Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dulce C. Macias-Ceja, Maria D. Barrachina, Dolores Ortiz-Masia
Summary: Chronic inflammation is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and leads to fibrosis. Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and deregulated autophagy is linked to fibrosis progression. Understanding the role of autophagy in fibrosis may provide new targets for antifibrotic therapy. This review focuses on the relevance of autophagy in fibrosis, with a special emphasis on IBD-related fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yang Zheng, Yang Yu, Xu-Feng Chen, Sheng-Lan Yang, Xiao-Long Tang, Zheng-Guo Xiang
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory disorders, with unclear mechanisms and lack of ideal treatments. Intestinal macrophage autophagy plays an important role in IBD, with potential implications for treatment by regulating inflammation and immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yue Li, Helen Ka Wai Law
Summary: This review summarizes the role of autophagy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the potential applications of autophagy markers in diagnosis and treatment. It also explores the interaction of autophagy with intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells, thereby influencing the inflammatory changes in IBD.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Bo-Zong Shao, Yi Yao, Jun-Shan Zhai, Jian-Hua Zhu, Jin-Ping Li, Kai Wu
Summary: IBD, including UC and CD, is an idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disease, where autophagy plays a vital role. Understanding the regulation of autophagy in IBD is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Giovanni Cirillo, Flor Negrete-Diaz, Daniela Yucuma, Assunta Virtuoso, Sohaib Ali Korai, Ciro De Luca, Eugenijus Kaniusas, Michele Papa, Fivos Panetsos
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for inflammatory bowel diseases. The interaction between the enteric and central nervous systems and the role of the vagus nerve in autoimmune diseases are highlighted. Neuroprosthetic stimulation of the vagus nerve, particularly transcutaneous stimulation of the auricular branch, has been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach for controlling intestinal inflammation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rocio Rivera Rodriguez, Jeremy James Johnson
Summary: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by intestinal inflammation. The incidence of IBD is rapidly increasing in newly developed countries, making it a global concern. Two major types of IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), have different manifestations and locations of inflammation in the digestive tract. Current FDA-approved treatments for IBD are only effective for 50% of patients and come with serious side effects, highlighting the need for safer and more effective therapies. Plant-based diets, such as the Mediterranean diet rich in anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, have shown benefits in preventing and improving symptoms of IBD. Terpenes, a class of phytochemicals abundant in Mediterranean herbs and citrus fruits, have been studied for their potential to modulate inflammatory signaling in IBD. However, there is still conflicting and inconclusive evidence regarding their effectiveness. This review evaluates preclinical studies on terpenes and their impact on basic inflammatory signaling in IBD.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wenxue Wang, Zhongjian Liu, Wei Yue, Ling Zhu, Huijie Zhong, Chao Yang, Tian He, Ping Wan, Jiawei Geng
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between bacteria and autophagy in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings suggest that UC patients exhibited more severe dysbiosis compared to CD patients, and CD patients showed greater transcriptional signaling activities of autophagy, ER stress, and bile acid production. The dominant and low-abundance bacteria were correlated with the autophagy signaling cascade. These observations highlight the importance of intestinal bacteria in IBD pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Isidora Simovic, Ida Hilmi, Ruey Terng Ng, Kee Seang Chew, Shin Yee Wong, Way Seah Lee, Stephen Riordan, Natalia Castano-Rodriguez
Summary: ATG16L1 rs2241880 is significantly associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD) and influences clinical outcomes, especially in Caucasian populations.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Shuo Yuan, Qi Wang, Jiao Li, Jia-Chen Xue, You Li, Huan Meng, Xiao-Ting Hou, Ji-Xing Nan, Qing-Gao Zhang
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease that poses a heavy burden on patients. Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula (CHMF) has advantages in IBD treatment due to its symptomatic approach. However, the multi-component and multi-target nature of CHMF makes it challenging to study its treatment of IBD.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anna M. Buchner, Yecheskel Schneider, Gary R. Lichtenstein
Summary: Biological therapy targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha has become crucial in treating patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but high costs limit accessibility. Biosimilars offer the potential to reduce expenditures and increase availability, providing more options for patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dandan Liu, Varma Saikam, Katie A. Skrada, Didier Merlin, Suri S. Iyer
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be diagnosed through endoscopy and biopsy. However, these methods are expensive and invasive, so alternative noninvasive biomarkers are being explored for disease management and prognosis.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mika Nakayama, Yuki Ozato, Yoshiko Tsuji, Yasuko Arao, Chihiro Otsuka, Yumiko Hamano, Genzo Sumi, Ken Ofusa, Shizuka Uchida, Andrea Vecchione, Hideshi Ishii
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa. Recent studies have shown the involvement of RNA modifications in the specific pathogenesis of IBD. RNA modification-targeting reagents have shown promising outcomes in treating colitis. Understanding RNA modifications in IBD could contribute to early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and innovative therapeutic approaches.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vishal Khatri, Ramaswamy Kalyanasundaram
Summary: This review focuses on the association between IBD and gut inflammasome, as well as recent advances in research and therapeutic strategies for IBD, discussing inflammasomes and their components, outcomes from experimental animals and human studies, inflammasome inhibitors, and developments in inflammasome-targeted therapies for IBD.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guihua Chen, Jun Shen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with high morbidity and medical costs. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for controlling its progression.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Linshan Duan, Shuyu Cheng, Long Li, Yanling Liu, Dan Wang, Guoyan Liu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammation caused by various factors, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis being the two major types. Most commonly used drugs for IBD have adverse reactions and limited long-term efficacy, leading to challenges in treating patients. Research suggests that natural compounds with anti-inflammatory activities could offer potential therapeutic strategies for IBD.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Silvio Danese, Marc Ferrante, Brian G. Feagan, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Toshifumi Hibi, William J. Sandborn, Stefan Schreiber, Timothy Ritter, Edward V. Loftus, Gerhard Rogler, Alessandra Oortwijn, Chohee Yun, Franck-Olivier Le Brun, Jason Dinoso, Jeremy Hsieh, Severine Vermeire
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and sustainability of filgotinib in treating moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients using the Mayo Clinic Score (pMCS) and patient-reported subscores. The results showed that treatment with filgotinib improved UC symptoms within 7 days and a higher proportion of patients achieved clinical remission at weeks 10 and 58.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marlene Schwarzfischer, Anna Niechcial, Kristina Handler, Yasser Morsy, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Andrea S. Laimbacher, Kirstin Atrott, Roberto Manzini, Katharina Baebler, Larissa Hering, Egle Katkeviciute, Janine Hafliger, Silvia Lang, Maja E. Keller, Jerome Woodtli, Lisa Eisenbeiss, Thomas Kraemer, Elisabeth M. Schraner, Mahesa Wiesendanger, Sebastian Zeissig, Gerhard Rogler, Andreas E. Moor, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the PTPN22 gene variation and food-grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results show that the ingestion of titanium dioxide nanoparticles makes mice carrying the PTPN22 variation susceptible to IBD and triggers severe intestinal inflammation. This demonstrates that environmental factors can interact with genetic risk variants and reverse a protective mechanism into a disease-promoting effect.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura J. Smith, Magdalena M. Bolsinger, Kai-Yin Chau, Matthew E. Gegg, Anthony H. Schapira
Summary: Sequence variants or mutations in the GBA gene are the most important risk factor for Parkinson's disease. This study characterizes the effects of the E326K variant in human cells and finds that it behaves differently compared to other common GBA mutations. However, lipid imbalance and alpha-synuclein pathology are still observed.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joana Torres, Maria Chaparro, Mette Julsgaard, Konstantinos Katsanos, Zuzana Zelinkova, Manasi Agrawal, Sandro Ardizzone, Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers, Gabriele Dragoni, Marc Ferrante, Gionata Fiorino, Emma Flanagan, Catarina Frias Gomes, Ailsa Hart, Charlotte Rose Hedin, Pascal Juillerat, Annemarie Mulders, Par Myrelid, Aoibhlinn O'Toole, Pauline Riviere, Michael Scharl, Christian Philipp Selinger, Elena Sonnenberg, Murat Toruner, Jantien Wieringa, C. Janneke Van der Woude
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam R. R. Smith, David M. M. Richards, Katie Lunnon, Anthony H. V. Schapira, Anna Migdalska-Richards
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common movement disorder, and mutations in the GBA1 gene are the most common genetic risk factor for PD. PD-GBA1 is distinct from idiopathic PD in terms of age of onset, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairment. This study found differences in DNA methylation levels of the SNCA gene between PD-GBA1 and idiopathic PD, suggesting the existence of different genetic subtypes within PD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Electra Brunialti, Alessandro Villa, Marco Toffoli, Sara Lucas Del Pozo, Nicoletta Rizzi, Clara Meda, Adriana Maggi, Anthony H. V. Schapira, Paolo Ciana
Summary: Microglia are heterogenous cells in the nervous system that have distinct populations contributing to specific processes, including neuroprotection. Our study found that male microglia tend to have a more pro-inflammatory phenotype, while female microglia are more sensitive to glucocerebrosidase inhibition. Furthermore, glucocerebrosidase inhibition impaired the ability of female microglia to enhance the Nrf2-dependent detoxification pathway in neurons.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Janine Hafliger, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Kirstin Atrott, Claudia Stanzel, Yasser Morsy, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Silvia Lang, Tomas Valenta, Konrad Basler, Gerhard Rogler, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: The loss of GP96 in the adult mice intestine leads to the degeneration of the stem cell niche, the eradication of the epithelial layer, and ultimately death. This is due to defects in Wnt and Notch signaling, as well as massive induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. GP96 also plays a critical role in regulating the renewal and differentiation of intestinal stem cells.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Audrey Kovatsch, Hanna Honcharova-Biletska, Daniel Segna, Klaus Steigmiller, Sena Bluemel, Rudolf A. Deibel, Tobias Kuehlewindt, Georg Leinenkugel, Sandra Mueller, Eva Furrer, Khoschy Schawkat, Caecilia S. Reiner, Achim Weber, Beat Muellhaupt, Michael Scharl, Christoph Gubler, Christoph Juengst
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of 2D-SWE assessed by the Canon Aplio i800 ultrasound system in liver fibrosis and compared it with traditional liver histology and transient elastography (TE). The results showed that 2D-SWE had good to excellent performance in diagnosing significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and its accuracy was comparable to TE. Therefore, the 2D-SWE system has a promising potential in the diagnostic workup of chronic liver disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anna Niechcial, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Marcin Wawrzyniak, Kirstin Atrott, Andrea Laimbacher, Yasser Morsy, Egle Katkeviciute, Janine Hafliger, Patrick Westermann, Cezmi A. Akdis, Michael Scharl, Marianne R. Spalinger
Summary: The study found that the polyamine spermidine can reduce intestinal inflammation by promoting the production of anti-inflammatory macrophages, maintaining a healthy gut microbiome, and preserving the integrity of the intestinal barrier, suggesting its potential therapeutic role in inflammatory bowel disease.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marianne Spalinger, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Anna Niechcial, Kirstin Atrott, Andrea Laimbacher, Paulin Jirkof, Michael Scharl
Summary: The use of analgesics in DSS-induced colitis models is currently discouraged due to potential interactions. However, this study found that tramadol and paracetamol can be viable options without interfering with colitis severity. Tramadol had minor effects on colitis, while paracetamol improved overall appearance. Metamizole, on the other hand, significantly reduced water uptake and caused weight loss.
LABORATORY ANIMALS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Schweckendiek, Dagmar Pauli, Michael Scharl
Summary: Eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, are potentially life-threatening with severe psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. The number of patients is expected to increase significantly in the post COVID-19 pandemic era. This article focuses on the gastroenterologic aspects and complications of eating disorders, rather than the psychiatric treatment. The role of gastroenterologists in managing these complications is crucial.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Barbara E. Stahli, Michael Scharl, Christian M. Matter
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Siegfried Karl Wagner, David Romero-Bascones, Mario Cortina-Borja, Dominic J. Williamson, Robbert R. Struyven, Yukun Zhou, Salil Patel, Rimona S. Weil, Chrystalina A. Antoniades, Eric J. Topol, Edward Korot, Paul J. Foster, Konstantinos Balaskas, Unai Ayala, Maitane Barrenechea, Inigo Gabilondo, Anthony H. V. Schapira, Anthony P. Khawaja, Praveen J. Patel, Jugnoo S. Rahi, Alastair K. Denniston, Axel Petzold, Pearse Andrew Keane
Summary: Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit reduced thickness of the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) of the retina. Changes in these layers occurring several years before clinical presentation highlight a potential role for retinal imaging in stratifying PD risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Perren, Moana Busch, Cordelia Schuler, Pedro A. Ruiz, Federica Foti, Nathalie Weibel, Cheryl de Valliere, Yasser Morsy, Klaus Seuwen, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: G-protein-coupled receptors OGR1 and TDAG8 play opposite roles in inflammatory bowel disease, with OGR1 deficiency reducing inflammation severity and TDAG8 deficiency increasing inflammation. These findings suggest the potential importance of OGR1 and TDAG8 as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cornelis Blauwendraat, Nahid Tayebi, Elizabeth Geena Woo, Grisel Lopez, Luca Fierro, Marco Toffoli, Naomi Limbachiya, Derralynn Hughes, Vanessa Pitz, Dhairya Patel, Dan Vitale, Mathew J. Koretsky, Dena Hernandez, Raquel Real, Roy N. Alcalay, Mike A. Nalls, Huw R. Morris, Anthony H. V. Schapira, Manisha Balwani, Ellen Sidransky
Summary: This study investigated the contribution of PD risk variants to risk for PD in patients with GD1. The results showed that patients with GD1 who developed PD had a significantly higher PD genetic risk score than those without PD. This suggests that common risk variants may affect underlying biological pathways.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)