Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matt Friedman
Summary: Scarce evidence suggests that important evolutionary developments for jawed vertebrates may have taken place during or prior to the Silurian period. Fossil discoveries unveil insights into this particular interval.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
You-an Zhu, Qiang Li, Jing Lu, Yang Chen, Jianhua Wang, Zhikun Gai, Wenjin Zhao, Guangbiao Wei, Yilun Yu, Per E. Ahlberg, Min Zhu
Summary: Molecular studies suggest that jawed vertebrates originated no later than the Late Ordovician period. Newly discovered fossils from the early Silurian provide important insights into the early diversification of jawed vertebrates.
Article
Biology
Yajing Wang, Min Zhu
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive description of the squamation and scale morphology of a primitive taxon of Antiarcha, Parayunnanolepis xitunensis, based on the virtual restoration of an articulated specimen using X-ray computed tomography. The study also describes the histological structure of yunnanolepidoid scales for the first time. The results suggest that the high regionalization of squamation and the bipartite histological structure of scales might be primitive features for antiarchs and jawed vertebrates in general.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabateeshan Mathavarajah, Kathleen L. Vergunst, Elias B. Habib, Shelby K. Williams, Raymond He, Maria Maliougina, Mika Park, Jayme Salsman, Stephane Roy, Ingo Braasch, Andrew J. Roger, David N. Langelaan, Graham Dellaire
Summary: We have discovered that the PML gene and novel PML-like DEDDh exonucleases play a vital role in maintaining genome stability by restricting L1 retrotransposition in jawed vertebrates. Unlike mammalian PML proteins that form nuclear bodies, the PML ortholog in spotted gar and related fish proteins function as cytoplasmic DEDDh exonucleases. In addition, we identified Plex9 genes in teleost fishes that encode exonucleases similar to TREX1. These proteins not only suppressed L1 retrotransposition but also complemented TREX1 knockout in mammalian cells.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Christine Hirschberger, J. Andrew Gillis
Summary: Research demonstrates that the pseudobranch actually originates from the mandibular arch, and shares similar gene expression features and cell types with gills. This finding supports the serial homology of the pseudobranch and gills, and reveals the ancestral origin of gill arch-like anatomical features from the gnathostome mandibular arch.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marie-Paule Lefranc, Gerard Lefranc
Summary: IMGT (R) is an international immunogenetics information system that facilitates the study of adaptive immune responses. It provides standardized nomenclature for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes and offers databases and tools for sequence, gene, and structure analysis.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhaohui Pan, Zhibin Niu, Zumin Xian, Min Zhu
Summary: Antiarcha data are crucial for quantitative studies of basal jawed vertebrates. The lack of structured data on key groups of early vertebrates, such as Antiarcha, has hindered our understanding of their diversity and distribution patterns. This study presents an unprecedented open-access Antiarcha dataset, including 60 genera and 6025 specimens spanning from the Ludfordian to the Famennian globally. The dataset, curated by an expert team, offers great research potential in testing qualitative hypotheses on biodiversity changes, spatiotemporal distribution, evolution, and community composition.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William J. Deakin, Philip S. L. Anderson, Wendy den Boer, Thomas J. Smith, Jennifer J. Hill, Martin Rucklin, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Emily J. Rayfield
Summary: The study shows that the earliest jaw shapes were optimized for fast closure and stress resistance, indicating a predatory feeding function. As jawed vertebrates evolved, the optimization of jaw shapes for these functions decreased over time. This continual exploration of previously unoccupied morphospace laid the foundation for diverse feeding strategies and the success of jawed vertebrates.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nicolas Leurs, Camille Martinand-Mari, Stephanie Venteo, Tatjana Haitina, Melanie Debiais-Thibaud
Summary: The study found that there are three genes (Mgp1, Mgp2, and Bgp) in cartilaginous fishes, instead of the previously reported single Mgp gene. This indicates a dynamic evolutionary scenario for the Mgp/Bgp gene family, including several events of local duplications and translocation events. The research also revealed the expression patterns of Mgp1, Mgp2, and Bgp in cartilaginous fishes, highlighting ancestral and derived features compared to bony vertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
David Marjanovic
Summary: Molecular divergence dating can help overcome the incompleteness of the fossil record, but it needs to be calibrated by fossil data. The current calibration dates cannot be relied on from published compendia or other secondary sources as they quickly become outdated.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Adrian Garcia-Concejo, Dan Larhammar
Summary: PKC, one of the earliest identified kinases in human cells, forms a family of kinases that respond to various signaling molecules with diverse functions. Evolutionary analysis reveals a vertebrate predecessor with five PKC genes, leading to a total of 21 genes in jawed vertebrates due to genome doublings. The genome duplications account for the complexity of the PKC gene family in jawed vertebrates and greatly impact their evolution.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel Ocampo Daza, Christina A. Bergqvist, Dan Larhammar
Summary: This study provides a parsimonious explanation for the origin of the OTR/VTR gene family, based on phylogenetic and chromosomal conserved synteny analyses. The findings suggest a chromosome quadruplication event associated with whole-genome duplications early in vertebrate evolution, prior to the radiation of jawed vertebrates. The evolution of the OTR/VTR gene family can be explained by two whole-genome duplications followed by differential gene losses of VTR2 genes in different lineages.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Diyan Li, Mengnan He, Qianzi Tang, Shilin Tian, Jiaman Zhang, Yan Li, Danyang Wang, Long Jin, Chunyou Ning, Wei Zhu, Silu Hu, Keren Long, Jideng Ma, Jing Liu, Zhihua Zhang, Mingzhou Li
Summary: The three-dimensional architecture of the genome plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation and conservation across species. This study compares the 3D genomes of fish, chickens, and 10 mammalian species, and reveals that genome size and chromosome length influence the higher hierarchical organization of the genome, while local transcriptional availability is selected through vertebrate evolution. Additionally, conservation of topologically associating domains is associated with modularity of expression profiles, and LINE and SINE transposable elements contribute to heterochromatin and euchromatin organization during genome evolution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zicong Zhang, Atsuhiro Sakuma, Shigehiro Kuraku, Masato Nikaido
Summary: The vomeronasal type 2 receptor (V2R) multigene family is found in a wide range of jawed vertebrates. This study analyzed V2Rs in different species and found that basal ray-finned fish have a higher number of V2Rs compared to cartilaginous fish. This suggests that the V2R gene repertoire expanded in the common ancestor of ray-finned fish. Furthermore, the presence of both fish-type and tetrapod-type V2Rs in basal ray-finned fish indicates that tetrapod-type V2Rs were present in their underwater ancestor. This unexpected diversity of V2Rs in basal ray-finned fish provides insights into the olfactory adaptation of ancestral vertebrates from water to land.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melanie de Almeida, Matthias Hinterndorfer, Hanna Brunner, Irina Grishkovskaya, Kashish Singh, Alexander Schleiffer, Julian Jude, Sumit Deswal, Robert Kalis, Milica Vunjak, Thomas Lendl, Richard Imre, Elisabeth Roitinger, Tobias Neumann, Susanne Kandolf, Michael Schutzbier, Karl Mechtler, Gijs A. Versteeg, David Haselbach, Johannes Zuber
Summary: Protein expression and turnover are controlled by a complex interplay of gene regulatory mechanisms. The study identified AKIRIN2 as an essential factor for nuclear protein degradation, showing that it forms homodimers to bind to proteasomes for nuclear import during mitosis. This study reveals a dedicated pathway for proteasome nuclear import in vertebrates and establishes an approach to decipher regulators in cellular processes.
Article
Fisheries
Ratiporn Thongsoi, Siriluk Maskaew, Panumas Puechpon, Benjaporn Noppradit, Napassawan Inaek, Prapaporn Utarabhand, Phanthipha Runsaeng
Summary: In this study, a PPAE gene called FmPPAE1 was cloned and analyzed in banana shrimp. FmPPAE1 plays a vital role in regulating the proPO system, exhibits antibacterial properties, and contributes to the suppression of bacterial proliferation.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Jishuang Tan, Paizelaiti Sahaer, Huan Li, Wei Han, Hongyan Sun
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNA) are involved in gene expression and affect cellular processes such as transcription, splicing, and translation by interacting with microRNA and RNA binding proteins. A study identified circDNAJB6 as a circular RNA abundant in chicken macrophages after bacterial infection, and found that circDNAJB6 exacerbates cellular injury and interacts with multiple miRNAs and target genes, potentially impacting autophagy and MAPK signaling pathways.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Rodrigo Guabiraba, Damaris Ribeiro Rodrigues, Paul T. Manna, Melanie Chollot, Vincent Saint-Martin, Sascha Trapp, Marisa Oliveira, Clare E. Bryant, Brian J. Ferguson
Summary: The innate immune response relies on the ability of host cells to detect and respond to microbial nucleic acids. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in this process by distinguishing self from non-self. This study focused on TLR21, an avian TLR that recognizes bacterial DNA motifs. The findings suggest that avian TLR21 shares similar activation mechanisms to mammalian TLR9, highlighting the conservation of nucleic acid sensing mechanisms across species.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Safieh Zeinali, Kate Sutton, Lonneke Vervelde
Summary: Chickens have a unique immune structure characterized by the absence of draining lymph nodes and the presence of well-developed mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. The structure and development of chicken lymphoid tissues in the intestine, particularly Peyer's patches, have been poorly studied. However, the use of CSF1R-eGFP reporter transgenic chickens has allowed for the visualization and investigation of the development and distribution of these tissues. This research provides insights that could benefit mucosal vaccination strategies and the development of targeted vaccine delivery systems.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Retraction
Fisheries
G. -g. Li, Z. -z. Guo, X. -f. Ma, N. Cao, S. -n. Geng, Y. -q. Zheng, M. -j. Meng, H. -h. Lin, G. Han, G. -j. Du
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Jinyue Yang, Peng Zhou, Wanrong Wu, Qingxiang Zhang, Dong Chen, Rui Luo
Summary: This study cloned and characterized the full-length sequence of duck MRE11 (duMRE11) for the first time, and found that this protein plays an important role in the innate immune response of ducks.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Mengjiao Guo, Jiaqi Zhang, Mingtao Li, Xiaorong Zhang, Yantao Wu
Summary: rNLRC3 negatively regulates the NF -KB signaling pathway induced by P. multocida in rabbits by inhibiting the activation of NF -KB, reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and interacting with rTRAF4 and rTRAF6. The NACHT-LRR domain is the functional domain of rNLRC3. These findings provide insights into the important role of rNLRC3 in combating P. multocida infection.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Yinan Li, Xingye Lian, Wenwen Yang, Jinyuan Leng, Jiejie Sun, Yu Liu, Siqi Fan, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
Summary: The DM9-containing protein CgDM9CP-7 plays an important role in the innate immune response of molluscs. It is constitutively expressed in various tissues and is up-regulated in haemocytes after stimulation by Vibrio splendidus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CgDM9CP-7 binds to various pathogens and exhibits antimicrobial activity, while also regulating the expression of CgMyD88 and CgIL-17.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Xiuwen Bao, Haoran Song, Liying He, Yong Li, Shuqi Niu, Jinlin Guo
Summary: This study focuses on the interaction between Hepialus xiaojinensis larvae and Ophiocordyceps sinensis during the infection process. The results show that the infected third instar larvae enhance antioxidant defense ability, while the infected fourth instar larvae reduce this ability and allocate more energy to growth and development.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)