Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mazhar Hussain, Guangmei Zhang, Michael Leitner, Lauren M. Hedges, Sassan Asgari
Summary: The study found that the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia blocks replication of dengue virus by inducing the expression of RNase HI gene, and knocking down this gene increases dengue virus replication. Moreover, overexpressing the RNase HI gene can reduce replication of positive sense RNA viruses but has no effect on negative sense RNA viruses, revealing the mechanism of Wolbachia-mediated virus blocking.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Se Jin Oh, Ji Yeon Lim, Min Kyu Son, Jun Hyeok Ahn, Kwon-Ho Song, Hyo-Jung Lee, Suyeon Kim, Eun Ho Cho, Joon-Yong Chung, Hanbyoul Cho, Hyosun Kim, Jae-Hoon Kim, Jooyoung Park, Jungmin Choi, Sun Wook Hwang, Tae Woo Kim
Summary: The emergence of cisplatin resistance and side-effects are important factors in cancer treatment failure. The authors identify autophagy-mediated EGFR hyperactivation by TRPV1 promotion as a mechanism of cisplatin resistance and demonstrate the efficacy of a TRPV1 inhibitor to sensitize lung cancer to cisplatin. Future studies should provide evidence regarding the mechanisms of potential targets that can overcome the resistance as well as alleviate pain.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaowen Bi, Baolin Jiang, Jinyi Zhou, Xirui Fan, Xintong Yan, Juanjuan Liang, Lan Luo, Zhimin Yin
Summary: Inhibition of CBP bromodomain effectively blocks HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses and reduces its pro-inflammatory activity. SGC-CBP30 down-regulates the activation of relevant signaling pathways to decrease the inflammatory effects of HMGB1.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sung Pil Kwon, Byung-Hee Hwang, Eun-Hye Park, Han Young Kim, Ju-Ro Lee, Mikyung Kang, Seuk Young Song, Mungyo Jung, Hee Su Sohn, Eunmin Kim, Chan Woo Kim, Kwan Yong Lee, Gyu Chul Oh, Eunho Choo, Songhyun Lim, Yeonseok Chung, Kiyuk Chang, Byung-Soo Kim
Summary: Nanoparticles targeting the immune system can attenuate excessive inflammation in infarcted myocardium by inducing regulatory T cells and promoting inflammatory-to-reparative macrophage polarization, leading to improved cardiac function and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayun Shao, Juan Ding, Lihong Lu, Wenting Hou, Fei Wang, Zhirong Sun, Hui Jiang, Yanjun Zhao
Summary: Perioperative hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder that induces endothelial apoptosis and vascular injury through upregulation of ELF3, COX2, and iNOS expressions. Propofol protects against high glucose-induced COX2 and iNOS expressions in HUVECs by inhibiting ELF3 expressions and SP1-mediated endothelial injury. The protective effect of propofol involves downregulation of SP1 expression, attenuation of ELF3 expression, inhibition of COX2 and iNOS expressions, and improvement of cell viability in HUVECs under high glucose conditions.
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei Zeng, Zeting Xing, Meiyun Tan, Yanwen Wu, Chunyuan Zhang
Summary: The study showed that propofol can reverse the metabolic pathway shift from aerobic glycolysis to OXPHOS in LPS-activated macrophages. Propofol inhibits aerobic glycolysis through suppressed GLUT1-mediated glucose uptake. Additionally, propofol reduces ROS overproduction by inhibiting GLUT1 expression and NADPH activity.
INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Malavika Deodhar, Sweilem B. Al Rihani, Lucy Darakjian, Jacques Turgeon, Veronique Michaud
Summary: Fluoxetine is widely used as an antidepressant and is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes, particularly CYP2D6. The strong affinity substrate nature of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine can lead to prolonged inhibition of CYP2D6 activity through competitive inhibition. Additionally, fluoxetine is a substrate of CYP2C9 and a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP2C19.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aeseul Kim, Sun Mi Gu, Haemiru Lee, Dong Eun Kim, Jin Tae Hong, Jaesuk Yun, Hye Jin Cha
Summary: This study found that exposure to Ketamine and NMDA receptor antagonists during pregnancy can lead to psychosis-like behaviors in offspring, such as hyperlocomotion and reduced prepulse inhibition. Additionally, it was discovered that these drugs can increase the expression levels of Avpr1a in the striatum, and overexpression of Avpr1a inhibits PPI. Furthermore, the study showed that Ketamine and methoxetamine treatment can increase GAD67 and GABA levels in the striatum of offspring, causing GABAergic neuronal dysfunction and abnormalities in sensorimotor gating.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antoine Gagelin, Corentin Largeau, Sandrine Masscheleyn, Mathilde S. S. Piel, Daniel Calderon-Mora, Frederic Bouillaud, Jerome Henin, Bruno Miroux
Summary: By combining molecular dynamic simulations with in vivo functional assays, Gagelin et al. uncovered the molecular features of UCP1 that are essential for its inhibition by nucleotides. The study focused on understanding how purine nucleotides inhibit the respiration uncoupling activity of UCP1. Through simulations and assays, the authors identified specific residues and interactions that play a crucial role in the selective inhibition of UCP1 by purine nucleotides.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yong Li, Ying Yang, Dafan Chen, Yan Wang, Xinyun Zhang, Wenchao Li, Shengsen Chen, Sandy M. M. Wong, Mengwen Shen, Brian J. Akerley, Hao Shen
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) frequently causes secondary pneumonia after influenza A virus (IAV) infection, leading to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Concomitant pneumococcal and influenza vaccination improves protection against coinfection but does not always yield complete protection. In this study, we showed that preceding low-dose IAV infection caused persistent Sp infection and suppression of bacteria-specific T-helper type 17 (Th17) responses in mice. Prior Sp infection protected against subsequent IAV/Sp coinfection by improving bacterial clearance and rescuing bacteria-specific Th17 responses in the lungs. Furthermore, blockade of IL-17A by anti-IL-17A antibodies abrogated the protective effect of Sp preinfection. Importantly, memory Th17 responses induced by Sp preinfection overcame viral-driven Th17 inhibition and provided cross-protection against different Sp serotypes following coinfection with IAV. These results indicate that bacteria-specific Th17 memory cells play a key role in providing protection against IAV/Sp coinfection in a serotype-independent manner and suggest that a Th17-based vaccine would have excellent potential to mitigate disease caused by coinfection.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Yang, Yukun Zhao, Mengyu Duan, Chaoyuan Deng, Yufan Zhang, Yu Lei, Jikun Li, Wenjing Song, Chuncheng Chen, Jincai Zhao
Summary: In this study, the efficient dioxygenation of alkenes to diols or alpha-hydroxy ketones under mild conditions was achieved by adding bicarbonate in a heterogenous photoelectrochemical cell. The role of bicarbonate-derived radicals in the reaction was identified and a triple role mechanism was proposed.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Cao, Tie Chang, Chao Fang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Huilan Liu, Gang Zhao
Summary: This study explores the ice regulation ability of two-dimensional MXene Ti3C2Tx in both cooling and thawing processes. The molecular mechanism of ice growth inhibition is attributed to the hydrogen bonds formed between Ti3C2Tx functional groups and ice/water molecules. The application of Ti3C2Tx in cryopreservation has shown to reduce cryodamage to stem cells and increase cell viability, indicating its potential in cell cryopreservation applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiu Yang, Xiao-Jiao Guo, Yi-Xiang Chen, Zhuang-Lei Chai, Xiao-Xiao Sheng, Jin-Ku Liu, Xian-Guang Zeng, Xue-Dan Chen
Summary: Modification of zinc phosphate materials with rare earth cerium ions through ultrasound-assisted precipitation can change the crystal structure, microstructure, and corrosion resistance. The generation of fluorescence and consumption of fluorescence energy also contribute to corrosion protection.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Larissa Dietz, Cara J. Ellison, Carlos Riechmann, C. Keith Cassidy, F. Daniel Felfoldi, Adan Pinto-Fernandez, Benedikt M. Kessler, Paul R. Elliott
Summary: Certain members of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, including BIRC6, regulate cell death by inhibiting caspases, while SMAC antagonizes IAPs and promotes cell death. BIRC6 directly inhibits caspase-3 and-7 and ubiquitinates caspase-3,-7, and-9, working with noncanonical E1, UBA6. SMAC suppresses both mechanisms by competitively displacing caspases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omotayo Sanni, Samuel A. Iwarere, Michael O. Daramola
Summary: This study investigated the corrosion inhibition effect and mechanism of essential oil on aluminum alloys in sodium chloride solution. The results showed that the essential oil exhibited high inhibition efficiency at a certain concentration and could form a protective film to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys.
