Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shady Allam, Elsayed G. E. Elsakka, Ahmed Ismail, Ahmed S. Doghish, Amr Mohamed Yehia, Mohamed A. Elkady, Hamada Ahmed Mokhlis, Sara M. Sayed, Adel I. Abd Elaziz, Abdullah A. Hashish, Mona M. Amin, Rehab Mohamed El Shahat, Osama A. Mohammed
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of flutamide, an androgen receptor (AR) blocker, on renal pathologic changes such as inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis in male rats. The study found that AR blockade resulted in the down-regulation of markers associated with renal inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Additionally, it was found that the blockade increased the expression of chloride channel protein-5 (ClC-5) and pAKT proteins. This research suggests that AR blockade may be an effective strategy for mitigating renal side effects caused by certain drugs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huixian Hou, Mai Horikawa, Yuki Narita, Hirofumi Jono, Yutaka Kakizoe, Yuichiro Izumi, Takashige Kuwabara, Masashi Mukoyama, Hideyuki Saito
Summary: Renal fibrosis, the final manifestation of chronic kidney disease (CKD), can be controlled and prevented by targeting the enzyme SULT1A1 to decrease the accumulation of indoxyl sulfate (IS). In a study with Sult1a1-KO mice, it was found that the exacerbation of inflammation and renal fibrosis in WT mice was significantly suppressed in Sult1a1-KO mice. Expression of CD206(+) was upregulated and β-catenin expression was downregulated in Sult1a1-KO mice. Additionally, the study confirmed the beneficial effect of erythropoietin (EPO) in attenuating renal fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sujun Wu, Kun Yu, Zhengxing Lian, Shoulong Deng
Summary: This article summarizes the role of androgen receptors in female reproductive system cancers and their associations with cancer-related expression and polymorphisms. The study findings suggest that androgen receptors play a role in cancer cell proliferation, migration, cancer cell stemness, and chemotherapeutic drug resistance, indicating their potential as therapeutic targets for female reproductive system cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Hong Chen, Danni Zhong, Zongyan Gao, Xiaojing Wu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of the G71R genetic mutant in UGT1A1 on the glucuronidation of unconjugated bilirubin. It was found that the catalytic activity for unconjugated bilirubin was lower in the G71R mutant compared to the wild-type enzyme, with a stronger effect observed in the homozygote.
OPEN LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
M. Poturnajova, Z. Kozovska, M. Matuskova
Summary: The review summarizes the role of ALDH in solid tumors, particularly the ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 isoforms, including their transcription and regulation mechanisms, as well as their crosstalk with main molecular pathways. Additionally, it discusses the regulatory effect of lnRNA on ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lijun Yin, Shuo Qi, Zhiqiang Zhu
Summary: An increasing number of studies have shown the crucial roles of androgens and androgen receptors (AR) in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Impaired glucose and lipid metabolism and obesity-related diseases have been observed in hypogonadal men and male rodents with androgen deficiency. Exogenous androgens supplementation effectively improves these disorders, but the precise mechanism by which androgens regulate glucose and lipid metabolism remains unclear. Mitochondria, as the powerhouses of cells, play a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Existing evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies suggests that the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by androgens/AR is strongly associated with the impact on mitochondrial content and function, but comprehensive reports on the regulatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism are limited. This paper provides a review of the effect of androgens/AR on mitochondrial content, morphology, quality control system, and function, with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms. Additionally, the gender-specific effects of androgens on mitochondria are discussed. This paper lays a theoretical foundation for understanding the influence and mechanism of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism and highlights the mitochondria-based explanation for the gender-specific effects of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Yuan, Xifeng Sun, Xiao Liu, Georg Hutterer, Karl Pummer, Boris Hager, Zhangqun Ye, Zhiqiang Chen
Summary: Kaempferol reduced CaOx crystal deposition in renal tubulars and crystal adhesion to HK-2 cells, alleviated crystal-induced cellular injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and overexpression of OPN and CD44 in the kidney. Kaempferol functioned by inhibiting the AR/NOX2 signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent for CaOx nephrolithiasis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qin Zhao, Ruoqian Xie, Yuxiao Zeng, Wanlu Li, Guolan Xiao, Yangyan Li, Gang Chen
Summary: The palladium-catalyzed oxidative C-H olefinations of uridine, deoxyuridine, uridine monophosphate and uridine analogues are reported. This protocol offers an efficient, atom-economic, and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing biologically important C5-alkene modified uracil/uridine-containing derivatives and pharmaceutical candidates.
Article
Cell Biology
Anindita Ravindran, Kimiko L. Krieger, Akash K. Kaushik, Helene Hovington, Sadia Mehdi, Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna, Vasanta Putluri, Paul Basil, Uttam Rasaily, Franklin Gu, Truong Dang, Jong Min Choi, Rajni Sonavane, Sung Yun Jung, Lisha Wang, Rohit Mehra, Nancy L. Weigel, Nagireddy Putluri, David R. Rowley, Ganesh S. Palapattu, Chantal Guillemette, Louis Lacombe, Eric Levesque, Arun Sreekumar
Summary: UGT2B28 gene plays a key role in promoting prostate tumor growth, with higher expression levels observed in African American men with prostate cancer and regulated by full-length androgen receptor.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhaohui Liu, Chunlei Li, Yan Li, Lili Yu, Min Qu
Summary: Propofol has beneficial effects on remote lung injury mediated by renal ischemia/reperfusion, reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necroptosis through up-regulation of SIRT1.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhaohui Liu, Chunlei Li, Yan Li, Lili Yu, Min Qu
Summary: Propofol has beneficial effects on renal ischemia/reperfusion-mediated acute lung injury through inhibiting inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, improving apoptosis and necroptosis, and up-regulating SIRT1 expression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherin Patsch, Chao Liu, Grzegorz Zapotoczny, Yuanye Sun, Harish Sura, Nolan Ung, Ren X. Sun, Bethany Haliday, Chen Yu, Mayada Aljehani, Jerry S. H. Lee, Boris A. Kashemirov, David B. Agus, Charles E. McKenna, Daniel Ruderman
Summary: This study identified a new mechanism of drug resistance in lethal prostate cancer and discovered a structurally contradictory stereoisomer in a drug compound, suggesting new strategies to overcome drug resistance mechanisms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nadia Y. Edelsztein, Clara Valeri, Maria M. Lovaisa, Helena F. Schteingart, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a biomarker of immature Sertoli cells, which is regulated by specific transcription factors and plays a role in the regression of Mullerian ducts in males. AMH is highly expressed before puberty and then downregulated. FSH increases AMH output, while intratesticular levels of androgens and estrogens also regulate AMH secretion.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Fabian Daus, Xiulan Xie, Armin Geyer
Summary: The synthetic monodisperse pentadecapeptide synSil-1A(1) is a representative of the microdisperse mixture of the native silaffin natSil-1A(1) produced by the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis. The unique mineralisation properties of synSil-1A(1) were confirmed through quantitative experiments, providing validation for the prevailing molecular model of biosilicification.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takeshi Iwasa, Hiroki Noguchi, Risa Tanano, Erika Yamanaka, Asuka Takeda, Kou Tamura, Hidenori Aoki, Tatsuro Sugimoto, Hikari Sasada, Takaaki Maeda, Saki Minato, Shota Yamamoto, Hiroaki Inui, Tomohiro Kagawa, Atsuko Yoshida, Ayuka Mineda, Mari Nii, Riyo Kinouchi, Kanako Yoshida, Yuri Yamamoto, Takashi Kaji
Summary: Recent studies have revealed the effects of androgens on metabolic and body weight regulation systems in females and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Excess androgens can negatively impact metabolic functioning, appetite, and body weight regulation, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. These effects are caused by changes in hypothalamic appetite-regulatory factors, decreased energy expenditure, skeletal muscle insulin resistance, and beta-cell dysfunction. Interestingly, these adverse effects of androgens are not observed in ovariectomized animals and post-menopausal women, suggesting a potential dependence on the estrogen milieu. The findings may provide novel strategies for sex- and age-specific treatment of metabolic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
