Journal
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
Volume 335, Issue -, Pages 180-194Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.05.006
Keywords
subduction initiation; Fiji; Tonga; hafnium isotopes; tholeiitic magma; boninitic magma
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Funding
- NSF MARGINS [OCE0751600]
- UCSC Center for the Study of Imaging and Dynamics of the Earth (CSIDE)
- Geological Society of America
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The earliest subaerially exposed magmatic products of the Fiji-Tonga-Kermadec (FTK) arc are preserved in the Yavuna Group of Viti Levu, Fiji, and cobbles from 'Eua, Tonga. They are similar in age and magma types to the earliest rocks of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc. In Fiji they include typical island arc tholeiitic (IAT), boninitic (BON), and MORB-like early arc tholeiitic (EAT) pillow lavas that are interpreted as products of flux- and decompression-melting which occurred simultaneously during subduction initiation. Although the oldest rocks in the southwest Pacific (FTK) and the northwest Pacific (IBM) arcs are generally similar, they differ in two important respects. First, all magma types erupted simultaneously in the SW Pacific whereas a similar assemblage may have erupted sequentially in IBM. Second, the primary mantle wedge was Pacific in isotopic character in the SW Pacific, but Indian in the NW Pacific. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
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