Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongjoon Kim, Marcela Votruba, Sayon Roy
Summary: Reduced level of Opa1 promotes apoptosis and retinal vascular lesions associated with diabetic retinopathy. Downregulation of Opa1 expression contributes to the development of retinal cell death and capillary damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Malgorzata Mrugacz, Anna Bryl, Katarzyna Zorena
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a growing societal issue, with increasing incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy, caused by vascular abnormalities, involves small vessels and may also result from neuroretinal degeneration. Understanding the factors and mechanisms contributing to these changes is essential in preventing complications in diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Dongjoon Kim, Hiromi Sesaki, Sayon Roy
Summary: The study found that reducing Drp1 levels can decrease diabetes-induced retinal vascular lesions, reduce the number of acellular capillaries and pericyte loss, and is associated with an increase in the expression of apoptosis-related genes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jianchen Hao, Jiantong Du, Xiaopeng Gu, Yadi Zhang, Liu Yang, Shijie Zhang
Summary: This study found that there is a correlation between intraretinal blood flow perfusion and nerve changes in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography were performed on 86 diabetic patients, and it was found that the thickness of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) in the macular area of affected eyes was lower compared to the control group. The study also found a positive correlation between the mean vessel length density and GCIPL thickness in the macular area, but no correlation between blood flow perfusion parameters and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Min Tian, Jun Yang, Xia Yan, Yang Cao, Yuting Liu, Yingqing Lei, Hongbin Lv
Summary: This study reveals that inhibiting TUG1 can impair vascular function in diabetic retinas by controlling miR-524-5p and FGFR2, suggesting a potential therapeutic method for diabetic retinopathy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Scott J. Howell, Chieh A. Lee, Julia C. Batoki, Thomas E. Zapadka, Sarah Lindstrom, Brooklyn E. Taylor, Patricia R. Taylor
Summary: The global number of diabetics is increasing annually, leading to a rise in diabetic retinopathy cases. XMD8-92, a small molecule inhibitor, shows potential as a novel therapeutic for diabetic retinopathy by blocking inflammatory processes and reducing retinal inflammation in experimental models.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Warren W. Pan, Thomas W. Gardner, Jennifer L. Harder
Summary: DRD remains a common cause of vision loss in working-age adults, with limited progress on new therapies due to the complexity of the human eye. Utilizing systems biology approaches that have been successful in DKD research may help clarify the molecular basis and progression of DRD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachael S. Allen, Cara T. Khayat, Andrew J. Feola, Alice S. Win, Allison R. Grubman, Kyle C. Chesler, Li He, Jendayi A. Dixon, Timothy S. Kern, P. Michael Iuvone, Peter M. Thule, Machelle T. Pardue
Summary: This study investigated the temporal appearance of functional deficits (retinal, cognitive, and motor), retinal vascular pathology, and retinal dopamine levels in diabetic rats. The results showed that glucose intolerance and retinal deficits were detectable at 4 weeks and 1 month, respectively. Cognitive deficits appeared at 6 months, but no motor deficits were observed. Retinal vascular pathology was not observed, and high levels of dopamine may provide protection against vascular pathology.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kiyoung Kim, Eung Suk Kim, Seung-Young Yu
Summary: This study evaluated the quantitative changes in microvascular parameters after panretinal photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy using swept-source OCT Angiography. The results showed significant longitudinal retinal microvascular changes after PRP, with overall macular perfusion status gradually recovering over 12 months. Additionally, early treatment responses in PD can predict the long-term outcomes of PDR after PRP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Selin L. Auvazian, Jennifer Cano, Sophie Leahy, Preny Karamian, Amir Kashani, Andrew Moshfeghi, Hossein Ameri, Norman P. Blair, Mahnaz Shahidi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of retinal vessel oxygen saturation with vessel density (VD) and tortuosity in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Results from measurements on 95 subjects showed significant differences in oxygen saturation, VD, and vessel tortuosity among different DR groups, suggesting a correlation between retinal vessel morphology, oxygenation, and DR severity.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tian Huang, Xiaoli Li, Jie Xie, Liang Zhang, Guanrong Zhang, Aiping Zhang, Xiangting Chen, Ying Cui, Qianli Meng
Summary: The study assessed long-term retinal microvascular, neural, and choroidal changes following panretinal photocoagulation in patients with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The findings showed no significant differences in visual acuity, vessel density, and choroidal thickness post-PRP, but indicated increased macular thickness and changes in RNFL and GCC thickness. The results suggest that PRP may help prevent retinal neurovascular and choroidal damage in diabetic retinopathy patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luis Mendes, Ines P. Marques, Jose Cunha-Vaz
Summary: Retinal vessel metrics, such as abnormal intercapillary spaces (AIS) and vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), perform well in identifying eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and show a progressive increase in vessel closure (VC) with disease severity. This suggests the clinical value of these metrics in assessing the risk of disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiao-Li Wang, Fang-Rong Cai, Yun-Xia Gao, Jian Zhang, Ming Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the changes in blood oxygen saturation and oxidative stress indices of retinal vessels in patients with DR. The results showed that the blood oxygen saturation of the retinal vessels in the DR group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while oxidative stress indicators were also elevated.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Review
Pathology
Joel-Benjamin Lincke, Lucine Christe, Jan Darius Unterlauft, Martin S. Zinkernagel, Denise C. Zysset-Burri
Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in various metabolic pathways and its dysbiosis is associated with several diseases. Chronic inflammation caused by dysbiosis may lead to or promote the development of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, liver disease, and retinal vascular diseases. Targeting and modulating the individual's gut microbiome could potentially serve as a preventive or treatment modality for these diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jun Chen, Yizhou Sun, Lei Chen, Yun Zhou
Summary: The study found that CBR2 plays a protective role in diabetic retinopathy by regulating VEGFA, alleviating retinal vascular dysfunction and abnormal endothelial proliferation.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Preeti Gupta, Ecosse Luc Lamoureux, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Yih-Chung Tham, Gavin Tan, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong, Ning Cheung
Summary: The study found that the risk of developing retinopathy in Asians without diabetes is generally low, but regression of retinopathy over time is common. Factors such as high blood pressure, wider retinal arteriolar calibre, and higher HDL levels are associated with incidence of retinopathy, while Malays are more likely to have retinopathy regression.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Aaron Yuntai Lee, Daniel S. Ting, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo, Hee Seung Yang, Hyeonmin Kim, Geunyoung Lee, Zhen Ling Teo, Alvin Teo Wei Jun, Kengo Takahashi, Tea Keun Yoo, Sung Eun Kim, Yasuo Yanagi, Ching-Yu Cheng, Sung Soo Kim, Tien Yin Wong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
Summary: This study developed a computer-aided detection (CADe) algorithm using deep learning to automatically segment and classify ORL abnormalities in OCT images. The algorithm achieved high accuracy in both internal and external test sets, and successfully differentiated between normal and abnormal ORL.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Yih-Chung Tham, Rahat Husain, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo, Anna Cheng Sim Tan, Annabel Chee Yen Chew, Daniel S. Ting, Ching-Yu Cheng, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Tien Yin Wong
Summary: COVID-19 has caused massive disruptions in global society, economy, and healthcare systems, highlighting the need to implement digital health models in ophthalmology. Despite the current lack of digital initiatives in the ophthalmology sphere, new digital care models are proposed to overcome traditional clinical limitations and potential barriers for sustainable transformation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ralene Sim, Gemmy Cheung, Daniel Ting, Edmund Wong, Tien Yin Wong, Ian Yeo, Chee Wai Wong
Summary: This study explored the association between retinal findings and COVID-19 infection, revealing retinal microvascular signs in one in nine patients. These signs included microhaemorrhages, retinal vascular tortuosity, and cotton wool spots. Patients with retinal signs were more likely to have transiently elevated blood pressure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ning Cheung, Miao Li Chee, Ronald Klein, Barbara E. K. Klein, Steven Shea, Mary Frances Cotch, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong
Summary: This study aimed to provide contemporary longitudinal data on the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in a multi-ethnic population in the United States. Over an 8-year period, approximately one in five participants with diabetes developed DR, while almost a quarter of those with DR at baseline showed improvement.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Anna C. S. Tan, Miao Li Chee, Beau J. Fenner, Paul Mitchell, Yih Chung Tham, Tyler Rim, Kelvin Teo, Shaun S. Sim, Ching Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong, Usha Chakravarthy, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
Summary: This study aimed to report the incidence of age-related changes in drusen volume detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) over a span of 6 years and their systemic and ocular associations. The results showed that the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) detected at 6 years was low. Drusen volume in the macular region either decreased, remained stable, or increased over the 6-year period. Older age, smoking, and chronic kidney disease were associated with decreased drusen volume, while older age and hypertension were associated with increased drusen volume.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Bingyao Tan, Nicole-Ann Lim, Rose Tan, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Jacqueline Chua, Simon Nusinovici, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Usha Chakravarthy, Tien Yin Wong, Leopold Schmetterer, Gavin Tan
Summary: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters from both the retinal and choroidal microvasculature can be used to detect the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Choriocapillaris parameters show better discrimination between non-diabetic and diabetic without DR groups. Evaluating both retinal and choroidal microvasculature significantly improves the detection of diabetic retinopathy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yi Xuen Chai, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Eva K. Fenwick, Abraham Y. Sui, Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan, Debra Q. Y. Quek, Chaoxu Qian, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Ecosse Luc Lamoureux, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man
Summary: This study aims to examine the relationship between vision impairment (VI) and employment outcomes in a multiethnic Asian population. The results suggest that even mild VI is associated with unemployment and underemployment.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Graham A. Wilson, Kirsten Cheyne, Sandhya Ramrakha, Antony Ambler, Gavin S. W. Tan, Avshalom Caspi, Ben Williams, Karen Sugden, Renate Houts, Rachael L. Niederer, Tien Yin Wong, Terrie E. Moffitt, Richie Poulton
Summary: This study investigated whether macular drusen in midlife are associated with accelerated biological ageing. The results showed no significant association between macular drusen and the pace of ageing or facial ageing.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Preeti Gupta, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man, Eva K. Fenwick, Chaoxu Qian, Ralene Sim, Shivani Majithia, Yih Chung Tham, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Ecosse Luc Lamoureux
Summary: The study found that baseline bilateral VI increases the risk of falls, and even mild unilateral VI significantly increases the likelihood of frequent falls, especially in correctable and uncorrectable eye conditions.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Yu Huang, Carol Y. Cheung, Dawei Li, Yih Chung Tham, Bin Sheng, Ching Yu Cheng, Ya Xing Wang, Tien Yin Wong
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in analyzing ocular images has the potential to enhance CVD risk prediction. This review provides an overview of AI-based ocular image analysis for predicting CVD and discusses the limitations in AI research and the challenges in clinical practice.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kang-An Wong, Bryan Chin Hou Ang, Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran, Rahat Husain, Joewee Boon, Krishna Vikneson, Zyna Pei Qi Tan, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Tien Yin Wong, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: This study investigates the performance of a novel remote perimetry application designed in a virtual reality metaverse environment to enable functional testing in community-based and primary care settings. The results show that the remote perimetry application has good concordance with the gold standard perimetry and could potentially be used for functional eye screening in out-of-hospital settings.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chan Joo Lee, Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Hyun Goo Kang, Joseph Keunhong Yi, Geunyoung Lee, Marco Yu, Soo-Hyun Park, Jin-Taek Hwang, Yih-Chung Tham, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Dong Wook Kim, Sung Soo Kim, Sungha Park
Summary: This study validated a personalized cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scoring system, named Reti-CVD, based on retinal images. The risk groups defined by Reti-CVD were significantly associated with increased CVD risk and remained effective in a comprehensive model with other risk factors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Cynthia Ciwei Lim, Crystal Chong, Gavin Tan, Chieh Suai Tan, Carol Y. Cheung, Tien Y. Wong, Ching Yu Cheng, Charumathi Sabanayagam
Summary: This study found that retinal vessel calibre measurements obtained by a deep learning system were significantly associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The addition of kidney function and retinal vessel calibre parameters improved the prediction of CVD risk among CKD patients.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kai Xiong Cheong, Hengtong Li, Yih Chung Tham, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo, Anna Cheng Sim Tan, Leopold Schmetterer, Tien Yin Wong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Ching-Yu Cheng, Qiao Fan
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between genetic susceptibility to AMD and retinal thickness, finding that certain genetic variants were associated with thinner retinal layers, particularly the photoreceptor layers. These findings suggest that retinal thickness could serve as a potential risk marker for prodromal AMD, highlighting the importance of considering topographic variation.
OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE
(2023)
