liver but increases during stress states and is associated with liver diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregory J. Fonseca, Jenhan Tao, Emma M. Westin, Sascha H. Duttke, Nathanael J. Spann, Tobias Strid, Zeyang Shen, Joshua D. Stender, Mashito Sakai, Verena M. Link, Christopher Benner, Christopher K. Glass
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Masahiro Matsuo, Fumi Masuda, Yukiyoshi Sumi, Masahiro Takahashi, Atsushi Yoshimura, Naoto Yamada, Hiroshi Kadotani
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Mashito Sakai, Ty D. Troutman, Jason S. Seidman, Zhengyu Ouyang, Nathanael J. Spann, Yohei Abe, Kaori M. Ego, Cassi M. Bruni, Zihou Deng, Johannes C. M. Schlachetzki, Alexi Nott, Hunter Bennett, Jonathan Chang, BaoChau T. Vu, Martina P. Pasillas, Verena M. Link, Lorane Texari, Sven Heinz, Bonne M. Thompson, Jeffrey G. McDonald, Frederic Geissmann, Christopher K. Glass
Article
Immunology
Jason S. Seidman, Ty D. Troutman, Mashito Sakai, Anita Gola, Nathanael J. Spann, Hunter Bennett, Cassi M. Bruni, Zhengyu Ouyang, Rick Z. Li, Xiaoli Sun, BaoChau T. Vu, Martina P. Pasillas, Kaori M. Ego, David Gosselin, Verena M. Link, Ling-Wa Chong, Ronald M. Evans, Bonne M. Thompson, Jeffrey G. McDonald, Mojgan Hosseini, Joseph L. Witztum, Ronald N. Germain, Christopher K. Glass
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sachiko Toma-Fukai, Ryota Hibi, Takao Naganuma, Mashito Sakai, Shinya Saijo, Nobutaka Shimizu, Michihiro Matsumoto, Toshiyuki Shimizu
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Hunter Bennett, Ty D. Troutman, Mashito Sakai, Christopher K. Glass
Summary: Kupffer cells are the resident macrophages of the liver, playing important roles in responses to tissue damage and specialized activities such as iron scavenging. Recent studies have focused on the epigenetic pathways that establish Kupffer cell identity and function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Zeyang Shen, Rick Z. Li, Thomas A. Prohaska, Marten A. Hoeksema, Nathan J. Spann, Jenhan Tao, Gregory J. Fonseca, Thomas Le, Lindsey K. Stolze, Mashito Sakai, Casey E. Romanoski, Christopher K. Glass
Summary: This study investigates the effects of TF spacing alterations on gene expression regulation. The results show that naturally occurring InDels can generally tolerate spacing alterations of TFs, which has important implications for enhancer selection mechanisms and the interpretation of non-coding genetic variation.
Article
Immunology
Asami Honda, Marten A. Hoeksema, Mashito Sakai, Sean J. Lund, Omar Lakhdari, Lindsay D. Butcher, Tara C. Rambaldo, Neal M. Sekiya, Chanond A. Nasamran, Kathleen M. Fisch, Eniko Sajti, Christopher K. Glass, Lawrence S. Prince
Summary: This study identifies the unique transcriptomes and enhancer landscapes of neonatal and adult alveolar macrophages (AMs) in mice. Adult AMs express higher levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism, while neonatal AMs express a largely proinflammatory gene profile. The lung microenvironment plays a significant role in driving the distinguishing gene expression and chromatin characteristics of neonatal and adult AMs.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Isidoro Cobo, Tiffany N. Tanaka, Kailash Chandra Mangalhara, Addison Lana, Calvin Yeang, Claudia Han, Johannes Schlachetzki, Jean Challcombe, Bethany R. Fixsen, Mashito Sakai, Rick Z. Li, Hannah Fields, Michal Mokry, Randy G. Tsai, Rafael Bejar, Koen Prange, Menno de Winther, Gerald S. Shadel, Christopher K. Glass
Summary: Loss of function mutations in DNMT3A and TET2 result in a type I interferon response, leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. These mutations impair mitochondrial DNA integrity and activate the cGAS signaling pathway. DNMT3A and TET2 regulate the expression of transcription factor A mitochondria by interacting with RBPJ and ZNF143, thereby maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tsutomu Igarashi, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Maika Kobayashi, Kai Miyazaki, Toru Igarashi, Shuhei Kameya, Asaka Lee Shiozawa, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Yoshitaka Miyagawa, Mashito Sakai, Takashi Okada, Iwao Sakane, Hiroshi Takahashi
Summary: The study found that ingestion of H-2 water could delay the progression of photoreceptor death in rd6 mice, with H-2 mice showing higher retinal thickness and outer nuclear layer thickness, and gene expression analysis revealing significant upregulation of genes related to phototransduction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mashito Sakai
Summary: Excess glucagon activity in diabetes leads to increased hepatic glucose production, exacerbating hyperglycemia. Additionally, type 2 diabetes is closely associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), causing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
DIABETOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bethany R. Fixsen, Claudia Z. Z. Han, Yi Zhou, Nathanael J. Spann, Payam Saisan, Zeyang Shen, Christopher Balak, Mashito Sakai, Isidoro Cobo, Inge R. Holtman, Anna S. Warden, Gabriela Ramirez, Jana G. Collier, Martina P. Pasillas, Miao Yu, Rong Hu, Bin Li, Sarah Belhocine, David Gosselin, Nicole G. Coufal, Bing Ren, Christopher K. Glass
Summary: The transcription factor SALL1 is shown to be a critical regulator of organogenesis and microglia identity. Disruption of a microglia-specific super-enhancer results in complete loss of SALL1 expression in microglia. SALL1 promotes SMAD4 binding and function at microglia-specific enhancers while suppressing binding of SMAD4 to enhancers of genes that become inappropriately activated in enhancer knockout microglia, thereby enforcing microglia-specific functions of the TGF-beta-SMAD signaling axis.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lorane Texari, Nathanael J. Spann, Ty D. Troutman, Mashito Sakai, Jason S. Seidman, Sven Heinz
Summary: Integrative analysis of next-generation sequencing data is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms. ChIP-seq technique can reveal the binding sites of transcription regulators for transcriptional regulation. The validated ChIP-seq protocol presented here allows for medium-to-high-throughput analysis of low-abundance cells and can be applied to various mammalian cells.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ty D. Troutman, Hunter Bennett, Mashito Sakai, Jason S. Seidman, Sven Heinz, Christopher K. Glass
Summary: Significant advancements in understanding disease mechanisms can be achieved through combined analysis of next-generation sequencing datasets from purified cell populations. This article details an optimized protocol for purifying mouse hepatic macrophages and an alternative framework for sorting pre-fixed hepatic nuclei populations. This strategy offers the advantage of rapidly preserving nuclei and facilitating success with ChIP-seq for more challenging molecules.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masayuki Tsukasaki, Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh, Kazuo Okamoto, Ryunosuke Muro, Asuka Terashima, Yoshitaka Kurikawa, Noriko Komatsu, Warunee Pluemsakunthai, Takeshi Nitta, Takaya Abe, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Tadashi Okamura, Mashito Sakai, Toshiya Matsukawa, Michihiro Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, Josef M. Penninger, Hiroshi Takayanagi