Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suresh I. S. Rattan, Gurcharan Kaur
Summary: Nutrition is not just about the essential macro- and micro-nutrients for survival, but also influenced by cultural factors. Food is recognized as one of the foundational pillars of health and longevity. It is important to understand the biological significance of various nutrients, the health claims of different types of food, and the general principles of healthy dietary patterns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Margherita Alfonsetti, Vanessa Castelli, Michele d'Angelo
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, and diet can influence this communication. Restoring gut microbiota has the potential to slow PD progression and improve symptoms.
Review
Immunology
Charlotte Hellmich, Edyta E. Wojtowicz
Summary: Normal bone marrow homeostasis relies on a steady supply of nutrients, and changes in metabolite demands can occur in response to infection and immune stress. The right balance of dietary components helps maintain normal homeostasis and cope with systemic stress. Some dietary components can also lead to chronic inflammation, impacting immune function. Optimal nutrition supports immune cell functions to effectively combat pathogens and resolve responses, while avoiding chronic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suzannah Gerber, Sara C. Folta
Summary: This scoping review aims to understand the role of identity in eating behaviors and the maintenance of eating behaviors. The study found that identity measurements seldom accounted for complexities such as multiple identities and identity shifting over time. However, identity was found to be significantly related to eating behaviors in all but one study. The study concludes that identity is underutilized and heterogeneously applied in eating behavior research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colin R. Twomey, Gareth Roberts, David H. Brainard, Joshua B. Plotkin
Summary: Names for colors vary widely across languages, but color categories are remarkably consistent. The study reveals that communicative needs for colors are not uniform among different languages, and are correlated with the colors of salient objects in the environment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Maike L. Fischer, Sol Yepes A. Vivas, Natalie Wielsch, Roy Kirsch, Andreas Vilcinskas, Heiko Vogel
Summary: True water bugs (Nepomorpha) are aquatic insects that primarily feed on prey, using their piercing-sucking mouthparts to inject venom for digestion and defense. In Central Europe, different water bug species coexist in the same habitat, each with specific adaptations to their ecological niche. A study found that the composition and activity of venom differ among four water bug species, suggesting independent adaptations for feeding strategies and microhabitat preferences. Additionally, the presence of herbivory-associated proteins indicates a mostly plant-based diet in one species.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Leah S. Hohman, Lisa C. Osborne
Summary: This article discusses the crucial role of eosinophils in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, including their importance in protective immunity and allergy.
Review
Ecology
Saul Huitzil, Cristian Huepe, Maximino Aldana, Alejandro Frank
Summary: This review explores the role of the microbiome in evolution, emphasizing its importance in addressing evolutionary phenomena and the missing heritability problem. The article advocates for recognizing the microbiome as a source of evolutionary innovation and analyzes the relevant evidence and implications.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shunming Zhang, Anna Stubbendorff, Ulrika Ericson, Per Waendell, Kaijun Niu, Lu Qi, Yan Borne, Emily Sonestedt
Summary: This study found that adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet index is associated with a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in individuals with higher genetic risk. However, the interaction between genetic risk and diet was not significant.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dario Gordillo, Janir Ramos da Cruz, Dana Moreno, Simona Garobbio, Michael H. Herzog
Summary: Tests in the empirical sciences are often assumed to be representative of a research question, but this assumption is not always valid. Using resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) as an example, we show that many EEG features correlated weakly with each other and did not strongly predict cognitive tasks. These findings challenge the assumption of test representativeness and raise questions about the use of single analysis methods in EEG studies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicole Allenden, Donald W. Hine, Belinda M. Craig, Annette L. Cowie, Paul D. McGreevy, Amy D. Lykins
Summary: This study evaluates the sustainability of five common plant-rich diets, considering their environmental, human health, and animal welfare impacts, as well as the likelihood of adoption among Australian adults. The Mediterranean diet and vegetarian diet are found to have the greatest projected positive impact on the three dimensions.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rodolfo Castro, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Catia Oliveira, Carmen Phang Romero, Hugo Perazzo, Mario Simjanoski, Flavio Kapciznki, Vicent Balanza-Martinez, Raquel B. De Boni
Summary: This study aimed to describe the most frequent lifestyle domains addressed by Digital Health Interventions (DHIs), the most frequent outcomes used to measure lifestyle changes, and the most frequent delivery methods for DHIs. The findings revealed that the most frequently evaluated domains were diet/nutrition and physical activity, and the most frequent delivery methods were smartphone apps and websites.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Debbie Montjean, Anne-Sophie Neyroud, Marina G. Yefimova, Moncef Benkhalifa, Rosalie Cabry, Celia Ravel
Summary: EDCs can influence gene expression through epigenetic alterations, leading to transgenerational inheritance of traits. Mechanisms such as DNA methylation, acetylation, histone modification, RNA-mediated effects, and extracellular vesicle effects have been implicated. While limited effects on sperm epigenetics have been described, there has been growing interest in this issue in recent years.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katerina Reva, Joao Laranjinha, Barbara S. Rocha
Summary: Diet is recognized as a major factor that influences human health. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various physiological functions and produces metabolites that can affect the host. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota metabolites can induce epigenetic modifications, linking diet, microbiota, and health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying microbiota-host interactions and epigenetic changes induced by diet is opening up new avenues for personalized therapeutic strategies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah C. Hull, Justin Charles, Arthur L. Caplan
Summary: The typical Western diet, high in processed and animal-based foods, is nutritionally and ethically problematic. Animal based foods promote chronic cardiometabolic disease, while whole-food plant-based nutrition can reverse them. Factory farming of animals also contributes to climate change, antibiotic resistance, and the spread of infectious diseases. A societal shift toward more whole-food plant-based patterns of eating stands to provide significant health benefits and ethical advantages.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
