Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anouar Hafiane, Ioanna Gianopoulos, Mary G. Sorci-Thomas, Stella S. Daskalopoulou
Summary: The primary function of HDL is to remove excess cellular free cholesterol and deliver it to the liver. Recent research has focused on the interaction between apoA-I and ABCA1 in HDL formation and its relevance in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Understanding the key steps in HDL formation may have potential therapeutic implications for ASCVD management.
CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Liv Tybjaerg Nordestgaard, Mette Christoffersen, Shoaib Afzal, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Summary: Genetic variants in ABCA1 associated with high HDL cholesterol concentrations are also associated with higher risk of AMD, suggesting a role for ABCA1 in AMD pathogenesis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hubert Wolski, Marcin Ozarowski, Grazyna Kurzawinska, Anna Bogacz, Marlena Wolek, Malgorzata Luszczynska, Krzysztof Drews, Aleksandra E. Mrozikiewicz, Przemyslaw L. Mikolajczak, Radoslaw Kujawski, Boguslaw Czerny, Tomasz M. Karpinski, Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz
Summary: This study found significantly lower levels of LXRA mRNA and LXRA protein in the placenta of women with late-onset preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant women. These nuclear receptors may play a role in the development of preeclampsia through disturbances of lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yubing Dong, Yi Lin, Wanyu Liu, Wei Zhang, Yinong Jiang, Wei Song
Summary: The study investigated the lipid profile in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) patients, finding significantly altered levels of plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C compared to normotensive controls. ANP was shown to inhibit ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, leading to impaired cholesterol efflux, possibly explaining the decreased HDL-C levels in HDP patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miwa Yamazaki, Masanobu Kawai, Saori Kinoshita, Kanako Tachikawa, Tatsuro Nakanishi, Keiichi Ozono, Toshimi Michigami
Summary: The deletion of Pit1 and Pit2 genes in osteoblastic cells resulted in reduced Pi uptake, accelerated mineralization, suppressed expression of osteogenic marker genes, and altered levels of extracellular and intracellular PPi and ATP. This suggests that Pit1 and Pit2 may play a crucial role in regulating skeletal cell function by mediating the availability of extracellular Pi.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Hiromi Uekita, Hiroyasu Yamamoto, Ryu Niinaga, Noriko Yamane, Manami Yoshii, Keiko Yamauchi-Takihara, Shinji Kihara
Summary: The study found a correlation between serum Mac-2BP concentrations and clinical parameters related to metabolic syndrome, but the significance was not evident in multivariate analysis. IFN-gamma stimulation led to increased Mac-2BP and decreased ABCA1 and apo A-I mRNA concentrations in HepG2 cells.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hong Y. Choi, Isabelle Ruel, Shiwon Choi, Jacques Genest
Summary: Comparison of THP-1 macrophage subtypes with varying degrees of differentiation provided new insights into cholesterol metabolism and identified DSC1 as a viable target for promoting cholesterol efflux in differentiated macrophages. Pharmacological strategies targeting DSC1, such as docetaxel, may hold significant potential for reducing atherogenic cholesterol deposition.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jing Wang, Qianqian Xiao, Luyun Wang, Yan Wang, Daowen Wang, Hu Ding
Summary: ABCA1 plays a significant role in cholesterol homeostasis and inflammation inhibition, and decreased expression of ABCA1 is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Herman E. Popeijus, Willem Zwaan, Jehad Z. Tayyeb, Jogchum Plat
Summary: ApoA-I plays a crucial role in HDL metabolism and RCT. Lower serum ApoA-I concentrations during inflammation may lead to dysfunctional HDL particles. Modulating hepatic lipoprotein metabolism with compounds like SCFAs shows promise in increasing ApoA-I concentrations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sumiko Abe-Dohmae, Shinji Yokoyama
Summary: ABCA7 is a membrane protein belonging to the ABC transporter family, showing differences in function compared to ABCA1. It plays a role in regulating the host defense system rather than in lipid metabolism. Its activity is negatively regulated by the SREBP system and may be a potential target for managing Alzheimer's disease through modulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paula M. Hertel, Laura N. Bull, Richard J. Thompson, Nathan P. Goodrich, Wen Ye, John C. Magee, Robert H. Squires, Lee M. Bass, James E. Heubi, Grace E. Kim, Sarangarajan Ranganathan, Kathleen B. Schwarz, Molly A. Bozic, Simon P. Horslen, Matthew S. Clifton, Yumirle P. Turmelle, Frederick J. Suchy, Riccardo A. Superina, Kasper S. Wang, Kathleen M. Loomes, Binita M. Kamath, Ronald J. Sokol, Benjamin L. Shneider
Summary: In this study, the analysis of monogenic forms of intrahepatic cholestasis revealed a potential association between BSEP deficiency and a more severe disease course. Symptoms in patients with FIC1 and BSEP deficiencies typically appeared before age 2, while the course of MDR3 deficiency was later and more variable.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sukriti Sacher, Abhishek Mukherjee, Arjun Ray
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, and cholesterol-loaded foam cells play a crucial role in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Efforts to induce cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) as a treatment for CVD have been unsuccessful due to a lack of understanding about the relationship between HDL function and RCT. This review examines the structure-function relationships and genetic mutations that impact RCT, highlighting the need for further studies.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryoko Shinohata, Misako Shibakura, Yujiro Arao, Shogo Watanabe, Satoshi Hirohata, Shinichi Usui
Summary: A high-fat/high-cholesterol diet increases serum levels of apoE-rich HDL, while a high-cholesterol diet does not. This study investigates the effects of dietary fat and cholesterol on gene expression and HDL production. The results suggest that increased apoE-rich HDL induced by fat and cholesterol may be mediated by increased ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux from the liver.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hui-Juan Wang, Ji-Hong Wang, Xin-Na Xu, Xing-Shan Zhao, Wei Liu
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ATP-binding cassette A1 and G1 in monocyte-derived macrophages in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their regulation by Liver X receptors. The results showed that the expression of ATP-binding cassette G1 and high density lipoprotein-induced cholesterol efflux were significantly reduced in type 2 diabetic patients. The study also suggested that impairment of cholesterol efflux and ATP-binding cassette G1 gene expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus might be regulated by a Liver X receptor-independent pathway.
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Hanzhi Zhang, Ching-Shin Huang, Xinchao Yu, Jonas Lee, Amit Vaish, Qing Chen, Mingyue Zhou, Zhulun Wang, Xiaoshan Min
Summary: The study presents the cryo-EM structure of ABC transporters ABCG5/G8 with Fab fragments from two monoclonal antibodies, providing insights into the transport cycle and potential therapeutic interventions. The high-resolution structure reveals a unique dimer interface and novel epitopes for potential therapeutic interventions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gunther Silbernagel, Hubert Scharnagl, Marcus E. Kleber, Michael M. Hoffmann, Graciela E. Delgado, Tatjana Stojakovic, Thomas Gary, Lingyao Zeng, Andreas Ritsch, Stephen Zewinger, Thimoteus Speer, Heribert Schunkert, Ulf Landmesser, Winfried Maerz, Tanja B. Grammer
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sabina Sahanic, Piotr Tymoszuk, Dietmar Ausserhofer, Verena Rass, Alex Pizzini, Goetz Nordmeyer, Katharina Hufner, Katharina Kurz, Paulina Maria Weber, Thomas Sonnweber, Anna Boehm, Magdalena Aichner, Katharina Cima, Barbara Boeckle, Bernhard Holzner, Gerhard Rumpold, Christoph Puelacher, Stefan Kiechl, Andreas Huber, Christian J. Wiedermann, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger, Ivan Tancevski, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Herbert Bachler, Giuliano Piccoliori, Raimund Helbok, Guenter Weiss, Judith Loeffler-Ragg
Summary: This survey study identified three distinct manifestations of long COVID and postacute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 in nonhospitalized adults infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and linked them to different profiles of symptoms and recovery.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Zhang, Paul Bastard, Aurelie Cobat, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally mild, but in around 10% of cases, it can lead to severe pneumonia and potentially death. Genetic factors, such as inborn errors of type I interferons, and pre-existing auto-antibodies can increase the risk of critical illness. The production of type I interferons is essential for host defense against the virus.
Article
Immunology
Evangelos Andreakos, Laurent Abel, Donald C. Vinh, Elzbieta Kaja, Beth A. Drolet, Qian Zhang, Cliona O'Farrelly, Giuseppe Novelli, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego, Filomeen Haerynck, Carolina Prando, Aurora Pujol, Helen C. Su, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Andras N. Spaan, Paul Bastard, Catherine M. Biggs, Benedetta Bigio, Bertrand Boisson, Alexandre Bolze, Anastasiia Bondarenko, Petter Brodin, Samya Chakravorty, John Christodoulou, Aurelie Cobat, Antonio Condino-Neto, Stefan N. Constantinescu, Hagit Baris Feldman, Jacques Fellay, Rabih Halwani, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Yu-Lung Lau, Isabelle Meyts, Trine H. Mogensen, Satoshi Okada, Keisuke Okamoto, Tayfun Ozcelik, Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom, Anna M. Planas, Anne Puel, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Laurent Renia, Igor Resnick, Anna Sediva, Anna Shcherbina, Ondrej Slaby, Ivan Tancevski, Stuart E. Turvey, K. M. Furkan Uddin, Diederik van de Beek, Mayana Zatz, Pawel Zawadzki, Shen-Ying Zhang
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infections can vary greatly between individuals, with some being asymptomatic while others experience life-threatening disease. While 20% of critical COVID-19 cases are due to inborn errors or autoantibodies, the genetic and immunological factors for resistance to infection itself remain unknown. Studies have shown that autosomal recessive deficiencies in certain genes or enzymes can confer resistance to diseases, suggesting a potential strategy for identifying individuals naturally resistant to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Verena Rass, Bogdan-Andrei Ianosi, Laura Zamarian, Ronny Beer, Sabina Sahanic, Anna Lindner, Mario Kofler, Alois Josef Schiefecker, Philipp Mahlknecht, Beatrice Heim, Victoria Limmert, Thomas Sonnweber, Alex Pizzini, Piotr Tymoszuk, Christoph Scherfler, Atbin Djamshidian, Stefan Kiechl, Ivan Tancevski, Klaus Seppi, Bettina Pfausler, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Raimund Helbok
Summary: The study found that about one-third of patients experienced impaired HR-QoL 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Factors associated with impaired HR-QoL included younger age, longer hospitalization, impaired sleep, and anxiety symptoms.
QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Thomas Sonnweber, Piotr Tymoszuk, Sabina Sahanic, Anna Boehm, Alex Pizzini, Anna Luger, Christoph Schwabl, Manfred Nairz, Philipp Grubwieser, Katharina Kurz, Sabine Koppelstaetter, Magdalena Aichner, Bernhard Puchner, Alexander Egger, Gregor Hoermann, Ewald Woell, Guenter Weiss, Gerlig Widmann, Ivan Tancevski, Judith Loeffler-Ragg
Summary: This study observed the respiratory and symptom recovery in COVID-19 patients during the follow-up period. The results showed that 49% of patients reported persistent symptoms at the 6-month follow-up. Structural lung abnormalities and impaired lung function were more common in severe cases. The study also found that early clinical indicators could predict the risk of incomplete pulmonary recovery.
Article
Transplantation
Andras T. Deak, Katarina Belic, Anna-Maria Meissl, Katharina Artinger, Kathrin Eller, Bernd Rechberger, Tobias Niedrist, Wolfgang F. Graier, Roland Malli, Helmut Bischof, Sandra Burgstaller, Sandra Blass, Alexander Avian, Alexander R. Rosenkranz, Alexander H. Kirsch
Summary: This study assessed the performance of genetically encoded potassium-ion indicators (GEPIIs) in measuring salivary potassium concentration and found that salivary potassium levels exhibited similar kinetics to plasma potassium levels. However, further research is needed to determine if saliva could be a suitable sample type for monitoring plasma potassium levels.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jasmin Dionne Haslbauer, Ivana Bratic-Hench, Katharina Cima, Anna Katharina Luger, Katja Schmitz, Florian Augustin, Christoph Krapf, Daniel Hoefer, Ivan Tancevski, Alexandar Tzankov, Judith Loeffler-Ragg
Summary: The incidence, presentation, and predisposing factors of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are not well understood. This study examined lung explants from a patient with severe lung damage due to previous COVID-19 infection. The findings suggest that incomplete viral clearance in the vascular compartment may play a vital role in the development of PASC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreas Ritsch, Monika Hunjadi, Tatjana Stojakovic, Jurgen E. Scherberich, Gunther Silbernagel, Hubert Scharnagl, Graciela E. Delgado, Marcus E. Kleber, Winfried Maerz
Summary: This study found that cholesterol efflux and kidney function play different roles in cardiovascular mortality, and they exert their effects through different pathways.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anna Sviridenko, Anna Boehm, Gianpaolo di Santo, Christian Uprimny, Bernhard Nilica, Josef Fritz, Frederik L. Giesel, Uwe Haberkorn, Sabina Sahanic, Clemens Decristoforo, Ivan Tancevski, Gerlig Widmann, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Irene Virgolini
Summary: This study explores the potential diagnostic benefit of PET/CT in identifying the underlying inflammatory or fibrotic repair processes in COVID-19 patients with prolonged lung abnormalities. The results show that Ga-68-FAPI-46 PET/CT had clear positivity in six pulmonary impaired patients, while F-18-FDG showed reduced glucose avidity compared to the control group.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael Graber, Felix Naegele, Bernhard Tobias Roehrs, Jakob Hirsch, Leo Poelzl, Bernhard Moriggl, Agnes Mayr, Felix Troger, Elke Kirchmair, Julian Frederik Wagner, Martha Nowosielski, Lukas Mayer, Jakob Voelkl, Ivan Tancevski, Dirk Meyer, Michael Grimm, Michael Knoflach, Johannes Holfeld, Can Gollmann-Tepekoeylue
Summary: Spinal cord ischemia is a devastating complication after aortic dissection or repair, and shock wave therapy could be a promising treatment option.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alexander E. Egger, Sabina Sahanic, Andreas Gleiss, Franz Ratzinger, Barbara Holzer, Christian Irsara, Nikolaus Binder, Christoph Winkler, Christoph J. Binder, Wilfried Posch, Lorin Loacker, Boris Hartmann, Markus Anliker, Guenter Weiss, Thomas Sonnweber, Ivan Tancevski, Andrea Griesmacher, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Gregor Hoermann
Summary: This study found discrepancies in results from different antibody tests and highlighted the need to improve the stability of long-term antibody levels. Enhanced comparability of tests is required before reliable antibody level cutoffs can be established for adequate individual protection against SARS-CoV-2.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Lukas Lanser, Michaela Plaikner, Andrea Schroll, Francesco Robert Burkert, Stefanie Seiwald, Josia Fauser, Verena Petzer, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Gernot Fritsche, Ivan Tancevski, Christina Duftner, Andreas Pircher, Andreas Seeber, Heinz Zoller, Christian Kremser, Benjamin Henninger, Guenter Weiss
Summary: Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a common occurrence in patients with inflammatory disorders, caused by inflammation-induced iron buildup in macrophages. This study used MRI-based R2*-relaxometry to analyze iron content in the spleen, liver, pancreas, and heart of AI patients. The results showed higher spleen and pancreatic iron values in AI patients with ferritin > 200 μg/L compared to controls, indicating iron retention in these tissues. The findings suggest that MRI-related iron measurement can help diagnose true iron deficiency in AI patients and guide iron supplementation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Sabina Sahanic, Piotr Tymoszuk, Anna K. Luger, Katharina Hufner, Anna Boehm, Alex Pizzini, Christoph Schwabl, Sabine Koppelstaetter, Katharina Kurz, Matte Asshoff, Birgit Mosheimer-Feistritzer, Maximilian Coen, Bernhard Pfeifer, Verena Rass, Alexander Egger, Gregor Hoermann, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger, Raimund Helbok, Ewald Woell, Guenter Weiss, Gerlig Widmann, Ivan Tancevski, Thomas Sonnweber, Judith Loeffler-Ragg
Summary: Longitudinal investigation of COVID-19 recovery up to 1 year reveals that most patients experience stable recovery in terms of symptoms, lung function, cardiopulmonary health, and mental health. However, a significant proportion of patients continue to have persistent symptoms, lung function impairment, CT abnormalities, and diastolic dysfunction. Early pro-inflammatory and immunological biomarkers are identified as key risk factors for cardiopulmonary impairment. Furthermore, three recovery trajectories are observed, ranging from complete recovery to post-COVID-19 syndrome with impaired mental health.
Article
Neurosciences
Mario Gietl, Francesco Burkert, Stefanie Seiwald, Anna Boehm, Stefanie Hofer, Johanna M. Gostner, Talia Piater, Simon Geisler, Guenter Weiss, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Thomas Sonnweber, Ivan Tancevski, Alex Pizzini, Sabina Sahanic, Dietmar Fuchs, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Katharina Kurz
Summary: This pilot study investigated the interferon gamma inducible biochemical pathways during acute COVID-19 and reconvalescence, and found that inflammation-induced alterations of amino acid metabolism might be related to acute and persisting symptoms of COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRYPTOPHAN RESEARCH
(2023)