Review
Immunology
Marilyn Vasquez, Marisol Zuniga, Ana Rodriguez
Summary: Malaria is a highly inflammatory and oxidative disease, with oxidative stress from both host and parasite potentially leading to severe complications. Therapeutics targeting the restoration and maintenance of oxidative balance may help prevent lethal complications of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lydia Nkuah Nortey, Alberta Serwah Anning, Gideon Kwesi Nakotey, Abdala Mumuni Ussif, Yeboah Kwaku Opoku, Silas Acheampong Osei, Benjamin Aboagye, George Ghartey-Kwansah
Summary: This paper reviews the current understanding of the pathogenic and immunologic factors involved in cerebral malaria (CM). The authors discuss gene products such as the var gene, ABCA-1, ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, CD-36, PfEMP-1 and G6PD that play a role in CM pathogenesis. They also explore alterations in the blood-brain barrier, host-parasite interactions, and recent advances in CM treatment interventions. The paper concludes by discussing how these factors could inform the development of novel therapeutic interventions to fight CM.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
James A. Watson, Sophie Uyoga, Perpetual Wanjiku, Johnstone Makale, Gideon M. Nyutu, Neema Mturi, Elizabeth C. George, Charles J. Woodrow, Nicholas P. J. Day, Philip Bejon, Robert O. Opoka, Arjen M. Dondorp, Chandy C. John, Kathryn Maitland, Thomas N. Williams, Nicholas J. White
Summary: Severe malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is difficult to accurately diagnose in children in high-transmission settings. A combination of platelet count and plasma PfHRP2 concentration can be used to identify severe falciparum malaria in severely ill patients. About one-third of children enrolled in clinical studies of severe malaria in high-transmission settings in Africa had other causes of their severe illness.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel G. Whitney, Tao Xu, Daniel Whibley, Dayna Ryan, Michelle S. Caird, Edward A. Hurvitz, Heidi Haapala
Summary: This study found a correlation between the use of physical and/or occupational therapy (PT/OT) during acute care or rehabilitation and improved 1-year survival among adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Outpatient PT/OT after discharge was also linked to better survival rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Praveen Kishore Sahu, Sanjib Mohanty
Summary: No specific or adjunctive therapies currently exist for treating cerebral malaria (CM). CM is a neurological manifestation of malaria infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Despite various factors contributing to CM, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. However, recent studies utilizing molecular, immunological, neuroradiological, and machine-learning approaches have provided new insights into understanding the determinants of CM in humans, which may lead to the development of new and targeted adjunctive therapies.
Article
Microbiology
Aditya Anand, Manjunatha Chandana, Sourav Ghosh, Rahul Das, Nalini Singh, Pradeep Mini Vaishalli, Nagavara Prasad Gantasala, Govindarajan Padmanaban, Viswanathan Arun Nagaraj
Summary: Food vacuoles of the malaria parasite play a central role in the degradation of red blood cell hemoglobin and detoxification of heme. The deletion of amino acid transporter 1 in Plasmodium berghei leads to swollen food vacuoles, reduced hemozoin production, and resistance to antimalarials. Mice infected with transporter-deleted parasites are protected from cerebral malaria and show delayed transmission.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Xiaonan Song, Wei Wei, Weijia Cheng, Huiyin Zhu, Wei Wang, Haifeng Dong, Jian Li
Summary: This article reviews the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical therapy of cerebral malaria, with the aim of providing insights into the development of novel tools for improved treatments.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaonan Song, Weijia Cheng, Huiyin Zhu, Yuting Li, Jian Li
Summary: In this study, the combination therapy of dihydroartemisinin, rapamycin, and atorvastatin was found to improve the treatment outcome of experimental cerebral malaria, reducing mortality rate, improving physiological indicators and neurological damage.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Alessandro de Sa Pinheiro, James W. Kazura, Ana Acacia Pinheiro, Alvin H. Schmaier
Summary: Malaria is a parasitic disease that is globally significant, especially in endemic regions, and is a major cause of death in children. The mechanisms of cerebral malaria, particularly the role of bradykinin, are not fully understood, but recent discoveries suggest its potential involvement in the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ji Man Hong, Mun Hee Choi, Geun Hwa Park, Hee Sun Shin, Seong-Joon Lee, Jin Soo Lee, Yong Cheol Lim
Summary: The efficacy and safety of cranial MBH procedures under local anesthesia for augmenting transdural revascularization after EPO treatment in stroke patients were investigated. Results showed that the combination of MBH and EPO significantly improved revascularization success and perfusion parameters.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samuel Odarkwei Blankson, Danielle Seri Dadje, Nadjla Traikia, Maroufou J. Alao, Serge Ayivi, Annick Amoussou, Philippe Deloron, Nicaise Tuikue Ndam, Jacqueline Milet, Leonardo K. Basco, Yaw Aniweh, Rachida Tahar
Summary: By analyzing the genetic polymorphism of ICAM-1(Kilifi) using PCR and sequencing, this study found that the ICAM-1(Kilifi) variant had a frequency of 0.27 in Beninese children, similar to other African countries. Consistent with previous research, this variant was not associated with disease severity, providing no direct evidence of a link between this polymorphism and the pathogenesis of severe and cerebral malaria.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hellen Gelband, Ronald Carshon-Marsh, Rashid Ansumana, Ibrahim Bob Swaray, Arjun Pandey, Ashley Aimone, Isaac Bogoch, John Eikelboom, Prabhat Jha
Summary: After a period of progress against malaria, the gains in sub-Saharan Africa have slowed or even reversed. While malaria vaccines have been successfully rolled out in children, the death rate among adults has been greatly underestimated. A randomized trial is proposed in Sierra Leone to investigate the impact of malaria vaccines on adults.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark D. Peterson, Allecia M. Wilson, Edward A. Hurvitz
Summary: This study analyzed trends in causes of death among adults with cerebral palsy in the United States from 1999 to 2019, revealing a gradual increase in mortality rates with main secondary causes including diseases of the nervous system, respiratory system, symptoms and signs, and circulatory system diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabetta Indelicato, Alexander Kirchmair, Matthias Amprosi, Stephan Steixner, Wolfgang Nachbauer, Andreas Eigentler, Nico Wahl, Galina Apostolova, Anne Krogsdam, Rainer Schneider, Julia Wanschitz, Zlatko Trajanoski, Sylvia Boesch
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiology of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) by analyzing RNA-sequencing data from skeletal muscle biopsies of FRDA patients. The results revealed two major abnormalities in FRDA: a global downregulation of the mitochondrial transcriptome and an upregulation of genes related to transcription and chromatin regulation. Additionally, leptin, the master regulator of energy homeostasis, was found to be significantly upregulated in the skeletal muscle of FRDA patients, and this upregulation was further enhanced by recombinant human Erythropoietin treatment. These findings highlight the potential of skeletal muscle transcriptomics as a valuable biomarker for monitoring therapeutic interventions in FRDA.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charles de Roquetaillade, Cedric Laouenan, Jean-Paul Mira, Carine Roy, Marie Thuong, Elie Azoulay, Didier Gruson, Frederic Jacobs, Juliette Chommeloux, Francois Raffi, Laurent Hocqueloux, Patrick Imbert, Vincent Jeantils, Jean-Luc Delassus, Sophie Matheron, Catherine Fitting, Jean-Francois Timsit, Fabrice Bruneel
Summary: The increase in worldwide travel is leading to an increase in imported malaria and there is little known about cytokine profiles during imported malaria. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cytokine host response and malaria severity among imported cases in France. The study reports cytokine profiles in adults with Plasmodium falciparum malaria included in a prospective study conducted between 2006 and 2010.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)