Article
Food Science & Technology
Amruta Kulkarni, Ai Zhao, Baoru Yang, Yumei Zhang, Kaisa M. Linderborg
Summary: The intake of fatty acids affects the composition of lipids in the body. In this study, rats were fed a peanut-oil-based diet for 33 days after weaning to investigate the effects of mild (n-3) deficiency on the lipid composition of various organs and feces. Results showed a lower level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the (n-3) deficient group compared to the control group, but no difference in DHA content was observed in the eyes and feces. This study highlights the importance of adequate maternal nutrition for a healthy fatty acid balance in rats.
Article
Cell Biology
Karolina Dec, Mouhamed Alsaqati, Joanne Morgan, Sumukh Deshpande, Jamie Wood, Jeremy Hall, Adrian J. Harwood
Summary: There is no consensus on the treatment length, dosage, and use of specific n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in clinical trials and epidemiological studies on children and adults. The aim of this study is to develop a simplified in vitro cell model to investigate the impact of different n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on human-derived neuron activity and understand their underlying mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ayako Kato, Chika Okada, Ehab S. Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Summary: This study found that higher intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be beneficial in lowering the risk of distal colon cancer. However, the intake of marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was not associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prasad Parchuri, Anjali Pappanoor, Abdulrahman Naeem, Timothy P. Durrett, Ruth Welti, R. V. Sreedhar
Summary: Buglossoides arvensis is a burgeoning oilseed crop with a unique combination of omega-3 and omega-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acids. During seed development, DGATs play a crucial role in enriching TAGs with PUFA compared to PDATs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chaiwat Arjin, Chanmany Souphannavong, Rakkiat Norkeaw, Niraporn Chaiwang, Supamit Mekchay, Apinya Sartsook, Maninphan Thongkham, Thanchanok Yosen, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Sarana Rose Sommano, Korawan Sringarm
Summary: The supplementation of perilla cake improved pig performance, increased PUFA fatty acids, and decreased the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in pork, while not affecting carcass traits and meat quality. This alternative source of raw material can be considered for functional feed additives in livestock production.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Omri Avidan, Sergey Malitsky, Uri Pick
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the free fatty acid (FA) pool to triacylglyceride (TAG) biosynthesis and characterize the mechanism by which FA are assimilated into TAG in the green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta. The results suggest that FA biosynthesis is a major rate-controlling stage in TAG biosynthesis in D. tertiolecta under nitrogen deprivation conditions.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mai Sato, Ryoma Ota, Satoru Kobayashi, Kimiko Yamakawa-Kobayashi, Takeshi Miura, Atsushi Ido, Yuya Ohhara
Summary: This study investigates whether insects can store n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) by manipulating gene expression. The results show that expressing specific genes can increase the proportion of alpha-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in insects, providing a foundation for the establishment of n-3 PUFA-producing insects.
TRANSGENIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hao Chen, Xuebing Leng, Shaohui Liu, Ziqi Zeng, Feng Huang, Rongjie Huang, Yunfeng Zou, Yunan Xu
Summary: This study found that dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (N3-PUFA), particularly alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), was associated with lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive adults in the U.S.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Priyanshu Jain, Amritpreet Kaur Minhas, Sadhana Shukla, Munish Puri, Colin J. Barrow, Shovon Mandal
Summary: This study isolated several indigenous microalgal strains from the Arabian Sea coast and identified two strains with high production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The strains showed higher PUFA content, particularly alpha-linolenic acid, under low nutrient conditions.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kin Sum Leung, Jean-Marie Galano, Camille Oger, Thierry Durand, Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
Summary: The study found that diets enriched with ALA have cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction and can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. These diets regulate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mediators, reducing gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chuanzeng Lan, Sen Wang, Huidan Zhang, Zhuojun Wang, Weijian Wan, Huan Liu, Yang Hu, Qiu Cui, Xiaojin Song
Summary: The study analyzed the functions of four DGAT2s in industrial oleaginous thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium, with results indicating that DGAT2C mainly connects PUFA to TAG molecules, while DGAT2A and DGAT2D target SFA and/or MUFA. This research demonstrates the specific TAG assembly routes in Aurantiochytrium, providing insights for designing TAG molecules with desired characteristics.
BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiufen Zhang, Qilin Wu, Wenxuan Zheng, Chuang Liu, Liang Huang, Xin Zuo, Wenquan Xiao, Xiaofeng Han, Hui Ye, Wence Wang, Lin Yang, Yongwen Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exogenous fatty acid intervention on embryonic development in an avian embryo model. It was found that hepatic lipid and fatty acid metabolism play critical roles in embryogenesis. The intervention with oleic acid affected lipid metabolism and gene expression related to fatty acid uptake, synthesis, and oxidation in the embryos.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoxin Huang, Jie Wang, Kaizhen Liu, Fengen Wang, Nan Zheng, Shengguo Zhao, Xueyin Qu, Jing Yu, Yangdong Zhang, Jiaqi Wang
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of whole flaxseed and ground flaxseed supplementation on the composition of fatty acids in plasma and milk, particularly the content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). Compared with the CK group, the contents of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosatrienoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid increased in the plasma and milk of the WF and GF groups, and the content of docosahexaenoic acid and total n-3 PUFA was higher in the GF group. Flaxseed supplementation increased the activity of GSH-Px and decreased the concentration of MDA in milk. The result indicated that GF supplementation showed higher efficiency in increasing the total n-3 PUFA levels and the milk ALA/ALA intake ratio, and decreased the ratio of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs in milk compared with the WF group.
Article
Plant Sciences
Muthulakshmi Chellamuthu, Kanimozhi Kumaresan, Selvi Subramanian
Summary: Sesame is an important source of edible oil in India and has nutritional and medicinal value. Co-expression of sesame DGAT1, PDAT1, and omega 3 FAD genes can increase lipid accumulation with high omega-3 fatty acid content. The study provides insights into the genomic organization and characteristics of these genes and their potential applications in plant systems.
PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Birgitta Strandvik, Abdul Rashid Qureshi, Johanna Painer, Carolina Backman-Johansson, Martin Engvall, Ole Froebert, Jonas Kindberg, Peter Stenvinkel, Sylvain Giroud
Summary: Factors for initiating hibernation are still unknown but it is related to consciousness/sleep and n-3 fatty acids in humans. This study examined the fatty acid profiles in the plasma of brown bears and garden dormice during hibernation and summer. The results showed consistent differences in fatty acid composition between hibernation and summer in both species, suggesting a potential link between hibernation phenotype and metabolism.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shinya Takahashi, Yui Namioka, Haidar Azis, Tomoharu Sano, Mitsuko Aono, Masami Koshiyama, Hiroshi Fujisawa, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: PDJ treatment promotes the accumulation of phenolic compounds in red leaf lettuce and upregulates the expression of genes involved in their synthesis, resulting in an increased quantity of these compounds which reportedly have various functions affecting human physiology.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feten Zar Kalai, Mondher Boulaaba, Farhana Ferdousi, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 (T2DM), is a global public health problem. Isorhamnetin, a plant flavonoid, has been studied for its potential anti-diabetic effects. It has been shown to reduce glucose levels, improve oxidative status, alleviate inflammation, and modulate lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation by regulating signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mijin Kim, Hiroko Isoda, Tomohiro Okura
Summary: The study suggests that the combined intake of citrulline and leucine, along with exercise, can improve body weight, BMI, body mass, and physical activity in older women with low BMI, which may help prevent sarcopenia and frailty.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sana Yakoubi, Isao Kobayashi, Kunihiko Uemura, Mitsutoshi Nakajima, Hiroko Isoda, Riadh Ksouri, Moufida Saidani-Tounsi, Marcos A. Neves
Summary: The study focused on formulating a novel nanoemulsion (NE) with nanoscale droplet size and lowest interfacial tension, using response surface methodology (RSM) and mixture design to optimize lipid phase composition. The NE showed promising stability and antimicrobial potential, contributing positively to the food industry fortification. High-pressure homogenization (HPH) affected the active compounds in essential oils, enhancing their potential through nanoencapsulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farhana Ferdousi, Kinji Furuya, Kazunori Sasaki, Yun-Wen Zheng, Tatsuya Oda, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: In this study, the bioactivities of squalene (SQ) derived from a microalgae were investigated in human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) using whole-genome DNA microarray analysis. The results showed that SQ could promote nervous system development and neurotransmitter modulation in hAECs, and several adipose tissue-specific genes and functions were also enriched. Additionally, SQ was found to have the potential therapeutic effects for nervous system- and metabolism-related diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maroua Ait Tastift, Rachida Makbal, Thouria Bourhim, Zineb Omari, Hiroko Isoda, Chemseddoha Gadhi
Summary: This study evaluated the analgesic activity of Crocus sativus stigma extract (CSSE) and elucidated its physiological mechanism. The results showed that CSSE exhibited anti-nociceptive effects through the modulation of multiple physiological pathways. However, further clinical trials are needed to validate the potential utilization of Moroccan saffron as a natural painkiller.
Article
Plant Sciences
Kwame Sarpong Appiah, Richard Ansong Omari, Siaw Onwona-Agyeman, Christiana Adukwei Amoatey, John Ofosu-Anim, Abderrazak Smaoui, Abdelkarim Ben Arfa, Yoko Suzuki, Yosei Oikawa, Shin Okazaki, Keisuke Katsura, Hiroko Isoda, Kiyokazu Kawada, Yoshiharu Fujii
Summary: Plant biodiversity has been explored for potential allelopathic species in weed management. This study investigates the effects of seasonal variation on the carnosic acid concentration and phytotoxicity of rosemary leaves. The results show that rosemary samples collected in summer have the highest inhibitory effects due to their high carnosic acid concentration.
Article
Cell Biology
Meriem Bejaoui, Aprill Kee Oliva, May Sin Ke, Farhana Ferdousi, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: The study demonstrated that dermal papilla cells grown in 3D hanging spheroids have a significant impact on hair growth-related pathways and cell adhesion molecules. DNA microarray analysis was used to compare the effects of different drugs on DPCs, showing that the 3D system enhances the effects of these drugs on hair growth.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meryem Bouhoute, Yhiya Amen, Meriem Bejaoui, Aprill Kee Oliva Mizushima, Kuniyoshi Shimizu, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: This study investigates the anti-melanogenic effect of a compound called Butyroside D and its underlying mechanism. The results show that Butyroside D downregulates the cAMP, Wnt/beta-catenin, and MAPK signaling pathways, leading to the repression of melanin biosynthesis. Furthermore, Butyroside D inhibits the activation of the cAMP pathway mediated through alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and MC1R, confirming its anti-melanogenic effect on human epidermal melanocytes (HEM) cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kengo Iwata, Farhana Ferdousi, Yoshinobu Arai, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: The polyphenols found in sugarcane have the potential to promote neuronal differentiation and astrocytic maturation. These compounds work synergistically to activate key genes and regulate cell cycle, leading to enhanced neuronal differentiation and mitochondrial activity in astrocytes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farhana Ferdousi, Kazunori Sasaki, Satoshi Fukumitsu, Hidetoshi Kuwata, Mitsutoshi Nakajima, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: In this study, an untargeted whole-genome transcriptomics analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of carnosic acid (CA) on human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs). The results showed that CA induced mesoderm-lineage-specific differentiation in hAESCs, particularly in cardiovascular and adipose tissues. Further analysis identified potential molecular targets and upstream regulators of CA in a tissue-specific manner. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of CA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Wang, Munkhzul Ganbold, Farhana Ferdousi, Kenichi Tominaga, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: A rare natural compound called oleacein found in unfiltered extra virgin olive oil has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity properties. It can inhibit lipid formation, modulate lipid and glucose metabolism, and enhance anti-inflammatory properties in adipocytes, suggesting its potential application in the management of metabolic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michitaka Fujiwara, Farhana Ferdousi, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: With the progression of an aging society, cognitive aging has become an urgent concern. This study uses the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model to investigate molecular changes in the brain cortex, identifying key functional alterations and candidate genes associated with brain aging, as well as pivotal hub genes involved in these functional domains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jieun Yoon, Kazunori Sasaki, Iku Nishimura, Haruna Hashimoto, Tomohiro Okura, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: This study examined the effects of desert olive tree pearls (DOTPs) on the cognitive function of middle-aged and older adults. Results showed that DOTPs significantly improved complex attention and alleviated cognitive problems faced by middle-aged and older adults in Japan.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shinji Kondo, Farhana Ferdousi, Jinchang Zhao, Sofya Suidasari, Miki Yokozawa, Ken Yamauchi, Ken-ichi Tominaga, Hiroko Isoda
Summary: Olive leaf extract has shown potential as a hematinic agent by increasing red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels. It also does not have significant adverse effects on liver and kidney functions. Oleuropein and oleuroside have been identified as the active components in olive leaf extract for inducing erythroid differentiation.