Article
Chemistry, Organic
Xiaoqing Lv, Shengjun Liu, Yu Guo, Lijiu Gao, Liming Zhao, Jinpeng Zhang, Liangce Rong
Summary: A metal-free Meerwein arylation reaction was developed for the synthesis of 2-(aryl/alkyl arylmethylene)malononitrile derivatives from aryl(alkyl)idenemalononitriles and diazonium salts under mild conditions. Unlike traditional addition reactions, this study used a coupling reaction to form C(sp(2))-C(sp(2)) bond arylation products. The radical reaction mechanism was confirmed through control experiments. The method has broad substrate scope and good group tolerance, and the obtained products can be easily converted into valuable asymmetric ketones and undergo hydrogenation reactions.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giuseppe Dilauro, Francesco Messa, Fabio Bona, Serena Perrone, Antonio Salomone
Summary: A simple cobalt complex, Co(phen)Cl₂, has been found to be a highly efficient and cost-effective precatalyst for various cross-coupling reactions involving aromatic and aliphatic organoaluminum reagents with aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl bromides. New C(sp²)-C(sp²) and C(sp²)-C(sp³) bonds can be formed in good to excellent yields and high chemoselectivity under mild reaction conditions.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ramesh Bhawar, Suresh Saini, Kiran S. Patil, D. H. Nagaraju, Shubhankar Kumar Bose
Summary: A recyclable protocol using CeO2-nanorod catalyst for the borylation of alkyl halides with B2pin2 is reported. The catalyst showed broad utility and functional group tolerance, and could be reused up to six times without significant loss of activity.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxim Oshchepkov, Leonid Kovalenko, Antonida Kalistratova, Maria Ivanova, Galina Sherstyanykh, Polina Dudina, Alexey Antonov, Anastasia Cherkasova, Mikhail Akimov
Summary: In this research, a set of cytokinine analogs were synthesized and their anti-proliferative activity and cytoprotective properties were evaluated. The results showed that certain aryl carbamates possess selective anti-cancer effects and can counteract the cytotoxicity of CoCl2.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lumin Zhang, Bethany M. DeMuynck, Alyson N. Paneque, Joy E. Rutherford, David A. Nagib
Summary: Carbenes, highly reactive intermediates, are successfully generated from common aldehydes via stable alpha-acyloxy halide intermediates, enabling diverse and valuable chemistry reactions. This strategy utilizes zinc carbenoids and earth-abundant metal salts as catalysts to achieve safe and selective carbene additions to sigma and pi bonds.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Xiaojing Xu, Huan Luo, Jiayi Shen, Jing Chen, Jie Ye, Ze-Feng Xu, Chuan-Ying Li
Summary: Valuable piperidin-4-one derivatives were synthesized efficiently via an α-imino carbene-initiated cascade reaction, demonstrating excellent alkyl migration selectivity facilitated by 2-bromoethyl neighboring group participation. This protocol is characterized by high efficiency, excellent migrating selectivity, broad substrate scope, and convenient one-pot procedure, making it an effective tool for piperidine derivative synthesis. The migration-annulation reaction of α-imino carbene presents a powerful strategy for heterocycle construction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert W. Pipal, Kenneth T. Stout, Patricia Z. Musacchio, Sumei Ren, Thomas J. A. Graham, Stefan Verhoog, Liza Gantert, Talakad G. Lohith, Alexander Schmitz, Hsiaoju S. Lee, David Hesk, Eric D. Hostetler, Ian W. Davies, David W. C. MacMillan
Summary: By utilizing a versatile and rapid metallaphotoredox-catalysed method, both tritium and carbon-11 can be efficiently introduced into pharmaceutical precursors bearing aryl and alkyl bromides, simplifying the synthesis of radioligands and expanding their applicability. This technique has direct utility for preclinical PET imaging and translation to automated radiosynthesis, demonstrating its potential for routine radiotracer production in human clinical imaging.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Przemyslaw Zareba, Pawel Sliwa, Grzegorz Satala, Pawel Zajdel, Gniewomir Latacz, Jolanta Jaskowska
Summary: 5-HT1A receptors are important biological targets for CNS diseases. This study focused on increasing receptor selectivity by designing a new group of urea derivatives. The ligand 6f, with reduced basicity, maintained affinity for 5-HT1A receptors while showing increased selectivity. The study also characterized the basic ADME-Tox parameters of 6f, confirming its potential applicability in pharmacotherapy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Kosho Makino, Kumi Tozawa, Yuki Tanaka, Akiko Inagaki, Hidetsugu Tabata, Tetsuta Oshitari, Hideaki Natsugari, Hideyo Takahashi
Summary: The study revealed that the photoracemization reaction of chiral alkyl aryl sulfoxides is extremely fast and influenced by various substitution patterns. However, chiral sulfoxides with easily oxidizable functional groups are not suitable for this photo-isomerization.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanjun Li, Ziqi Ye, Yu-Mei Lin, Yan Liu, Yumeng Zhang, Lei Gong
Summary: The development of a photochemical system using an aryl-amine-based photocatalyst and a common disulfide co-catalyst enables efficient deuteration of various organic chlorides at room temperature in air. This environmentally-friendly method allows for site-selective labeling and direct exchange of drug molecules.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Karen de la Vega-Hernandez, Fabrice Chemla, Franck Ferreira, Olivier Jackowski, Alejandro Perez-Luna
Summary: The stereoselective germylzincation of internal alkynes delivering trisubstituted vinylgermanes is achieved via a radical chain process, showing excellent regiocontrol for nonsymmetric substrates. Additionally, the germylzincation reaction can be combined with the Cu(I)-mediated electrophilic substitution of the C(sp(2))-Zn bond to obtain synthetically challenging tetrasubstituted vinylgermanes.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Swantje Lerch, Stefan Fritsch, Thomas Strassner
Summary: We have developed a robust catalyst system for the Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene derivatives in tunable aryl alkyl ionic liquids (TAAILs), by optimizing the metal salt, reaction conditions, and ionic liquids. This system tolerates different electron-rich substrates under ambient atmosphere and allows for a multigram scale.
BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Runqing Zhu, Qianqian Sun, Jing Li, Luohao Li, Qinghe Gao, Yakun Wang, Lizhen Fang
Summary: Selective hydroxylation of alkyl aryl ethers has been established using a ruthenium(ii) catalyst, hypervalent iodine(iii), and trifluoroacetic anhydride via a radical mechanism. This method is tolerant of a wide range of substrates and provides a facile and efficient way to synthesize clinical drugs on a gram scale.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liang Yan, Manoj K. Jana, Peter C. Sercel, David B. Mitzi, Wei You
Summary: The study presents a new type of 2D hybrid perovskites with a unique combination of chirality and alkyl-aryl functionality, determined by noncovalent intermolecular interactions in their crystal structures. The mixed-cation perovskites exhibit a circular dichroism distinct from purely chiral cation analogues, providing a new avenue for tuning the chiroptical properties of known chiral perovskites. Mixing chiral cations with achiral cations may offer a potential way to tailor the spin-based properties in 2D hybrid perovskites.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Anton A. Gladkov, Vitalij V. Levin, Alexander D. Dilman
Summary: The reaction between organozinc reagents and unactivated imines is enhanced under blue light irradiation in the presence of a photocatalyst. The coordination between Lewis acidic zinc iodide and the imine plays a crucial role in improving reaction efficiency. This method can be carried out using alkyl iodides under Barbier conditions.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nyasha Allen, Lisa J. White, Jessica E. Boles, George T. Williams, Dominique F. Chu, Rebecca J. Ellaby, Helena J. Shepherd, Kendrick K. L. Ng, Laura R. Blackholly, Ben Wilson, Daniel P. Mulvihill, Jennifer R. Hiscock
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Jed H. Askew, David M. Pickup, Gareth O. Lloyd, Alan V. Chadwick, Helena J. Shepherd
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ludmila Leroy, Thiago M. Francisco, Helena J. Shepherd, Mark R. Warren, Lucy K. Saunders, David A. Shultz, Paul R. Raithby, Carlos B. Pinheiro
Summary: In this study, single crystal X-ray diffraction was used to observe light-induced VT in the solid state, and controlled use of hard X-rays via attenuation was demonstrated to avoid X-ray-induced VT interconversion. High-yield light-induced VT in Co(diox)(2)(4-CN-py)(2) crystals illuminated with 450 nm light at 30 K was achieved, showing evidence of ls-CoIII to hsCoII interconversion. Such high-yield light-induced VT had never been experimentally observed in molecular crystals of cobalt tautomers before.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Sergii Shylin, Sergiu Shova, Helena J. Shepherd, Vadim Ksenofontov, Wolfgang Tremel, Il'ya A. Gural'skiy
Summary: We report on a molecular cationic iron(ii) complex with an incomplete spin crossover (SCO) behavior. The complex has an unusual disordered structure and a linear arrangement of ligand and water molecules, potentially accommodating up to four iron atoms. Through magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy, the thermal-induced SCO behavior of iron cations in the complex has been characterized.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lee T. Birchall, Giada Truccolo, Lewis Jackson, Helena J. Shepherd
Summary: In this study, co-crystallisation is proposed as a strategy for materials discovery in the field of switchable spin crossover (SCO) systems. By synthesising 11 new cocrystals using different dipyridyl coformers, the authors demonstrate that the supramolecular architecture and spin crossover behavior of the cocrystals can be modified through changing the coformer. This presents a rapid, facile, and highly modular tool for the discovery of new switchable materials, and has the potential for wider applicability in the design of hybrid multifunctional materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rhona F. Lonergan, Georgina A. Conway, Patrick W. Doheny, Helena J. Shepherd
Summary: In this study, accelerated aging reactions between two solid materials in the absence of solvent were utilized to synthesize spin-crossover-active coordination polymers and their Cu(II) analogues. The hygroscopicity of the ligands and the relative humidity of the reaction chamber were found to be crucial factors influencing the reaction rate. Deliquescence of the 4-aminotriazole ligand at high humidity and the diffusion of the ligand into the crystal of the metal salt during the reaction were observed. The formation of the product in the Cu analogue caused the deformation of the metal salt crystal and the formation of pseudocrystals with a fibrous structure.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dominic F. Brightwell, Giada Truccolo, Kushal Samanta, Elliott J. Fenn, Simon J. Holder, Helena J. Shepherd, Chris S. Hawes, Aniello Palma
Summary: The ability to use bio-inspired building blocks in the assembly of novel supramolecular frameworks is an exciting research field. In this study, the first polyproline helix that can self-assemble into a reversibly porous, crystalline supramolecular peptide framework (SPF) is presented. This framework is assembled from a short oligoproline, driven by hydrogen-bonding and dispersion interactions. Thermal activation, guest-induced dynamic porosity, and enantioselective guest inclusion have been demonstrated for this novel system. The principles of self-assembly associated with this SPF can be used as a blueprint for the further development of helical peptide linkers in the rational design of SPFs and metal-peptide frameworks.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lee T. Birchall, Amber T. Raja, Lewis Jackson, Helena J. Shepherd
Summary: To improve strategies for spin-crossover material design, obtaining isostructural materials is crucial for developing and understanding structure-property relationships. In this study, we synthesized four isostructural cocrystal solvates using a specific complex and coformer. The spin-crossover properties of these materials were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and were found to be influenced by the hydrogen bond basicity of the anions and solvents present.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Dominic F. Brightwell, Giada Truccolo, Kushal Samanta, Helena J. Shepherd, Aniello Palma
Summary: The ability to rationally design biomaterials to form desired supramolecular constructs is a growing research field. In this study, we utilize the polyproline helix as a rigid and chiral ligand to design and synthesize supramolecular constructs. By specifically designing and functionalizing oligoproline tetramers, we demonstrate the tunability and predictability of supramolecular interactions to engineer the formation of peptide frameworks with varying properties.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Kira L. F. Hilton, Antonis A. Karamalegkos, Nyasha Allen, Lauren Gwynne, Bree Streather, Lisa J. White, Karen B. Baker, Samantha A. Henry, George T. Williams, Helena J. Shepherd, Mark Shepherd, Charlotte K. Hind, Mark J. Sutton, Toby A. Jenkins, Daniel P. Mulvihill, Jennifer M. A. Tullet, Marina Ezcurra, Jennifer R. Hiscock
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to human health. In this study, we investigated the hydrogelation properties and antimicrobial efficacy of fluorescent supramolecular self-associating amphiphiles against both planktonic and biofilm forms of MRSA. The toxicity of these amphiphiles against the multicellular model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was also examined to assess their potential for real-world applications. Material characterization techniques, including optical density plate reader assays, rheometry, and widefield fluorescence microscopy, were used to determine the structure and sol dependence of hydrogel formation.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Helena Shepherd
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jessica E. Boles, Rebecca J. Ellaby, Helena J. Shepherd, Jennifer R. Hiscock
Summary: Supramolecular self-associating amphiphiles (SSAs) demonstrate antimicrobial activity and can enhance the efficacy of a range of antimicrobial/therapeutic agents against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, depending on the order of agent addition. Physicochemical studies reveal how the presence of secondary molecular species affects the self-association events and resulting SSA aggregate structure.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sean W. Connolly, Rahul Tiwari, Simon J. Holder, Helena J. Shepherd
Summary: It was found in this study that the use of piperazine-based donor moieties can eliminate concentration dependence in photoswitching for DASAs, resulting in complete, rapid and reversible behavior even in chlorinated solvents. Structural data and computational studies revealed proton transfer to the terminal amine rather than the donor amine during isomerization. The improvement in photoswitching efficiency is attributed to differences in supramolecular association.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
William J. Gee, Helena J. Shepherd, Daniel M. Dawson, Sharon E. Ashbrook, Paul R. Raithby, Andrew D. Burrows
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Jed H. Askew, Helena J. Shepherd
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Vaibhav Bedi, Dipendu Mandal, Zahid Hussain, Shi-Ming Chen, Yile Wu, Zheng-Wang Qu, Stefan Grimme, Douglas W. Stephan
Summary: The reaction of (tBuO(2)CN)(2) with 9-BBN leads to the formation of a bicyclic heterocyclic compound, while its reactions with BF3 or [Et3Si][B(C6F5)(4)] result in the isolation of different compounds. Computational studies reveal that the steric and electronic properties of the Lewis acid are important in the formation of one of the compounds.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chisa Itoh, Haruka Yoshino, Taku Kitayama, Wataru Kosaka, Hitoshi Miyasaka
Summary: A new synthetic route for constructing functional paddlewheel diruthenium(II,II) complexes was developed, utilizing Schiff base condensation reactions. The attached Schiff base groups significantly affected the electronic states of the resulting complexes, as revealed by cyclic voltammetry and DFT calculations.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Danrui Ni, Haozhe Wang, Xianghan Xu, Weiwei Xie, Robert J. Cava
Summary: A layered rhombohedral polymorph of indium(iii) triiodide is synthesized at high pressure and temperature. It has an orange color, which is different from ambient pressure InI3, which has a monoclinic molecular structure and a light-yellow color.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Juan Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Raquel P. Herrera, M. Concepcion Gimeno
Summary: Gold(II) complexes have been less utilized in catalysis compared to their gold(I) and gold(III) counterparts. However, gold(II) complexes offer potential in homo-coupling and cross-coupling reactions, as they are more easily accessible through simplified oxidation and reduction processes. Gold(II) exhibits characteristics of both soft acid gold(I) and hard acid gold(III). This review explores the unique reactivity and potential applications of gold(II) species, highlighting their significance in catalytic transformations.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Nighat Yousuf, Yanping Ma, Qaiser Mahmood, Wenjuan Zhang, Yizhou Wang, Hassan Saeed, Wen-Hua Sun
Summary: In this study, a series of structurally rigid cyclooctyl-fused iminopyridine iron complexes were synthesized and used with methylaluminoxane for isoprene polymerization. The extent of steric hindrance of the ligand framework was found to significantly affect catalytic performance, with less hindrance leading to better activity and stability.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chenghao Song, Huiwei Du, Menglei Xu, Jie Yang, Xinyu Zhang, Jungan Wang, Yuanfang Zhang, Chengjun Gu, Rui Li, Tao Hong, Jingji Zhang, Jiangying Wang, Yongchun Ye
Summary: This study improves the performance of perovskite solar cells by using a dual-hole transport layer strategy. This strategy enhances the charge transfer efficiency of the transport layer, reduces charge recombination, and improves the quality of the perovskite film layer. Ultimately, the stability of the device is enhanced.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mahender Singh, Aakash Yadav, Ranjit Singh, Chullikkattil P. Pradeep
Summary: A new aryl selenonium polyoxometalate hybrid was developed and compared with an aryl sulfonium polyoxometalate hybrid in terms of their photocatalytic properties. It was found that the aryl selenonium hybrid exhibited better catalytic performance, which could be attributed to the larger atomic radii of selenium stabilizing the photogenerated electron-hole pair more efficiently. Additionally, the generation of elemental selenium through cleavage of C-Se bonds during catalysis was observed.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yuhan Xie, Boyu Dong, Xuemin Wang, Siyuan Wang, Jinxi Chen, Yongbing Lou
Summary: This study successfully fabricated visible-light-responsive three-dimensional core-shell CoSe2/ZnIn2S4 heterostructures and achieved attractive activity in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The presence of CoSe2 improved light absorption and accelerated charge transfer kinetics. The strong interaction between CoSe2 and ZnIn2S4 reduced charge recombination, further enhancing photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Andre L. de O. Batista, Joao Marcos T. Palheta, Mauricio J. Piotrowski, Celso R. C. Rego, Diego Guedes-Sobrinho, Alexandre C. Dias
Summary: This study presents a simulation protocol that provides a solid foundation for exploring two-dimensional materials. Using the TiBr2 2H monolayer as an example, the study reveals its promising properties for optoelectronic and valleytronic applications, including its stability, spin-orbit coupling effects, and optical helicity selection rule.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Jiang Jiang, Zi-Wei Li, Zhi-Zhuan Zhang, Bin Tan, Zhao-Feng Wu, Xiao-Ying Huang
Summary: In this work, two metal organic frameworks (MOFs) containing {Cu2I2} clusters, Eu-CuI-INA and Sr-K-CuI-INA, were synthesized and characterized. Both materials have a three-dimensional structure with {Cu2I2} clusters coordinated by INA(-) ligands and Eu3+ or Sr2+ ions. The Sr-K-CuI-INA material exhibited sensitive fluorescence sensing behaviors towards cysteine and nitro-bearing molecules, showing potential applications in bio and explosive molecule sensing. This work provides a good reference for designing fluorescent MOF probes containing CuI molecules.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Zhiya Lin, Jiasheng Wu, Qianwen Ye, Yulong Chen, Hai Jia, Xiaohui Huang, Shaoming Ying
Summary: Na-ion batteries (NIBs) have attracted great interest as a potential technology for grid-scale energy storage due to the wide distribution, low cost, and environmental friendliness of sodium resources. However, their implementation is hindered by low rate capability and cycling stability caused by the large ionic size of Na+. In this study, a three-dimensional nanoarchitectured coral-like CoSe2@N-doped carbon (CL-CoSe2@NC) was synthesized, and it exhibited improved sodium storage properties with better electrode kinetics and a stable SEI film.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ya-Qiong Zhang, Yu Zhang, Guoping Zeng, Rong-Zhen Liao, Man Li
Summary: The mechanism and selectivity of CO2 reduction under visible light were investigated using density functional calculations. The results showed that a tetradentate PNNP-type Iridium(III) complex exhibited high activity and selectivity in the reaction.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Sanyukta Ghosh, Shubhanth Jain, Soumya Ranjan Mishra, Gerda Rogl, Peter Rogl, Ernst Bauer, B. S. Murty, A. Govindaraj, Ramesh Chandra Mallik
Summary: In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was uniformly dispersed in the In0.5Co4Sb12 bulk material by ultrasonication, which effectively reduced the lattice thermal conductivity and improved the thermoelectric efficiency.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mika Takeuchi, Yutaka Amao
Summary: This study developed an effective visible-light driven system for fumaric acid production using renewable resources such as biomass derivatives, providing an alternative to the current petroleum-based synthesis methods.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Juan Jian, Meiting Wang, Zhuo Wang, Jingwen Meng, Yuqin Yang, Limin Chang
Summary: Developing low-cost and self-supported bifunctional catalysts is crucial for highly efficient water splitting devices. In this study, nano-NiFe2O4 was directly grown onto iron foil surface and Sn4+ was introduced into the NiFe2O4. The resulting Sn-NiFe2O4/IF showed low overpotentials and high current densities during oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), making it a promising catalyst for large-scale hydrogen production.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2024)