Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily K. Sims, Rachel E. J. Besser, Colin Dayan, Cristy Geno Rasmussen, Carla Greenbaum, Kurt J. Griffin, William Hagopian, Mikael Knip, Anna E. Long, Frank Martin, Chantal Mathieu, Marian Rewers, Andrea K. Steck, John M. Wentworth, Stephen S. Rich, Olga Kordonouri, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, Kevan C. Herold
Summary: Most screening programs for type 1 diabetes identify individuals at risk through relatives, but many patients don't have a family history. Recent advancements in disease-modifying therapies have sparked interest in population screening. Existing programs rely on genetic or autoantibody screening, which have provided valuable insights into disease progression and screening timing.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sarah C. Shuck, Peter Achenbach, Bart O. Roep, John S. Termini, Carlos Hernandez-Castillo, Christiane Winkler, Andreas Weiss, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler
Summary: The study found that serum levels of MG-AGEs were associated with the rate of progression to stage 3 type 1 diabetes, with lower levels increasing the risk of progression. This provides a potential new clinical biomarker for determining the rate of disease progression and points to contributing metabolic pathways.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Malin Belteky, Patricia L. Milletich, Angelica P. Ahrens, Eric W. Triplett, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: This study identified gut microbial biomarkers in 1-year-old infants that are associated with the development of type 1 diabetes up to 20 years before diagnosis. The presence of these biomarkers suggests the potential for early prevention of the disease by promoting a healthy gut microbiome.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kan Wang, Fariba Ahmadizar, Sven Geurts, Banafsheh Arshi, Jan A. Kors, Dimitris Rizopoulos, Eric J. G. Sijbrands, M. Arfan Ikram, Maryam Kavousi
Summary: This study examined the association between the longitudinal evolution of heart rate variability (HRV) and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The results showed that an increase in heart rate and a decrease in HRV were independently associated with the incidence of T2D, especially among younger individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sara Sokooti, Wendy A. Dam, Tamas Szili-Torok, Jolein Gloerich, Alain J. van Gool, Adrian Post, Martin H. de Borst, Ron T. Gansevoort, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Stephan J. L. Bakker
Summary: Fasting proinsulin levels can serve as a marker of beta-cell dysfunction and predict the development of type 2 diabetes. Hypertension and kidney dysfunction are closely associated with this relationship.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. David Leslie, Carmella Evans-Molina, Jacquelyn Freund-Brown, Raffaella Buzzetti, Dana Dabelea, Kathleen M. Gillespie, Robin Goland, Angus G. Jones, Mark Kacher, Lawrence S. Phillips, Olov Rolandsson, Jana L. Wardian, Jessica L. Dunne
Summary: Recent epidemiological data indicates that over half of new cases of type 1 diabetes occur in adults. Key genetic, immune, and metabolic differences are present between adult-onset and childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, many of which remain poorly understood.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Taiyu Zhu, Chukwuma Uduku, Kezhi Li, Pau Herrero, Nick Oliver, Pantelis Georgiou
Summary: This study conducted a six-week longitudinal study on T1D patients and identified significant associations between various physiological measurements and hypo- and hyperglycemic events. They developed a smartphone-based platform called ARISES that utilizes multi-modal data to predict glucose levels and hypo- and hyperglycemia.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tamas Szili-Torok, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Uwe J. F. Tietge
Summary: A study found that increased levels of triglycerides, even within the normal range, are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in healthy individuals. This suggests the importance of lowering triglyceride levels for diabetes prevention and encourages lifestyle changes in the general population.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna W. M. Janssen, Rinke Stienstra, Martin Jaeger, Alain J. van Gool, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Niels P. Riksen, Cees J. Tack
Summary: Patients with type 1 diabetes demonstrate significantly lower cytokine production in response to stimulation with various pathogens, which may partly explain their increased susceptibility to infections. Shorter duration of diabetes and older age are associated with decreased cytokine production after pathogenic stimulation.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D. Mastrandrea, Lucy S. K. Walker
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and individuals with this disease rely on insulin for survival. Despite advancements, the burden of this disease remains high. Research shows that blocking the immune attack on beta cells holds promise in preserving endogenous insulin production.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea, Juan Patricio Nogueira, Maria V. Pinzon-Fernandez, Valentina Agredo-Delgado, Hernando David Vargas-Sierra
Summary: Vitamin B12 is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous systems. The prevalence of B12 deficiency ranges between 2.9% and 35% in population studies. This study aimed to determine the B12 status in southwestern Colombia and among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overall, the prevalence of B12 deficiency was 17.8%, with higher rates in T2DM subjects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofia Gearty, Friederike Dundar, Paul Zumbo, Gabriel Espinosa-Carrasco, Mojdeh Shakiba, Francisco J. Sanchez-Rivera, Nicholas D. Socci, Prerak Trivedi, Scott W. Lowe, Peter Lauer, Neeman Mohibullah, Agnes Viale, Teresa P. DiLorenzo, Doron Betel, Andrea Schietinger
Summary: CD8 T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases are caused by the breakdown of self-tolerance mechanisms. This study identified a stem-like autoimmune progenitor population in the pancreatic draining lymph node, which continuously produces autoimmune mediators that migrate to the pancreas and destroy beta-cells. Strategies targeting this autoimmune progenitor pool could emerge as novel immunotherapeutic interventions for type 1 diabetes.
Review
Pediatrics
Rachel Elizabeth Jane Besser, Sze May Ng, John W. Gregory, Colin M. Dayan, Tabitha Randell, Timothy Barrett
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting children, with early screening offering the potential to prevent complications like diabetic ketoacidosis and provide opportunities for new treatments. Despite genetic risks, the majority of children with T1D do not have a family history, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention strategies.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colin M. Dayan, Rachel E. J. Besser, Richard A. Oram, William Hagopian, Manu Vatish, Owen Bendor-Samuel, Matthew D. Snape, John A. Todd
Summary: Recent studies have shown that monitoring pancreatic islet autoantibodies and genetic risk assessment can identify most children who will develop T1D, with immunotherapy and primary prevention methods showing success in delaying disease progression. By shifting focus towards early diagnosis and b cell preservation, a future without daily insulin injections for children with T1D is anticipated.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thaddaeus Toennies, Ralph Brinks, Scott Isom, Dana Dabelea, Jasmin Divers, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Jean M. Lawrence, Catherine Pihoker, Lawrence Dolan, Angela D. Liese, Sharon H. Saydah, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Annika Hoyer, Giuseppina Imperatore
Summary: Using a mathematical model and data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study, this research projects the future prevalence and number of youths with diabetes in the U.S. till 2060, as well as trends in racial and ethnic disparities. The results show that the number of youths with diabetes is likely to increase substantially, with the highest prevalence among non-Hispanic Black youth, emphasizing the importance of prevention and control measures.