Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Roberto Bello-Madruga, Javier Valle, M. Angeles Jimenez, Marc Torrent, Vivian Montero-Alejo, David Andreu
Summary: Beta-defensins are a highly abundant and studied family of antimicrobial peptides. A study on a beta-defensin-like peptide (PaD) found in spiny lobsters shows that the C-terminus of the peptide is the main determinant of its antibacterial activity. Synthetic versions of PaD and its C-terminus were found to have enhanced antimicrobial activity and binding to bacterial membranes. These findings suggest that the C-terminus of PaD is a promising target for the development of novel anti-infective drugs.
Article
Microbiology
Wenjing Yu, Nianzhi Ning, Ying Xue, Yanyu Huang, Feng Guo, Tao Li, Boning Yang, Deyan Luo, Yakun Sun, Zhan Li, Jianxin Wang, Zhili He, Shiwei Cheng, Xingxiao Zhang, Hui Wang
Summary: The chimeric human defensin H4 showed significantly improved antibacterial activity, especially against multidrug resistant strains, and maintained over 80% antibacterial activity at high salt concentration. Moreover, cytotoxicity tests indicated that H4 had similar toxicity to cells at low doses compared to other defensins.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nancy Oguiura, Poliana Garcia Correa, Isabella Lemos Rosmino, Ana Olivia de Souza, Kerly Fernanda Mesquita Pasqualoto
Summary: This study discovered beta-defensin genes in Brazilian snakes and tested the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of their synthetic peptides. The results showed that these beta-defensins have moderate antibacterial activity against certain bacteria, but weak antifungal properties. Additionally, the presence of tryptophan residue is necessary for improved antibacterial activity. The study concludes that snake beta-defensins could be potential template molecules for antibiotic development.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gen Li, Qixue Wang, Jiawei Feng, Jialin Wang, Yuqing Wang, Xiaoting Huang, Tengteng Shao, Xiaofei Deng, Yemin Cao, Mingmei Zhou, Cheng Zhao
Summary: Diabetic wound, a common complication in diabetic patients, can lead to disability and death. Recent evidence suggests that defensins may play a crucial role in the development and perpetuation of diabetic wound healing. Defensins have been found to have beneficial effects on diabetic wound healing through antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, tissue regenerator, and insulin resistance improvement mechanisms.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ulvi Kahraman Gursoy, Mervi Gursoy, Anna Liukkonen, Anna Liisa Suominen, Eija Kononen
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine the levels of human beta-defensin 1-3 and human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP-1) in the saliva of elderly individuals, in order to establish the extent of periodontal disease and tooth loss. The results showed that salivary HNP-1 levels were significantly higher in individuals with periodontal disease. The association between salivary HNP-1 levels and the number of pocket teeth remained significant after adjusting for various factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soroush Ahmadi, Ahmad Hivechi, S. Hajir Bahrami, Peiman B. Milan, Seyedeh Sara Ashraf
Summary: This study developed chitosan/gelatin nanofiber membranes with sustained release capacity to prevent infection by delivering cinnamon extract (CE) in the implanted site. The incorporation of CE enhanced the properties of the nanofibers, including degradation behavior, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility. The extract release profile showed a burst release in the first 6 hours, followed by a controlled release in the next 138 hours.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Cheng Zhang, Huan Cui, Ligong Chen, Wanzhe Yuan, Shishan Dong, Yunyi Kong, Zhendong Guo, Juxiang Liu
Summary: The study highlights the potential health threat of clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 avian influenza viruses to mammals and emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring, especially in waterfowl.
Article
Agronomy
Qichang Liu, Mei Zuo, Yi Song, Shuzhong He, Jian Huang, Yang Chen
Summary: A novel beta-carboline alkaloid, PA, has been successfully synthesized through biomimetic total synthesis. PA exhibits significant inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria, with notable efficacy against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, and X. axonopodis pv. citri. The antibacterial activity of PA is attributed to increased bacterial cell membrane permeability, reduced extracellular polysaccharide content, and induced morphological changes in bacterial cells.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Zhenyu Lin, Jie Wang, Nian Zhang, Jianshu Yi, Zhaofei Wang, Jingjiao Ma, Hengan Wang, Yaxian Yan, Kun Qian, Jianhe Sun, Yuqiang Cheng
Summary: This study cloned goose IRF1 (GoIRF1) and conducted bioinformatics analyses to compare its protein homology with IRF1 in other species. The results showed that GoIRF1 induces the expression of interferons, proinflammatory cytokines, and ISGs in geese, playing an important role in antiviral innate immunity.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vipul Batra, Vanya Bhushan, Syed Azmal Ali, Parul Sarwalia, Ankit Pal, Seema Karanwal, Subhash Solanki, Arumugam Kumaresan, Rakesh Kumar, Tirtha Kumar Datta
Summary: The study identified over 300 proteins on the ejaculated buffalo sperm surface, most of which were extracellular and involved in immune or reproductive processes. Flow cytometry with six FITC-labelled lectins confirmed glycosylation of these proteins, and various beta-defensins including BuBD-129 and 126 were identified on the sperm surface. The findings suggest that buffalo spermatozoa are heavily glycosylated and that BuBDs may play a role in sperm function and male fertility regulation.
Article
Microbiology
Wolfgang W. Wicha, Claire Henson, Kathryn Webbley, Steven P. Gelone
Summary: This study revealed the distribution of Lefamulin in urogenital tract tissues in rats at a cellular level using quantitative whole-body autoradiography and qualitative tape-transfer microautoradiography. The findings will be crucial for potential clinical evaluation for STI treatment.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joalen P. Monte, Adriana Fontes, Beate S. Santos, Giovannia A. L. Pereira, Goreti Pereira
Summary: The development of multifunctional materials for bone tissue repair has attracted researchers' interest. Several materials classes have been studied and optimized for this aim, such as implants based on metals, ceramics, glasses, and composites. HAp-based scaffolds doped with AgNPs have shown promising antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility, which can potentially overcome the issue of implant-related infections.
Article
Immunology
Xintong Dong, Nathachit Limjunyawong, Elizabeth Sypek, Gaofeng Wang, Roger Ortines, Christine Youn, Martin P. Alphonse, Dustin Dikeman, Yu Wang, Mark Lay, Ruchita Kothari, Chirag Vasavda, Priyanka Pundir, Loyal Goff, Lloyd S. Miller, Wuyuan Lu, Luis A. Garza, Brian S. Kim, Nathan K. Archer, Xinzhong Dong
Summary: The signaling pathway between epithelial cells and neutrophils is crucial for maintaining healthy skin ecology and promoting antibacterial host defense. Defensins and Mrgpra2 play critical roles in combating infections and maintaining microbial homeostasis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qiao Yang, Xinqiao Lai, Jiandi Ling, Dongque Chen, Peng Liu, Taoyan Mao, Xiaoqin Shang, Liming Wang
Summary: This study develops a physically crosslinked hydrogel glue with outstanding adhesiveness, antibacterial activity, and suitable mechanical properties by using polyvinyl alcohol, beta-cyclodextrin, and silica nanoparticles. The composite gel showed tunable mechanical strengths, high swelling ratio, and significant antibacterial property, demonstrating the potential of pure physical strategy for preparing high-performance antibacterial hydrogel glues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Zohreh Mohammadhashemi, Mohammad Jalal Zohuriaan-Mehr, Reza Jahanmardi
Summary: This study reports a facile and nearly quantitative synthesis of a novel partially bio-based Schiff base modifier for surface modification of commercial superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogels. The modified SAP showed improved saline absorbency and antibacterial activity, making it a potential candidate for biomedical applications.
Article
Immunology
V. Sharma, P. Kaur, R. S. Aulakh, R. Sharma, R. Verma, B. B. Singh
Summary: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that affects animals and people in the underdeveloped world. This study aimed to isolate and identify Brucella species from faeces of sero positive cattle in Punjab, India. Fourteen Brucella species were isolated, with 11 identified as Brucella abortus and 3 identified as Brucella melitensis. The study highlights the potential risk of animal faeces for animal and human health and emphasizes the need for careful handling of faeces from seropositive cattle.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yilei Zhang, Guojun Chen, Siyi Zhou, Lingru He, Olalekan Opeyemi Ayanniyi, Qianming Xu, Zhenyu Yue, Congshan Yang
Summary: The development of the Animal Parasitic Diseases and Drugs Database (APDDD) provides a comprehensive and intuitive tool for studying animal parasitic diseases and antiparasitic drugs, allowing users to understand the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and targeted genes more effectively.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Arthur Nery Finatto, Sulove Koirala, Fernanda Luiza Facioli, Jessica Aparecida Barbosa, Roman Nosach, Matheus de Oliveira Costa
Summary: The study revealed that Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus rapidly disseminated in various organs of pigs following oronasal inoculation, with tonsil samples consistently harboring the pathogen throughout the study period. The varying bacterial loads in mesenteric lymph nodes indicated persistence, replication, and a potential source for shedding.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
