Article
Cell Biology
Zhixin Cyrillus Tan, Anja Lux, Markus Biburger, Prabha Varghese, Stephen Lees, Falk Nimmerjahn, Aaron S. Meyer
Summary: In this study, the binding of mixed Fc immune complexes to receptors was measured and found to match a mechanistic model, providing refined estimates of the affinities of Fc variants. Additionally, the model was shown to predict effector cell-elicited platelet depletion in humanized mice. Overall, this work demonstrates a quantitative framework for modeling mixed IgG Fc-effector cell regulation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Thuy Tran, Erik Martinsson, Sergio Vargas, Ingemar Lundstrom, Carl-Fredrik Mandenius, Daniel Aili
Summary: The production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies is a complex process that requires extensive analytical characterization. Aggregation of antibodies is common and problematic, as it can affect the product quality and immunogenicity. Rapid detection of aggregates is challenging with current analytical techniques.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Michelle K. Ash, Pavan P. Bhimalli, Byoung-Kyu Cho, Basil Baby Mattamana, Stephanie Gambut, Imad Tarhoni, Cristina L. Fhied, Anjelica F. Reyes, Samantha J. Welninski, Jaison Arivalagan, Fernanda Negrao, Renu Goel, Todd L. Beck, Thomas J. Hope, Beverly E. Sha, Young Ah Goo, Lena Al-Harthi, Joao I. Mamede, Jeffrey A. Borgia, Neil L. Kelleher, Jeffrey R. Schneider
Summary: This study investigated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on the immune response by measuring changes in IgG glycosylation. The results showed that hospitalized COVID-19 patients had elevated levels of inflammatory glycans, while mild patients had increased levels of anti-inflammatory glycans. Vaccinated individuals with low RBD antibody levels and low neutralization showed similar IgG glycan traits as hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Article
Immunology
Yuxiao Wang, Ying Qiao, Yuqi Huo, Li Wang, Shijie Liang, Maohe Yu, Xinquan Lan, Moxin Song, Xiangjun Zhang, Ying Yan, Junjie Xu
Summary: This study aims to assess the immunogenicity and safety of the two-dose Sinovac CoronaVac vaccine for 6 months postvaccination in people living with HIV (PLWH) in China. The study found that CoronaVac was generally safe and immunogenic in PLWH, but the immune response was inferior and the antibodies vanished faster compared to HIV-negative individuals. The study suggests a shorter interval between prime-boost vaccinations for PLWH to ensure better protection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jiong Wang, Dongmei Li, Andrew Cameron, Qian Zhou, Alexander Wiltse, Jennifer Nayak, Nicole D. Pecora, Martin S. Zand
Summary: A study investigates the effects of preexisting anti-human coronavirus antibodies on SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG responses and disease severity. The results show that COVID-19 subjects have increased levels of anti-S IgG antibodies, which are correlated with antibodies against OC43 and HKU1. However, antibodies against OC43 and HKU1 in pre-COVID-19 era sera do not cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. The study also finds that high levels of anti-OC43 and anti-S2 antibodies are associated with a rapid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response and increased disease severity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Kai M. T. Sauerwein, Christoph B. Geier, Roman F. Stemberger, Raphael Rossmanith, Huseyin Akyaman, Peter Illes, Michael B. Fischer, Martha M. Eibl, Jolan E. Walter, Hermann M. Wolf
Summary: This study analyzed the production of IgG antibodies in a subgroup of CVID patients following mRNA vaccination with BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The results showed that CVID responders had lower levels of antibodies and impaired affinity maturation during booster response. Additionally, the follicular T-helper cell response was significantly reduced in CVID responders compared to healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alvaro Carvalho, Ana Rita Henriques, Paula Queiros, Joana Rodrigues, Nuno Mendonca, Ana Maria Rodrigues, Helena Canhao, Germano de Sousa, Francisco Antunes, Miguel Guimaraes
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and its dynamics during 9 months in COVID-19 patients. The results showed a lasting anti-S IgG antibody response after 9 months in the majority of patients. Factors such as age and symptomatic disease were found to be associated with different concentrations of IgG antibodies. Overall, this study provides important insights into the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and has implications for preventive strategies and public health policies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mackenzie Zendt, Fausto A. Bustos Carrillo, Sophie Kelly, Taylor Saturday, Maureen Degrange, Anita Ginigeme, Lurline Wu, Viviane Callier, Ana Ortega-Villa, Mondreakest Faust, Emma Chang-Rabley, Kara Bugal, Heather Kenney, Pavel Khil, Jung-Ho Youn, Gloria Osei, Pravesh Regmi, Victoria Anderson, Marita Bosticardo, Janine Daub, Thomas Dimaggio, Samantha Kreuzburg, Francesca Pala, Justina Pfister, Jennifer Treat, Jean Ulrick, Maria Karkanitsa, Heather Kalish, Douglas B. Kuhns, Debra L. Priel, Danielle L. Fink, John S. Tsang, Rachel Sparks, Gulbu Uzel, Meryl A. Waldman, Christa S. Zerbe, Ottavia M. Delmonte, Jenna R. E. Bergerson, Sanchita Das, Alexandra F. Freeman, Michail S. Lionakis, Kaitlyn Sadtler, Neeltje van Doremalen, Vincent Munster, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Steven M. Holland, Emily E. Ricotta
Summary: Research on coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in immune-deficient/disordered people has primarily focused on cancer and organ transplantation populations. Three doses of the vaccine induced antispike IgG in most immune-deficient/disordered individuals, but additional doses are required for increased protection. The reduced IgG response to the Omicron BA.1 variant highlights the need for studying the efficacy of additional vaccinations, including bivalent vaccines, in this population.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna E. Coghill, Jianwen Fang, Zhiwei Liu, Chien-Jen Chen, Ruth F. Jarrett, Henrik Hjalgrim, Carla Proietti, Kelly J. Yu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Pei-Jen Lou, Chen-Ping Wang, Yingdong Zhao, Denise L. Doolan, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: This study examined the IgG antibody responses against 115 EBV peptide sequences in 316 cancer-free adults and identified eight EBV peptide sequences that appear to play a role in immunogenicity. This finding is important for understanding the role of EBV in B-cell immunity in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Constanza Giai, Betiana Nebai Salassa, Valeria Eugenia Zarelli, Oscar Daniel Bello, Maria Cristina Vanrell, Diego Sebastian Ojeda, Andrea Gamarnik, Maria Isabel Colombo
Summary: The population that has not received a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is at high risk for infection, while vaccination prevents severe COVID-19 outcomes. Argentina has administered over 50 million doses of vaccines, including Sputnik V, Oxford-AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm. A study comparing antibody responses found that 80% of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca recipients had high humoral responses, while only 25% of Sinopharm recipients did. However, after the second dose, most recipients had significant levels of antibodies. The importance of administering the second dose of Sinopharm vaccine is emphasized. The data provided in this report will support decision-making on vaccine implementation and the fight against the global COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Microbiology
Xu Song, Jiali Qian, Chuanhong Wang, Dandan Wang, Junming Zhou, Yongxiang Zhao, Wei Wang, Jizong Li, Rongli Guo, Yunchuan Li, Xuejiao Zhu, Shanshan Yang, Xuehan Zhang, Baochao Fan, Bin Li
Summary: The humoral immune response is important for virus neutralization. Both IgG and IgA play roles in neutralizing PEDV. This study found that IgA to PEDV S1 protein has the highest correlation with neutralizing antibodies. This method can be used for assessing the immune status of pigs.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Elena Kazachinskaia, Alexander Chepurnov, Dmitry Shcherbakov, Yulia Kononova, Teresa Saroyan, Marina Gulyaeva, Daniil Shanshin, Valeriya Romanova, Olga Khripko, Michail Voevoda, Alexander Shestopalov
Summary: The study investigated humoral immunity in COVID-19 patients by testing blood samples with SARS-CoV-2 and recombinant proteins. It found high levels of neutralizing antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 in the blood sera of patients who died from the infection, indicating a need for further research on the role of humoral immunity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Hagglof, Melissa Cipolla, Maximilian Loewe, Spencer T. Chen, Luka Mesin, Harald Hartweger, Mohamed A. ElTanbouly, Alice Cho, Anna Gazumyan, Victor Ramos, Leonidas Stamatatos, Thiago Y. Oliveira, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Charlotte Viant
Summary: Antibody responses increase in both affinity and diversity over time, with affinity maturation occurring in germinal centers through somatic mutation and selection. The process of diversification while undergoing affinity maturation is not well understood.
Article
Immunology
Mi-Seon Bang, Choon-Mee Kim, Nam-Hyuk Cho, Jun-Won Seo, Da Young Kim, Na Ra Yun, Dong-Min Kim
Summary: This study investigated the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients until 1 year after symptom onset. The results showed that the positivity rates for neutralizing antibodies were 58.1% at 1 week, 97.8% at 4 weeks, and 78% at 1 year after symptom onset. Critical/fatal cases had significantly higher antibody titers than asymptomatic or mild-to-moderate illness groups. The presence of neutralizing antibodies was shorter in the asymptomatic group, but they were still detectable in critical/fatal cases 1 year after symptom onset.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jiaqi Zhang, Shan Xing, Dan Liang, Wei Hu, Changwen Ke, Jinyong He, Runyu Yuan, Yile Huang, Yizhe Li, Dongdong Liu, Xuedong Zhang, Lin Li, Jianhua Lin, Weili Li, Xiangyun Teng, Yijun Liu, Wei Wen, Qiang Kang, Dawei Wang, Wanli Liu, Jianhua Xu
Summary: A study showed that 90.7% of vaccinated individuals had NAb seroconversion, with all participants who seroconverted after the first dose being females with relatively high prevaccine estradiol levels. Individuals without seroconversion tended to have lower lymphocyte counts and higher serum SAA levels. Additionally, young vaccine recipients had significantly higher peak NAb titers compared to elderly recipients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pratibha Tripathi, Rahul Uttam, Sandeep Kumar, Roman Dabrowski, Ravindra Dhar
Summary: This study examines the thermodynamic, dielectric, and electro-optical properties of a room temperature nematic liquid crystal mixed with surface-stabilized gold nanoparticles. The results show that the addition of nanoparticles decreases the transition temperature of the liquid crystal and enhances its dielectric anisotropy. The study also identifies a relaxation mode in the dielectric behavior, caused by the flip-flop motion of the nematic molecules.
Article
Telecommunications
Sandeep Kumar, Puspraj Singh Chauhan, Manpreet Kaur, Tarun Lata
Summary: This paper studies the effective capacity performance of a delay-sensitive communication system over a cascaded Rayleigh fading channel with arbitrary correlation. Closed-form mathematical expressions for the effective capacity are derived, and the effect of different fading parameters on the system's effective throughput is demonstrated.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Giuseppe Licari, Kyle P. Martin, Maureen Crames, Joseph Mozdzierz, Michael S. Marlow, Anne R. Karow-Zwick, Sandeep Kumar, Joschka Bauer
Summary: Adequate stability, manufacturability, and safety are crucial in bringing antibody-based biotherapeutics to the market. This study introduces a physicochemical description of 91 market-stage antibody-based biotherapeutics based on molecular properties of variable regions. The evaluation includes molecular dynamics simulations to assess conformational flexibility and the impact of different conditions on molecular interactions. A computational tool called DENIS is proposed to compare biotherapeutic candidates and predict their properties in aqueous environments.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Namita Das, Himadri Rajput, Ashraf Aly Hassan, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: This study tested five widely employed coagulants for the treatment of complex oilfield-generated produced water. The results showed that ferric chloride was the most efficient coagulant, removing 74.25% of total solids, with a treatment cost of USD 4 per m(-3) of produced water.
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ramesh Joga, Hitesh Kumar Behera, Chetan Dushant Sabanis, Simran Simran, Sandeep Kumar, Neeraj Kumar
Summary: Photoresponsive liposomes have the potential to become a non-invasive alternative to ELISA for detecting low levels of biomarkers. The US20210396744 patent application introduces novel liposomes that can detect target substances using light. However, ensuring stability and optimizing various parameters such as plasma stability and efficient loading of photosensitive components in the membrane will be crucial for the clinical success of this technology.
PHARMACEUTICAL PATENT ANALYST
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vanishree S. Bhat, Marichandran Vadivel, Dharmendra Pratap Singh, V. A. Raghunathan, Arun Roy, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: In this study, a series of novel nitrogen and oxygen-incorporated chromenonaphthophenanthridine-based elliptical dimers were synthesized through tandem Pictet-Spengler cyclization followed by ipso-aromatic substitution in one-pot. Their mesophase characteristics were characterized by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction studies. The photophysical properties were investigated using UV-vis and emission spectroscopy, and the charge transport properties were analyzed by time-of-flight measurements, with observed ambipolar mobilities of the order of 10(-3) cm(2) V-1 s(-1). These materials show promising potential for applications in organic electronics due to their high solubility, excellent thermal stability, self-organizing properties, and ambipolar charge transport characteristics.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dimpal Janu, Sandeep Kumar, Kuldeep Singh
Summary: GCN-CSS is a novel Graph Convolution Network-based cooperative spectrum sensing methodology that adapts to the dynamic changes in the Cognitive Radio Network. The proposed model is proven to be superior in different dynamic scenarios of the wireless environment through sufficient simulations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Khalid K. Almuzaini, Shalini Stalin, Sindhu P. Menon, Sandeep Kumar, Stephen Ojo, Prashant Kumar Shukla, Piyush Kumar Pareek, Piyush Kumar Shukla
Summary: In wireless sensor networks, the challenge lies in designing and managing the networks considering limited power, stringent bandwidth, dynamic topology, and high network density. The proposed IGRPSO protocol addresses these challenges by optimizing routing with minimal latency and a higher packet delivery ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saurabh Shah, Ramesh Joga, Tejaswini Kolipaka, Chetan Sabnis Dushyantrao, Pooja Khairnar, Vivek Phatale, Giriraj Pandey, Saurabh Srivastava, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: This article introduces the liquid crystalline phase, which has attracted global attention due to its intriguing properties. It enumerates the different classes of liquid crystals and focuses on lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs), which exhibit their liquid crystalline nature based on the surrounding solvent media. The article discusses the advantages of LLCs in drug delivery and tissue regeneration, fabrication techniques, and applications in novel therapeutic avenues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
T. Aravinda, Srilatha Rao, A. S. Sowmyashree, Ashwathanarayana Gowda, L. Parashuram, Kayim Pineda Urbina, Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: In this study, a metal-free phthalocyanine-based discotic liquid crystal (PcDLC) was tested for its corrosion inhibitory capacity on mild steel (MS) samples in 1.0 M HCl medium using potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance parameters. The PcDLC exhibited excellent corrosion inhibition with a maximum efficiency of 89.61%. The strong adsorption of PcDLC onto the MS surface was responsible for this superior ability. Scanning electron microscopy and FTIR confirmed the formation of a protective layer of inhibitors on the MS surface. Density function theory revealed a strong interaction between the inhibitor and surface iron atoms.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Monica L. Fernandez-Quintero, Anne Ljungars, Franz Waibl, Victor Greiff, Jan Terje Andersen, Torelif T. T. Gjolberg, Timothy P. P. Jenkins, Bjorn Gunnar Voldborg, Lise Marie Grav, Sandeep Kumar, Guy Georges, Hubert Kettenberger, Klaus R. R. Liedl, Peter M. M. Tessier, John McCafferty, Andreas H. H. Laustsen
Summary: Beyond potency, a good developability profile is essential for a biological drug. Early selection and screening for these attributes can save resources and avoid costly failures. This review highlights key developability properties, such as the source, biophysical and pharmacokinetic properties, and recombinant expression, and discusses methods for identifying molecules with liabilities and optimizing drug leads. The article also compares developability parameters for injectable and orally delivered biologics and provides an outlook on emerging trends in biologics development.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kyle P. P. Martin, Christine Grimaldi, Rolf Grempler, Steven Hansel, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: There is significant interest in antibody-based biotherapeutics due to their selectivity and desirable pharmacology. This study analyzed characteristics of 89 marketed antibody-based biotherapeutics approved between 1986 and mid-2020. The findings reveal major trends in their emergence as best-selling pharmaceuticals and provide insights for better drug discovery and development strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joschka Bauer, Nandhini Rajagopal, Priyanka Gupta, Pankaj Gupta, Andrew E. Nixon, Sandeep Kumar
Summary: Antibody-based biotherapeutics have encountered significant challenges and risks in their discovery and development, but have still emerged as successful pharmaceuticals. This review proposes the use of biopharmaceutical informatics, a conceptual framework that integrates computation and experimentation throughout the entire drug discovery process. The advancements in computational methods allow for better disease conceptualization, target identification, antibody design, and lead drug candidate optimization. By adopting biopharmaceutical informatics, affordable and effective biotherapeutics can be brought to patients more quickly.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sagar Vyavahare, Sandeep Kumar, Kathryn Smith, Bharati Mendhe, Roger Zhong, Marion A. Cooley, Babak Baban, Carlos M. Isales, Mark Hamrick, William Hill, Sadanand Fulzele
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that microRNA-141-3p plays a role in age-related pathologies. In this study, we inhibited miR-141-3p expression in aged mice and observed improved immune, bone, and muscle health. Treatment with Anti-miR-141-3p resulted in decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory immune cell populations, and improved bone microstructure and muscle fiber size. Molecular analysis revealed the role of miR-141-3p in regulating senescence and inflammation, as well as its potential crosstalk with FOXO-1 transcription factor. These findings suggest that inhibiting miR-141-3p may be a potential strategy for promoting healthy aging.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mohini Gharpure, Jie Chen, Resheek Nerella, Sagar Vyavahare, Sandeep Kumar, Carlos M. Isales, Mark Hamrick, Satish Adusumilli, Sadanand Fulzele
Summary: Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by decreased muscle mass, altered muscle composition, and reduced muscle strength, disproportionately affects males and females with age. This study identified differentially regulated genes in aged skeletal muscle from males and females, with 269 genes showing at least a twofold expression difference. Gene Ontology analysis revealed distinct pathways involved in aged female and male skeletal muscle, suggesting the potential for sex-specific therapeutic targets to combat sarcopenia and promote healthy aging.