Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yirui He, Cheng Zhang, Yong Luo, Jinhua Chen, Mengliu Yang, Ling Li, Harvest F. Gu, Gangyi Yang, Xianxiang Zhang
Summary: The study showed that overexpression of BMP9 in the hypothalamus can reduce food intake, body weight, and blood glucose levels, increase energy expenditure in HFD-fed mice, and improve hepatic insulin sensitivity. The research revealed that BMP9 improves hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin resistance by activating the mTOR/PI3K/Akt pathway in the hypothalamus.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yinqiong Huang, Qinyu Liu, Guifeng Huang, Junping Wen, Gang Chen
Summary: Stress affects energy metabolism and reproduction through the glucocorticoid receptor on Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamus, leading to weight loss and negative changes in reproductive function.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tal Israeli, Yael Riahi, Perla Garzon, Ruy Andrade Louzada, Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro, Manuel Blandino-Rosano, Roni Yeroslaviz-Stolper, Liat Kadosh, Sharona Tornovsky-Babeay, Gilad Hacker, Nitzan Israeli, Orly Agmon, Boaz Tirosh, Erol Cerasi, Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi, Gil Leibowitz
Summary: The regulation of autophagy in beta-cells by mTORC1 plays a crucial role in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Fasting inhibits mTORC1 and stimulates autophagy to maintain low insulin levels and prevent hypoglycemia. However, elevated leucine and glucose levels activate mTORC1 and inhibit autophagy, which may contribute to hyper-insulinemia commonly observed in obesity.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan, Eva Novoa, Natalia da Silva Lima, Amaia Rodriguez, Christelle Veyrat-Durebex, Samuel Seoane, Begona Porteiro, Marcos F. Fondevila, Uxia Fernandez, Marta Varela-Rey, Ana Senra, Cristina Iglesias, Adriana Escudero, Miguel Fidalgo, Diana Guallar, Roman Perez-Fernandez, Vincent Prevot, Markus Schwaninger, Miguel Lopez, Carlos Dieguez, Roberto Coppari, Gema Fruhbeck, Ruben Nogueiras
Summary: The transcription factor p63 plays a key role in glucose metabolism by regulating SIRT1 and affecting blood glucose levels, thus influencing glucose homeostasis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ruxin Gao, Yue Li, Zhimeng Xu, Feng Zhang, Jia Xu, Yanzhou Hu, Jingya Yin, Kun Yang, Lei Sun, Qi Wang, Xiaoyun He, Kunlun Huang
Summary: In this study, it was found that hepatic lipid deposition in NAFLD patients is positively correlated with MPC1 expression. MPC1 knockout can reduce hepatic lipid accumulation through lactylation-mediated regulation of fatty acid synthase activity. Moreover, MPC1 knockout can also control inflammation levels through mitochondrial protection and macrophage polarization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Taichi Nagahisa, Shintaro Yamaguchi, Shotaro Kosugi, Koichiro Homma, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Junichiro Irie, Jun Yoshino, Hiroshi Itoh
Summary: Obesity is associated with disruptions in incretin production and whole-body glucose metabolism, and NAMPT plays a critical role in obesity-related intestinal pathophysiology and systemic metabolic complications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bandish Kapadia, Soma Behera, Sireesh T. Kumar, Tapan Shah, Rebecca Kristina Edwin, Phanithi Prakash Babu, Partha Chakrabarti, Kishore V. L. Parsa, Parimal Misra
Summary: This study found that PIMT expression was upregulated in the livers of short-term fasted and obese mice. Modulating PIMT directly affected gluconeogenic gene expression and hepatic glucose output. Further investigations revealed that PKA regulated PIMT through phosphorylation and enhanced translation of TGS1 mRNA, thus promoting gluconeogenesis.
Article
Fisheries
Chuanpeng Zhou, Zhong Huang, Heizhao Lin, Jun Wang, Yun Wang, Wei Yu
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of dietary leucine on insulin signaling pathway, glucose metabolism, and lipogenesis in juvenile golden pompano. Results showed that optimal level of leucine activated the insulin signaling pathway and enhanced glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis, while excessive leucine led to hyperglycemia by reducing insulin signaling pathway and improving gluconeogenesis.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Erika Monelli, Pilar Villacampa, Amaia Zabala-Letona, Anabel Martinez-Romero, Judith Llena, Daniel Beiroa, Leonor Gouveia, Inigo Chivite, Sebastian Zagmutt, Pau Gama-Perez, Oscar Osorio-Conles, Laia Muixi, Ainara Martinez-Gonzalez, Sandra D. Castillo, Natalia Martin-Martin, Pau Castel, Lorea Valcarcel-Jimenez, Irene Garcia-Gonzalez, Josep A. Villena, Sonia Fernandez-Ruiz, Dolors Serra, Laura Herrero, Rui Benedito, Pablo Garcia-Roves, Josep Vidal, Paul Cohen, Ruben Nogueiras, Marc Claret, Arkaitz Carracedo, Mariona Graupera
Summary: Reciprocal interactions between endothelial cells and adipocytes play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of adipose tissue. The production of polyamines in endothelial cells stimulates adipocyte lipolysis and regulates adipose tissue homeostasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Luengo-Mateos, Antia Gonzalez-Vila, Nathalia Romanelli Vicente Dragano, Nataliia Ohinska, Maria Silveira-Loureiro, Marco Gonzalez-Dominguez, Anxela Estevez-Salguero, Paula Novelle-Rodriguez, Miguel Lopez, Olga Barca-Mayo
Summary: Here, we show that hypothalamic astrocytic BMAL1 plays a role in computing cyclic metabolic information for optimizing energetic resources in a sexually dimorphic manner. Knockdown of BMAL1 in female astrocytes leads to negative energy balance and alters basal metabolic cycles without affecting circadian locomotor activity. Furthermore, female mice with BMAL1 knockdown in astrocytes exhibit a male-like metabolic obese phenotype when fed a high-fat diet. These findings highlight the importance of astrocytic BMAL1 in the regulation of energy homeostasis and its potential implications in the physiopathology of obesity and related comorbidities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mobina Alemi, Angela Oliveira, Sofia C. Tavares, Jose Ricardo Vieira, Marco G. Alves, Pedro F. Oliveira, Isabel Cardoso
Summary: TTR haploinsufficiency (TTR+/-) leads to elevated glucose levels in plasma and primary hepatocyte culture media, as well as reduced expression of glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4. TTR also increases mitochondrial density in the liver and protects against mitochondrial oxidative stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beth A. Griesel, Satoshi Matsuzaki, Albert Batushansky, Timothy M. Griffin, Kenneth M. Humphries, Ann Louise Olson
Summary: This study using 3T3-L1 adipocytes as a model system found that an increase in glucose uptake during the first 3 days of differentiation promoted the expansion of the adipocyte metabolome and proteome. The positive effects were specifically due to increased expression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), highlighting its critical role in regulating cellular metabolic remodeling for adipocyte differentiation and maturation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dan Chen, Yong Qi, Jia Zhang, Yunlei Yang
Summary: This study reveals the role of astrocytes in regulating adipose sympathetic nerve activity and adipocyte functions, showing that astrocyte stimulation can increase sympathetic activity and promote lipolysis. Additionally, the study found that astrocyte stimulation excites POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus, which could be a potential target for obesity treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yan-Feng Yang, Peng-Hu Wei, Fei Meng, Yang An, Xiao-Tong Fan, Yi-He Wang, Di Wang, Lian-Kun Ren, Yong-Zhi Shan, Guo-Guang Zhao
Summary: The study identified three metabolic patterns in the extra-hypothalamic cortex of hypothalamic hamartoma patients, with the final cortical hypometabolic pattern depending on the neuroanatomical location of the HH mass. The third pattern with the most extensive cortical hypometabolism was associated with a poorer prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katrin Panzitt, Martin Wagner
Summary: The liver serves as a central metabolic hub that coordinates nutritional inputs and metabolic outputs. FXR in the liver and intestine plays a crucial role in regulating postprandial nutrient disposal. Aside from classical roles, FXR also has effects on amino acid, protein metabolism, autophagic turnover, and inflammation, which are less studied. Additionally, understanding of how FXR signaling is affected by posttranslational modifications and different isoforms is important for potential pharmaceutical targeting in clinical applications.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)